Topic
Mass action law
About: Mass action law is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 168 publications have been published within this topic receiving 2684 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical treatment of ionic micelle formation based on the Mass Action Law (i.e. on the molecular concept) is presented, and the expression for the thermodynamic equilibrium constant micelles were considered as molecular entities.
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this paper, a kinetic revision of transition state theory is proposed, which results in an effective entanglement of reaction rates, which become linear combinations of different MAL expressions.
Abstract: The classical approaches to the derivation of the (generalized) Mass Action Law (MAL) assume that the intermediate transition state (i) has short life time and (ii) is in partial equilibrium with the initial reagents of the elementary reaction. The partial equilibrium assumption (ii) means that the reverse decomposition of the intermediates is much faster than its transition through other channels to the products. In this work we demonstrate how avoiding this partial equilibrium assumption modifies the reaction rates. This kinetic revision of transition state theory results in an effective `entanglement' of reaction rates, which become linear combinations of different MAL expressions.
17 Feb 2023
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used tri-n-octyl amine (TOA) with different diluents to extract succinic acid from its aqueous phase.
Abstract: Succinic acid recovery from the aqueous phase is an intrinsic downstreaming process because of its numerous applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Distillation, sorption, adsorption, membrane, dialysis, and electrodialysis these are the conventional methods used for acid separation. Apart from these methods, a novel technique developed called reactive extraction that delivers good selectivity and yield. Separation of succinic acid from its aqueous phase was investigated in a recent work using a tertiary amine, such as tri-n-octyl amine (TOA), with different diluents. The study based on the acid concentration ranged from 0.14 to 0.5 mol/kg, while the TOA concentration ranged from 0.11 to 0.57mol/kg to study the parameters like the distribution coefficient, loading ratio, equilibrium complexation constant, and degree of extraction. The physical extraction of succinic acid by using these three diluents was done. As compare to physical extraction, reactive extraction gives better separation efficiency. The comparison of results by using different diluents in TOA was studied. The best result was obtained at the initial concentration of acid 0.26 mol/kg and initial concentration of TOA 0.57 mol/kg in the benzyl alcohol that gives 99.44 % extraction efficiency. The order of extraction power for the diluents was found to be benzyl alcohol > 2-octanol > 1-decanol. Keywords: succinic acid; reactive extraction; distribution coefficient; degree of extraction
TL;DR: In this article, the distribution of impurities at thermal equilibrium between a semiconductor and an adjacent liquid or gaseous phase containing the impurities is calculated using the mass action law applied to the transfer of neutral impurities.
Abstract: The distribution of impurities at thermal equilibrium between a semiconductor and an adjacent liquid or gaseous phase containing the impurities is calculated using the mass action law applied to the transfer of neutral impurities. The heat content change is expressed in terms of the segregation coefficient of impurities between the liquid and solid semiconductor at its melting point, in the case of a solid-liquid equilibrium; and in terms of the solidus concentration and the impurity partial pressure above the liquidus in the case of a gaseous-solid equilibrium. The ionization equilibrium of impurities in the semiconductor must be considered in order to relate the concentration of neutral impurities to the total impurity concentration in the semiconductor. Solidus curves have been calculated for silicon and germanium and some three- and five-valent impurities and are found in good agreement with empirical data. For the same materials, surface concentrations for gaseous diffusion experiments as function of vapor pressure and of diffusion temperature have been calculated.
TL;DR: Huang et al. as discussed by the authors proposed a data-driven method to discover multiscale chemical reactions governed by the law of mass action, where a single matrix is used to represent the stoichiometric coefficients for both the reactants and products without catalysis reactions.