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Mass formula
About: Mass formula is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1248 publications have been published within this topic receiving 22043 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented and analyzed the simplest physically meaningful model for stationary black diholes, a binary configuration of counterrotating Kerr-Newman black holes endowed with opposite electric charges, in a physical parametrization on the basis of one of the equatorially antisymmetric solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations.
Abstract: In this paper, we present and analyze the simplest physically meaningful model for stationary black diholes---a binary configuration of counterrotating Kerr-Newman black holes endowed with opposite electric charges---elaborated in a physical parametrization on the basis of one of the Ernst-Manko-Ruiz equatorially antisymmetric solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations. The model saturates the Gabach-Clement inequality for interacting black holes with struts, and in the absence of rotation, it reduces to the Emparan-Teo electric dihole solution. The physical characteristics of each dihole constituent satisfy identically the well-known Smarr's mass formula.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the referenced quasilocal mass of a spatially bounded region in a classical solution is invariant under conformal transformations of the spacetime metric.
Abstract: We show that in a generic scalar-tensor theory of gravity, the ``referenced'' quasilocal mass of a spatially bounded region in a classical solution is invariant under conformal transformations of the spacetime metric. We first extend the Brown-York quasilocal formalism to such theories to obtain the ``unreferenced'' quasilocal mass and prove it to be conformally invariant. However, this quantity is typically divergent. It is, therefore, essential to subtract from it a properly defined reference term to obtain a finite and physically meaningful quantity, namely, the referenced quasilocal mass. The appropriate reference term in this case is defined by generalizing the Hawking-Horowitz prescription, which was originally proposed for general relativity. For such a choice of reference term, the referenced quasilocal mass for a general spacetime solution is obtained. This expression is shown to be a conformal invariant provided the conformal factor is a monotonic function of the scalar field. We apply this expression to the case of static spherically symmetric solutions with arbitrary asymptotics to obtain the referenced quasilocal mass of such solutions. Finally, we demonstrate the conformal invariance of our quasilocal mass formula by applying it to specific cases of four-dimensional charged black hole spacetimes, of both the asymptotically flat and non-flat kinds, in conformally related theories.
16 citations
TL;DR: The temperature dependence of the coefficients in the semi-empirical mass formula has been determined from a least squares fit to the canonical ensemble average of the excitation energy for nuclei throughout the periodic table.
16 citations
16 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the mass of excited states of mixed orbital symmetry and nonstrange baryons derived in the 1 / N c expansion were derived based on the separation of a system of N c quarks into a symmetric core and an excited quark, and an advantage of this new approach is to substantially reduce the number of linearly independent operators entering the mass formula.
16 citations