Showing papers on "Matching (statistics) published in 1977"

Parametric correspondence and chamfer matching: two new techniques for image matching

Abstract: Parametric correspondence is a technique for matching images to a three dimensional symbolic reference map. An analytic camera model is used to predict the location and appearance of landmarks in the image, generating a projection for an assumed viewpoint. Correspondence is achieved by adjusting the parameters of the camera model until the appearances of the landmarks optimally match a symbolic description extracted from the image. The matching of image and map features is performed rapidly by a new technique, called "chamfer matching", that compares the shapes of two collections of shape fragments, at a cost proportional to linear dimension, rather than area. These two techniques permit the matching of spatially extensive features on the basis of shape, which reduces the risk of ambiguous matches and the dependence on viewing conditions inherent in conventional image based correlation matching.

Knowledge acquisition from structural descriptions

Abstract: : The representation of concepts and antecedent-consequent productions is discussed and a method for inducing knowledge by abstracting such representations from a sequence of training examples is described. The proposed learning method, interference matching, induces abstractions by finding relational properties common to two or more exemplars. Three tasks solved by a program which performs an interference matching algorithm are presented. Several problems concerning the relational representation of examples and the induction of knowledge by interference matching are also discussed.

Efficiency of electrically small antennas combined with matching networks

Abstract: The efficiency of an antenna combined with a matching network constructed from elements with finite Q is determined by applying the principle of conservation of energy. The conditions which must be satisfied to obtain maximum efficiency are examined. An analysis shows that for many electrically small antennas the conditions for maximum efficiency can be met using a simple L section as the matching network. Examples are presented to show the importance of including the matching network in efficiency calculations for electrically small antennas.

Adaptive implementation of one-step-ahead optimal control via input matching

Abstract: Directly adapting feedback control parameters to match an optimal input avoids the current limitations of indirect adaptive control and direct adaptive model matching. This original concept, termed input matching, allows combination of stable parameter adjustment algorithms and optimal performance considerations. Furthermore, the emphasis on input matching permits consistent control despite inconsistent parameter identification obviating efforts such as test or probing inputs required to ensure consistent identification. The control signal is reduced to a constant weighted sum of the measurable information-state vector components by the use of a one-step-ahead quadratic cost function to govern the behavior of a linear, time-invariant multivariable plant. The control effort from this linear combination proves globally estimable by a vector equation error formulation since the one-step-ahead cost function permits simple a posteriori input error calculation. Several simulations demonstrate the behavior of this new multivariable adaptive input matching control method.

Analysis of prospective epidemiologic studies by minimum distance case-control matching

Abstract: This paper presents the use of a matching method for analysis of prospective epidemiologic studies which generate a relatively small number of cases of a given disease. In such studies, matching in the manner presented may be of a given disease. In such studies, matching in the manner presented may be superior to other methods of analysis in removing bias due to confounding. A multivariate minimum-distance matching algorithm is used for computer selection of controls for the cases and the method is illustrated by application to a prospective cardiovascular disease study. The main advantages are that the results are easy to understand and interpret, and that there is no possibiligy of bias due to confounding variables when close matches are obtained. In contrast, the results of multivariate analysis may be difficult to understand and interpret, and the removal of bias due to confounding is dependent on the assumptions of the mode. It is recommended that the matching method should be used in addition to and at times stead of other methods of analysis whenever a study involves a relatively small number of cases and a large source of controls of controls on whom relevant study variables have already been documented.

A comparative analysis of the colour matching ability of dentists, dental students, and ceramic technicians.

Abstract: This paper compares the colour matching ability of dentists, dental students, and ceramic technicians. It examines the roles that experience and colour defective vision may also play in the correct matching of dental colours.

Single-pass method for determining the semantic relationships between terms

Abstract: A fast single-pass method for the automatic determination of the semantic relationships between terms is presented. The computing time required for the method is small enough for it to be feasible in a practical environment. The experimental results obtained indicate that the method is effective in the assessment of the relationships between terms. The improvement achieved in retrieval performance over simple keyword matching is quite significant.

Tactual and Name Matching by Blind Children.

Abstract: The hypothesis that letters can be matched on the basis of tactual physical features was tested in three experiments with blind Braille-reading children. Experiment I compared simultaneous matching of pairs of normal (S) and enlarged (E) format Braille letters. Under physical match instructions latencies for SS pairs were significantly faster than for other pairs, but matching EE pairs which compared two difficult letters under physical match instructions was no slower than matching SE or ES letters which compared one easy and one difficult letter under name match instructions. Experiment II showed that successive physical matching of SS and EE letters was significantly faster than name matching of ES and SE letters respectively. Experiment III tested successive matching with two types of altered format (X and Y) under instructions to judge whether pairs were the same letter. Latencies did not differ between XX and YY pairs, but each was significantly faster than either XY or YX pairs. The results were deemed to support the hypothesis.

Matching resources to needs.

Abstract: oil). This agent has been implicated in the production of an unusual hyperlipidaemia in patients receiving an intravenous preparation of the antifungal drug miconazole which also contains Cremophor EL.2 We have observed a similar pattern on lipoprotein electrophoresis of the plasma of a 33-year-old man with post-traumatic pulmonary insufficiency who had been sedated for seven days with a continuous infusion of Althesin at the rate of 72 ml, day. The pattern is that of disappearance of the x-lipoprotein band and the appearance of a densely staining abnormal band running in the ~-lipoprotein region. The total plasma cholesterol concentration was 4-3 mmol,l (166 mg/100 ml) (normal range 3 6-6 2 mmol,l (140-240 mg/ 100 ml) ) and the triglyceride concentration was 2 6 mmol/l (230 mg 100 ml)) (normal range 0 6-1 7 mmol/l (53-150 mg 100 ml) ). Bagnarello et a12 pointed out that this unusual lipoprotein pattern is similar to that seen in dogs during continuous infusion of the surfaceactive agent T;iton, which, over a period of a few months, produces severe arteriosclerosis. We suggest that patients receiving longterm infusions of Althesin or other preparations containing Cremophor EL should have their plasma lipids monitored and that development of the electrophoretic pattern described could be a justification for discontinuing such infusions unless the benefit of the therapy is thought to outweigh the potential risk. We would also suggest that the transitory rise in plasma free fatty acids associated with the induction of anaesthesia with Althesin\" may be due to its Cremophor EL component.

Conditional matching learning set performance in autistic children

Abstract: SUMMARY The performance of a group of autistic children in a conditional matching learning set task was shown to be significantly inferior to that of groups of normal and retarded children matched for mental age. This task involves the use of conditional cues for correct solution of the problems and it is suggested that autistic children suffer from a particular cognitive deficit which is exposed in their inability in this task to make use of symbolic information.

How to make cooperation the optimizing strategy in a two‐person game

Abstract: This paper demonstrates the existence of a partial tit‐for‐tat (matching) strategy which, when used by one player in an iterated “Prisoner's Dilemma” game, will induce a response of pure cooperation in the other player if that player behaves optimally. The minimum matching frequency of such a strategy is shown to be monotonically related to the Rapoport‐Chammah “Cooperation Index.”

The Supply of Communal Goods and Revenue Sharing

Abstract: The use of intergovernmental grants is found in most countries. Governments (especially central governments) that encompass relatively large jurisdictions frequently supplement with grants of funds the revenues of public units at more decentralised levels. These grants are of two basic types: conditional and unconditional (‘lump-sum’). Among the former, a common type is the matching grant, where the recipient government is required to allocate funds from its own sources, in a specified ratio to the grant.

Matching persons and counseling environments to foster self-control of test anxiety /

Abstract: 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete.

A framework for processing dialogue

Abstract: This report describes a framework for handling mixed-initiative English dialogue in a console session environment, with emphasis on recognition. Within this framework, both linguistic and non-linguistic activities are modeled by structures called methods. which are a declarative form of procedural knowledge. Our design focuses on units of linguistic activity larger than the speech act, so that the pragmatic and semantic context of an utterance can be used to guide its interpretation. Also important is the treatment of indirect speech acts, e.g., the different ways to ask a question, give a command, etc. Given the static model of dialogue embodied in the methods, the problem is to find the correct method step that relates to a particular input. We handle this problem through a combination of careful structural distinctions and the use of multiple recognition strategies. The dialogue methods are used to generate expectations dynamically, special structures are used to facilitate matching, and a basic distinction between four major utterance classes is used to determine which of several overall matching strategies should be used for a given expectation.

A note on the relation between cross-modal transfer of learning and cross-modal matching

Abstract: Garvill, J., and Molander, B. A note on the relation between cross-modal transfer of learning and cross-modal matching. Umea Psychological Reports No. 126, 1977. - Cross-modal transfer of learning ...

Effects of interference on intra-modal and cross-modal matching of form

Abstract: Garvill, J., and Molander, B. Effects of interference on intra-modal and cross-modal matching of form. Umea Psychological Reports No. 124, 1977. - This experiment was designed to test two hypothese ...

Application of Matched Expansion Methods to Problems in Acoustics.

Abstract: : This report describes how the method of Matched Asymptotic Expansions (MAE) can be used safely and systematically (1) to indicate the appropriate from taken by the inner (near field) and outer (wave field) series and (2) to determine all unknown functions and constants appearing in both series by matching the series according to a clearcut rule. These points are illustrated by detailed study of several very simple problems in low-frequency acoustic scattering problems which serve to demonstrate that physical arguments are unreliable in these problems and that they are no substitute for the unambiguous matching rule. Two-dimensional scattering problems are used to introduce logarithmic gauge functions; it is shown that the matching rule can easily accommodate these functions and moreover, that insistence upon satisfaction of the matching rule can in some cases be used to greatly improve the rapidly of convergence of series involving logarithmic functions. The report emphasizes the very widespread applicability of the MAE method to problem in classical and modern, linear and nonlinear acoustics and related fields.

Continous voice recognition equipment

Abstract: PURPOSE:The execution of both 1st-and-stage matching sections is performed simultaneously, and the judgment results are obtained through reference of temporary block point table and temporary judgment result table. In this way, the continuous voice can be recognized automatically with reduced memory capacity.

Matcher for pattern phase

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain the equipment to match the pattern positions easily by sliding at least one video data to match the pattern positions in the comparative matching of the two shadow.

A laboratory study of individual recognition using Bewick's Swan bill patterns

Abstract: Observers were tested over five successive days for their ability to detect whether a pair of black and white slides were of the same or of a different Bewick's Swan Cygnus columbianus bewickii. Matching of side views was more reliable than of front views. Although simultaneous matching was more reliable than successive, quite good matching was achieved under the latter condition. Matching was appreciably worse when the photograph of a matching pair were taken more than a year apart. Substantial variations were found between the observers in their willingness to assert a definite match. Training or calibration of observers in their use of judgment categories could prove beneficial.

Vision tests as predictors of learning disabilities.

Abstract: Three relatively new screeening tests for visual problems are described. They are color matching, visual language field development, and the speed of the visual language field development, and the speed of the visual scan. The visual problems so measured were found to be associated with poor school achievement. In color matching, only blue was involved, not red or green, and proficiency was relatively undeveloped before age 10. Throughout, blue matching difficulty was associated with poor visual language field development, but not with slow scanning. Early screening with these tests offers possibilities for early detection of students with potential learning problems.

Matching debug device for pattern recognizing device

Abstract: PURPOSE: To secure the fault check in a short time for the matching circuit by checking the detection output sent from the matching circuit through the coincidence output checking circuit. COPYRIGHT: (C)1979,JPO&Japio