Showing papers on "Maranta published in 2016"

Alternatif Media for Fungal Growth Using a Different Source of Carbohidrats

Abstract: Fungi needs utrient, a source of energy and certain environmental conditions in order to growth. PDA was a common medium used to grow fungi in laboratories. The high of instant media PDA encourage researchers to find out alernatif media of the raw materials was easily available and more cheap. This researche determine the fungal growht in alternative media on carbohydrate source of the Canna edulis, Dioscorea aculeata and Maranta arundinacea . This study was an experimental studi using Completely Randomize Design (CDR), two factor. The first factor is a type of fungi: Candida albicans (J1), Aspergillus niger (J2). The second factor was the types of alternative media: the media of Canna edulis (M1), Discorea esculenta (M2) and Maranta arundinaceae L (M3). The collected data is analized by using qualitative descriptive. In this research Candida albicans was tested by spread method at 28 o C for 2 days, Aspergillus niger by agar block method was tested at 30 o c for 7 days. The result show that growth of Candida albicans best on medium Canna edulis with a population of 2,87×10 8 CFU/ml and the size of fungal colony was large white, while the growth of Aspergillus niger best on medium Canna edulis with a diameter about 39,7 mm and heavy sporulation. Both of fungi test showed that almost comparable growth of PDA. Media Canna edulis , Dioscorea aculeata and Maranta arundinacea can be used as alternatives media for fungal growth. Keyword: fungal growth media, fungal, the source of carbohydrates, PDA.

Notes on Singaporean native Zingiberales II: revision of Marantaceae, with a new generic record and notes on naturalised and commonly cultivated exotic species

Abstract: An illustrated revision of Marantaceae in Singapore with an identification key and proposed national IUCN Red List assessments is presented here. In total three genera and four species are considered native to Singapore ( Donax canniformis , Phrynium hirtum , Stachyphrynium parvum , and Stachyphrynium latifolium ) representing 33 % of diversity currently known to occur in Peninsular Malaysia. Although the genus Phrynium Willdenow (1797: 1) was previously reported for Singapore based on the presence of P. villosulum , we show that this species is, contrary to previous accounts, not native but introduced. Newly reported Phrynium hirtum therefore represents a new native generic record for the country. We are changing the status of Schumannianthus benthamianus , previously considered native, to cultivated, as there are no historic or recent collections of this species. Non-native species commonly employed in Singapore streetscapes and parks are also briefly discussed and illustrated in this paper. Actoplanes ridleyi , Donax grandis , Donax parviflora , Maranta tonchat , Phrynium latifolium and Phrynium sumatranum are lectotypified and Maranta arundinacea Blanco (non L.) is neotypified.

Diversity Analysis of Arrowroot Germplasm Using ISSR Markers

Abstract: Arrowroot ( Maranta arundinacea . L.) is an underutilized tuber crop having great potential to be developed as a carbohydrate source and functional food. Molecular markers have proved to be valuable tools in the characterization and evaluation of genetic diversity within and between species and populations. ISSR markers provide more sophisticated analysis of genetic diversity, cultivar identification, population genetic structure and other events of evolutionary biology processes. The present work is aimed at the molecular characterization of the seven arrowroot ( Maranta arundinacae L.) accessions maintained at ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute field genebank using 12 ISSR primers and to estimate the extent of diversity using the similarity index. DNA isolation was done using DNeasy ® Plant Mini Kit method. Out of the 13 ISSR markers screened, 12 markers gave polymorphic bands in the accessions screened. The 12 ISSR markers produced a total of 124 bands across the seven samples of which 66 were polymorphic. The phylogenetic tree generated using UPGMA cluster analysis revealed that diversity exists in M . Arundinacea unlike previously reported . The accessions formed two major clusters with two outliers in the grouping. The Cluster 1 consisted of two accessions i.e. Acc. 1 (M1) and Acc. 6 (M6) while Cluster 2 consisted of 3 accessions viz. Acc. 2, 4 and 3 (M2, M4 and M3). The two outliers that got separated were accessions 5 and 7 (M5 and M7). No duplicates were identified in the present study. The results indicated that the primers selected for the present study will be useful for future genetic diversity studies and would provide breeders with a genetic base for selection of diverse parents for crop improvement programmes in arrowroot.

Alternative Media for Bacterial Growth Using a Different Source of Carbohidrats

Abstract: The high cost of instant media such as nutrient agar encourage researchers to find an alternative media from raw materials that are easily available and cheap. This study aims to determine of using a source of carbohydrates to used as an alternative media. The source of carbohydrates that can be used is Canna edulis, Dioscorea esculenta, and Maranta arundinaceae and the results were compared with nutrient agar. The sample used are 300 gr of tubers with addition 10 gr of sugar and 15 gr of agar in 1000 ml of destilled water. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) two factors. The first factor is a type of bacteria: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and the second factor is the types of alternative media: Canna edulis, Dioscorea esculenta, and Maranta arundinaceae . The bacteria were inoculated with a spread plate method and incubated at 37 ° C for 24 hours. the parameters are a number of population and the size of the bacterial colonies.The result showed that in Escherichia coli , the highest population is in the Canna edulis (7.56x10 7 CFU/ml), Dioscorea esculenta (6,86x10 7 CFU/ml), nutrient agar media (6.21x10 7 CFU/ml), and the last is Maranta arundinaceae (5.49x10 7 CFU/ml) while in the the Staphylococcus aureus , the highest population is in the Canna edulis (8.17x10 7 CFU/ml), Maranta arundinaceae (5.13x10 7 CFU/ml), Dioscorea esculenta (4.08x10 7 CFU/ml), and the last is nutrient agar media (4.02x10 7 CFU/ml). Based on the size of the bacteria, the best result is in the Dioscorea esculenta , because the bacterial colonies are large and looks more clear. The results showed that the media of Canna edulis, Dioscorea esculenta , and Maranta arundinaceae can be used as an alternatives media for bacterial growth and the most optimal media is Dioscorea esculenta . Keywords: bacterial growth media, bacteria, the source of carbohydrates, nutrient agar.