Topic
Mass screening
About: Mass screening is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 34508 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1365148 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: The American Cancer Society (ACS) publishes a summary of its guidelines for early cancer detection along with a report on data and trends in cancer screening rates and select issues related to cancer screening as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Each year, the American Cancer Society (ACS) publishes a summary of its guidelines for early cancer detection along with a report on data and trends in cancer screening rates and select issues related to cancer screening. In this issue of the journal, we summarize current ACS cancer screening guidelines. The latest data on utilization of cancer screening from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) also is described, as are several issues related to screening coverage under the Affordable Care Act, including the expansion of the Medicaid program.
375 citations
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TL;DR: There is a vital need to provide adequate guidelines for the definition of the metabolic syndrome in pediatrics and for the development of screening and treatment strategies for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Abstract: The metabolic syndrome was recently defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III. Despite a lack of uniform definition of the syndrome in pediatrics, recent studies have shown that the syndrome develops during childhood and is highly prevalent among overweight children and adolescents. The hypothesized central role of insulin resistance and obesity as a common underlying feature of the metabolic syndrome also appears to be already manifested in childhood. In view of the current obesity epidemic in children and adolescents, there is a vital need to provide adequate guidelines for the definition of the metabolic syndrome in pediatrics and for the development of screening and treatment strategies. This article focuses on the above issues, as well as on the impact of the syndrome on two major disease outcomes, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
375 citations
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TL;DR: The results from this study suggest that early screening for signs of autism may be warranted in this high-risk population followed by definitive autism testing in those with positive screening results.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE. The survival of very low birth weight infants has increased markedly in recent years. Unfortunately, the prevalence of significant and lifelong motor, cognitive, and behavioral dysfunction has remained a major problem confronting these children. The objective of this study was to perform screening tests for early autistic features in children with a history of very low birth weight and to identify risk factors associated with a positive screening result. METHODS. We studied 91 ex-preterm infants ≤ 1500 g at birth. Infants underwent conventional MRI studies at preterm and/or term-adjusted age. We collected pertinent demographic, prenatal, intrapartum, acute postnatal, and short-term outcome data for all infants. Follow-up assessments were performed at a mean age of 21.9 ± 4.7 months, using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, and the Child Behavior Checklist. RESULTS. Twenty-six percent of ex-preterm infants had a positive result on the autism screening tool. Abnormal scores correlated highly with internalizing behavioral problems on the Child Behavior Checklist and socialization and communication deficits on the Vineland Scales. Lower birth weight, gestational age, male gender, chorioamnionitis, acute intrapartum hemorrhage, illness severity on admission, and abnormal MRI studies were significantly associated with an abnormal autism screening score. CONCLUSIONS. Early autistic behaviors seem to be an underrecognized feature of very low birth weight infants. The results from this study suggest that early screening for signs of autism may be warranted in this high-risk population followed by definitive autism testing in those with positive screening results.
374 citations
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TL;DR: There is a report of a workshop held to review emerging technology for colorectal cancer screening that resulted in a modification of current previous recommendations for fecal occult blood tests, and revised recommendations for the “cancer‐related check‐up” in which clinical encounters provide case‐finding and health‐counseling opportunities.
Abstract: Each January, the American Cancer Society (ACS) publishes a summary of existing recommendations for early cancer detection, including updates, and/or emerging issues that are relevant to screening for cancer. In 2002, the ACS assembled expert groups to update guidelines for cervical cancer screening and breast cancer screening, and to evaluate new technology for colorectal cancer screening. In November 2002, updated guidelines for cervical cancer screening were published in this journal, and breast cancer screening guidelines will be updated in 2003. In this issue, there is a report of a workshop held to review emerging technology for colorectal cancer screening that resulted in a modification of current previous recommendations for fecal occult blood tests, and revised recommendations for the "cancer-related check-up" in which clinical encounters provide case-finding and health-counseling opportunities. Finally, we provide an update of the most recent data pertaining to participation rates in cancer screening by age, gender, and ethnicity from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS).
374 citations
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TL;DR: This analysis indicates that 14.9% of US children have low-frequency or high-frequency hearing loss of at least 16-dB hearing level in 1 or both ears, and among children in elementary, middle, and high school, audiometric screening should include low- frequencies and high- frequencies to detect hearing loss.
Abstract: Context.—Hearing loss in children influences the development of communication
and behavioral skills, but few studies in the United States have used pure-tone
audiometry to derive hearing loss prevalence estimates for children.Objective.—To describe the prevalence of hearing loss among US children by sociodemographic
characteristics, reported hearing loss, and audiometric screening factors.Design.—National population-based cross-sectional survey with an in-person interview
and audiometric testing at 0.5 to 8 kHz.Setting/Participants.—A total of 6166 children aged 6 to 19 years completed audiometry in
the mobile examination center of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey conducted between 1988 and 1994.Main Outcome Measure.—Hearing loss, defined as audiometric threshold values of at least 16-dB
hearing level based on a low or high pure-tone average.Results.—A total of 14.9% of children had low-frequency or high-frequency hearing
loss of at least 16-dB hearing level, 7.1% had low-frequency hearing loss
of at least 16-dB hearing level, and 12.7% had high-frequency hearing loss
of at least 16-dB hearing level. Most hearing loss was unilateral and slight
in severity (16- to 25-dB hearing level). Of those with measured hearing loss,
10.8% were reported to have current hearing loss during the interview.Conclusions.—This analysis indicates that 14.9% of US children have low-frequency
or high-frequency hearing loss of at least 16-dB hearing level in 1 or both
ears. Among children in elementary, middle, and high school, audiometric screening
should include low-frequency and high-frequency testing to detect hearing
loss.
374 citations