Topic
Marangoni effect
About: Marangoni effect is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5336 publications have been published within this topic receiving 98562 citations. The topic is also known as: Gibbs–Marangoni effect.
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15 Apr 1998-Philosophical transactions - Royal Society. Mathematical, physical and engineering sciences
TL;DR: Thermocapillary forces were shown to play a part in the problems of ‘off–centre welding’, ‘porosity’ and ‘arc wander’ in GTA/TIG welding in the surface rippling of welds.
Abstract: The problem of it variable weld penetration or casttocast variation in GTA/TIG welding is discussed. It is shown that for normal GTA/TIG welding conditions the HeipleRoper theory is valid, i.e. tha...
250 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the final stage of a whole blood drop evaporation reveals regular patterns with a good reproducibility for a healthy person, and the same axisymetric pattern formation is observed, and can be forecast for different blood drop diameters.
Abstract: The drying of a drop of human blood exhibits coupled physical mechanisms, such as Marangoni flow, evaporation and wettability. The final stage of a whole blood drop evaporation reveals regular patterns with a good reproducibility for a healthy person. Other experiments on anaemic and hyperlipidemic people were performed, and different patterns were revealed. The flow motion inside the blood drop is observed and analyzed with the use of a digital camera: the influence of the red blood cells (RBCs) motion is revealed at the drop periphery as well as its consequences on the final stage of drying. The mechanisms which lead to the final pattern of the dried blood drops are presented and explained on the basis of fluid mechanics in conjunction with the principles of haematology. The blood drop evaporation process is evidenced to be driven only by Marangoni flow. The same axisymetric pattern formation is observed, and can be forecast for different blood drop diameters. The evaporation mass flux can be predicted with a good agreement, assuming only the knowledge of the colloids mass concentration.
249 citations
TL;DR: Experiments with a highly concentrated solution of salt instead of water, and tetradecane instead of squalane, confirm the above mechanism, and the present swimming droplets are able to carry external bodies such as large colloids, salt crystals, and even cells.
Abstract: We report spontaneous motion in a fully biocompatible system consisting of pure water droplets in an oil-surfactant medium of squalane and monoolein. Water from the droplet is solubilized by the reverse micellar solution, creating a concentration gradient of swollen reverse micelles around each droplet. The strong advection and weak diffusion conditions allow for the first experimental realization of spontaneous motion in a system of isotropic particles at sufficiently large Peclet number according to a straightforward generalization of a recently proposed mechanism [S. Michelin, E. Lauga, and D. Bartolo, Phys. Fluids 25, 061701 (2013); S. Michelin and E. Lauga, J. Fluid Mech. 747, 572 (2014)]. Experiments with a highly concentrated solution of salt instead of water, and tetradecane instead of squalane, confirm the above mechanism. The present swimming droplets are able to carry external bodies such as large colloids, salt crystals, and even cells.
248 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the existence of the Marangoni effect in pure water droplets has been observed by using fluorescent nanoparticles, which indicate that a stagnation point where the surface flow, the surface tension gradient, and the surface temperature gradient change their directions exists at the droplet surface.
Abstract: Marangoni effect has been observed in many liquids, but its existence in pure water is still a debated problem. In the present work, the Marangoni flow in evaporating water droplets has been observed by using fluorescent nanoparticles. Flow patterns indicate that a stagnation point where the surface flow, the surface tension gradient, and the surface temperature gradient change their directions exists at the droplet surface. The deduced nonmonotonic variation of the droplet surface temperature, which is different from that in some previous works, is explained by a heat transfer model considering the adsorbed thin film of the evaporating liquid droplet.
246 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the state of oscillatory Marangoni convection in crystal growth from melt is described and the dependence of the number of oscillations on the zone length is investigated.
239 citations