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Marx generator
About: Marx generator is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1276 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8970 citations.
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TL;DR: SPEED2 as mentioned in this paper is a generator based on Marx technology and was designed in the University of Dusseldorf, Germany, which is the most powerful and energetic device for dense transient plasma in the Southern Hemisphere.
Abstract: SPEED2 is a generator based on Marx technology and was designed in the University of Dusseldorf. SPEED2 consists on 40 +/- Marx modules connected in parallel (4.1 mF equivalent Marx generator capacity, 300 kV, 4 MA in short circuit, 187 kJ, 400 ns rise time, dI/dt~1013 A/s). Currently the SPEED2 is operating at the Comision Chilena de Energia Nuclear, CCHEN, Chile, being the most powerful and energetic device for dense transient plasma in the Southern Hemisphere. Most of the previous works developed in SPEED2 at Dusseldorf were done in a plasma focus configuration for soft X-ray emission and the neutron emission from SPEED2 was not completely studied. The research program at CCHEN considers experiments in different pinch configurations (plasma focus, gas puffed plasma focus, gas embedded Z-pinch, wire arrays) at current of hundred of kiloamperes to mega-amperes, using the SPEED2 generator. The Chilean operation has begun implementing and developing diagnostics in a conventional plasma focus configuration operating in deuterium in order to characterize the neutron emission and the hard X-ray production. Silver activation counters, plastics CR39 and scintillator-photomultiplier detectors are used to characterize the neutron emission. Images of metallic plates with different thickness are obtained on commercial radiographic film, Agfa Curix ST-G2, in order to characterize an effective energy of the hard X-ray outside of the discharge .
TL;DR: In this paper , a pulse-forming network Marx generator with a pulse duration of 260ns is presented. But the generator is composed of 20 stages with nine capacitors connected in parallel, and the generator functions at 44kV, which is lower than the rated voltage of the mica paper capacitor.
Abstract: To meet the application needs for producing long-pulse electron beams and high-power microwaves, a pulse-forming network Marx generator with a pulse duration of 260 ns is presented in this paper. This generator is composed of 20 stages of pulse-forming network modules. Each module is formed with nine capacitors connected in parallel. The generator functions at 44 kV, which is lower than the rated voltage of the mica paper capacitor, to improve the lifetime. The impedance of the generator is designed to reach 45 Ω. To avoid the strong coupling between the adjacent stages, the physical layout of the generator adopts a zigzag design. The generator is housed in a gas pressurized vessel of 600 mm in diameter and 580 mm in length. Across a 50 Ω load, it can deliver quasi-rectangular pulses with a pulse duration of 260 ns and an amplitude of 500 kV for a single shot. The output pulse features a plateau duration of 160 ns and a leading edge of 45 ns. In burst mode, it can steadily output ten pulses of 450 kV at a repetition rate of 10 Hz on either a resistive load or a diode.
TL;DR: In this paper , a coaxial Marx generator has been designed and developed, which is capable of generating 500kV peak voltages and 10kA peak current within a 40ns pulse duration.
Abstract: Flash x-ray (FXR) systems are used for dynamic radiography. Depending on the speed of the object, these systems typically require a very short pulse duration (∼25 ns) for image acquisition without motion blur. The conventional Marx generators with zigzag discharge paths result in higher inductance; hence, they do not meet the requirement of shorter pulse duration (30-40 ns) and low impedance (40-60 Ω) simultaneously. A coaxial Marx generator has been designed and developed, which is capable of generating 500 kV peak voltages and 10 kA peak current within a 40 ns pulse duration. The CST simulation of the coaxial Marx generator has been carried out to validate the design parameters. The FXR electron beam diode is powered by this Marx generator. Experiments were carried out to measure the x-ray parameters like pulse width, source size, x-ray energy spectrum, penetration depth, and cone angle. The maximum measured x-ray dose was 62 mR at 1 m distance from the source window. The x-ray radiograph demonstrates a penetration depth of 32 mm in steel kept at 2.5 m distance from the source for 500 kV diode voltages.
TL;DR: This paper proposes a pulsed power generator which consists of two types of switched-capacitor booster modules and the number of circuit components has been significantly reduced, which led to cost-saving and prevention of circuit control complexity.
Abstract: This paper proposes a pulsed power generator which consists of two types of switched-capacitor booster modules. A doubling mode module employed to elevate the input voltage to a specified level and, constant mode module is used to increase the elevated voltage into the finally intended bipolar output voltage. Also, the proposed modular structure does not utilize any switches across the load. Other advantage of the proposed structure is its lower current stress on source and every circuit component near it. In comparison with Marx Generator (MG) based topologies, the number of circuit components has been significantly reduced, which led to cost-saving and prevention of circuit control complexity. Calculation of the capacitors is presented. Experimental tests and simulations are performed on a five-module system which confirms the high performance of the proposed topology.
23 May 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed characterization of a 50 J linear transformer driver (LTD) stage is presented, yielding the magnetizing, primary and secondary leakage inductances associated with the transformer, core saturation effects, parasitic capacitances, the inductance of the pulse discharge circuit, and losses in both copper and the deltamax core.
Abstract: A detailed characterization of a 50 J linear transformer driver (LTD) stage is presented. The specific goal of the design is to achieve energy densities superior to typical Marx generators, such as a 500 J compact Marx generator previously designed and built at Texas Tech's Pulsed Power lab [1]. Experimental and analytical techniques for determining circuit elements and especially parasitic elements were used, yielding the magnetizing, primary and secondary leakage inductances associated with the transformer, core saturation effects, parasitic capacitances, the inductance of the pulse discharge circuit, and losses in both copper and the deltamax core. The investigations into these characteristics were carried out using both sinusoidal excitation from 1 kHz to 20 Mhz, and pulsed excitation with rise times down to 5 ns. Pulse amplitudes were varied to cover both the linear and saturation regimes of the core. Distributed parasitic capacitances and the inductance of the pulse discharge circuit were estimated analytically and compared with experimental results. This work was carried out to seek an ideal arrangement of the capacitors and switches on the LTD stage and gain a better basic understanding of fast rise time pulse transformers. Adjustments to the 50 J stage are proposed based on this characterization in order to optimize a future ten stage, 500 J assembly.