Topic
Marine chronometer
About: Marine chronometer is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 116 publications have been published within this topic receiving 633 citations.
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Patent•
25 Apr 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, the escapement has an escape wheel (10;30), a balance wheel and a pivoted lever arranged so that during each movement of the balance wheel in one direction of rotation an impulse is applied direct to an element (25;33) attached to the balanced wheel.
Abstract: The invention relates to a detached escapement which preferably does not require oil to be applied to the escape wheel. The escapement has an escape wheel (10;30), a balance wheel and a pivoted lever (14;37) arranged so that during each movement of the balance wheel in one direction of rotation an impulse is applied direct to an element (25;33) attached to the balance wheel. During each movement of the balance wheel in the other direction of rotation it is preferred that an impulse is applied to the balance wheel via the pivoted lever. The escapement may be used in a watch, clock or chronometer.
34 citations
Book•
01 Aug 1989
TL;DR: Gould's seminal text on the development of the marine chronometer as mentioned in this paper not only faithfully reproduces the original, but also includes the author's own extensive notes, made in preparation for a second edition.
Abstract: This long-awaited new edition of Gould's seminal text on the development of the marine chronometer not only faithfully reproduces the original, but also includes the author's own extensive notes, made in preparation for a second edition. These amendments, additions and sketches are carefully placed to clearly distinguish them from the original text. The volume also includes an insightful Foreword by Jonathan Betts, as well as a new gallery of 65 images, comprising portraits, up-to-date photographs and black and white images from Gould's collection.
29 citations
TL;DR: The first marine chronometers, developed by Harrison and others in the eighteenth century, stimulated a sector of the British watchmaking industry to supply Admiralty and commercial demand for this instrument as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Summary Successful prototype marine chronometers, developed by Harrison and others in the eighteenth century, stimulated a sector of the British watchmaking industry to supply Admiralty and commercial demand for this instrument. Chronometers, like other British-made timepieces, were constructed by an elaborate pre-industrial method of production. The instrument's static technology and extreme durability meant replacement demand was minimal, and new demand was low relative to existing stock and the industry's capacity. The First World War created a final surge of demand that left supplies far in excess of peacetime needs; and a new technology—radio transmissions of time signals—offered an alternative method of determining Greenwich time, and thus longitude, at sea.
21 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a political history of the longitude, including the pursuit of the great longitude and the homing quality of radio, and the path of minimum time.
Abstract: Introduction. 1: Geography to Magellan. 2: Numerate navigators without science. 3: Three necessary mathematical inventions. 4: A new way of thought. 5: A political history of the longitude. 6: The great pursuit of the longitude. 7: Astronomical navigation with sextant and chronometer. 8: Victoriana. 9: Self-containment. 10: The homing quality of radio. 11: The seeing quality of radio. 12: Radio, Apollonius, and Professor Doppler. 13: The path of minimum time. 14: On the price of annuities. 15: The past and the present in perspective. References. Index
21 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In the late eighteenth century, marine navigators relied predominantly on the Moon for their time and longitude determinations, but their rare occurrences precludes their routine use as reliable way markers.
Abstract: Longitude determination at sea gained increasing commercial importance in the late Middle Ages, spawned by a commensurate increase in long-distance merchant shipping activity. Prior to the successful development of an accurate marine timepiece in the late-eighteenth century, marine navigators relied predominantly on the Moon for their time and longitude determinations. Lunar eclipses had been used for relative position determinations since Antiquity, but their rare occurrences precludes their routine use as reliable way markers. Measuring lunar distances, using the projected positions on the sky of the Moon and bright reference objects--the Sun or one or more bright stars--became the method of choice. It gained in profile and importance through the British Board of Longitude's endorsement in 1765 of the establishment of a Nautical Almanac. Numerous 'projectors' jumped onto the bandwagon, leading to a proliferation of lunar ephemeris tables. Chronometers became both more affordable and more commonplace by the mid-nineteenth century, signaling the beginning of the end for the lunar distance method as a means to determine one's longitude at sea.
20 citations