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Mass screening

About: Mass screening is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 34508 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1365148 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The duration of exposure rather than the level of exposure appears to determine the risk of the development of an abdominal aortic aneurysm in men older than 50 years, and smoking is an initiating event for the condition.

224 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Feng Li1, Shusuke Sone, Hiroyuki Abe, Heber MacMahon, Kunio Doi 
TL;DR: Recognition of certain characteristics at thin-section CT can be helpful in differentiating small malignant nodules from benign nodules.
Abstract: Purpose To evaluate thin-section computed tomographic (CT) characteristics of malignant nodules on the basis of overall appearance (pure ground-glass opacity [GGO], mixed GGO, or solid opacity) in comparison with the appearance of benign nodules. Materials and methods Institutional review board approval and patient consent were obtained. Follow-up diagnostic CT was performed in 747 suspicious pulmonary nodules detected at low-dose CT screening (17 892 examinations). Of 747 nodules, 222 were evaluated at thin-section CT (1-mm collimation), which included 59 cancers and 163 benign nodules (3-20 mm). Thin-section CT findings of malignant versus benign nodules with pure GGO (17 vs 12 lesions), mixed GGO (27 vs 29 lesions), or solid opacity (15 vs 122 lesions) were analyzed. Fisher exact test for independence was used to compare differences in shape, margin, and internal features between benign and malignant nodules. Positive predictive value (PPV) was analyzed when a category was significantly different from the others. Results Among nodules with pure GGO, a round shape was found more frequently in malignant lesions (11 of 17, 65%) than in benign lesions (two of 12, 17%; P = .02; PPV, 85%); mixed GGO, a subtype with GGO in the periphery and a high-attenuation zone in the center, was seen much more often in malignant lesions (11 of 27, 41%) than in benign lesions (two of 29, 7%; P = .004; PPV, 85%). Among solid nodules, a polygonal shape or a smooth or somewhat smooth margin was present less frequently in malignant than in benign lesions (polygonal shape: 7% vs 38%, P = .02; smooth or somewhat smooth margin: 0% vs 63%, P Conclusion Recognition of certain characteristics at thin-section CT can be helpful in differentiating small malignant nodules from benign nodules.

224 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Of the 5 risk factors considered, medial knee displacement was the only factor associated with increased risk for ACL, however, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated a poor combined sensitivity and specificity when medial knees displacement was used as a screening test for predicting ACL injury.
Abstract: Background:The evidence linking knee kinematics and kinetics during a vertical drop jump (VDJ) to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk is restricted to a single small sample. Still, the VDJ test continues to be advocated for clinical screening purposes.Purpose:To test whether 5 selected kinematic and kinetic variables were associated with future ACL injuries in a large cohort of Norwegian female elite soccer and handball players. Furthermore, we wanted to assess whether the VDJ test can be recommended as a screening test to identify players with increased risk.Study Design:Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.Methods:Elite female soccer and handball players participated in preseason screening tests from 2007 through 2014. The tests included marker-based 3-dimensional motion analysis of a drop-jump landing. We followed a predefined statistical protocol in which we included the following candidate risk factors in 5 separate logistic regression analyses, with new ACL injury as the outcome: (1) knee val...

224 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is the expectation that this discussion may prove informative by virtue of offering a different perspective and afford a measure of clarity to controversies surrounding sudden cardiac death and preparticipation screening in competitive athletes.
Abstract: R ecently, issues related to the identification of cardiovascular disease in competitive athletes have become highly visible to the lay public and medical community in the United States, promoted largely by the occurrence of sudden and premature cardiac deaths in elite athletes.’ These catastrophies have raised our consciousness regarding preparticipation screening in competitive athletic populations?,’ as well as the criteria for sports eligibility.4.5 In this regard, we thought it an opportune time to take note of a unique experience with such issues impacting on competitive athletes in Italy over the past 3 decades. It is our expectation that this discussion may prove informative by virtue of offering a different perspective. and in the process afford a measure of clarity to controversies surrounding sudden cardiac death and preparticipation screening in competitive athletes.

224 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The risk of malignancy in unilocular ovarian cystic tumors less than 10 cm in diameter in women 50 years old or older is extremely low and the majority will resolve spontaneously and can be followed conservatively with serial transvaginal ultrasonography.

223 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20223
2021736
2020871
2019821
20181,027
20171,365