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Showing papers on "Maximum power point tracking published in 2010"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the importance of grid-connected PV system regarding the intermittent nature of renewable generation, and the characterization of PV generation with regard to grid code compliance is investigated and emphasized.
Abstract: Traditional electric power systems are designed in large part to utilize large baseload power plants, with limited ability to rapidly ramp output or reduce output below a certain level. The increase in demand variability created by intermittent sources such as photovoltaic (PV) presents new challenges to increase system flexibility. This paper aims to investigate and emphasize the importance of the grid-connected PV system regarding the intermittent nature of renewable generation, and the characterization of PV generation with regard to grid code compliance. The investigation was conducted to critically review the literature on expected potential problems associated with high penetration levels and islanding prevention methods of grid tied PV. According to the survey, PV grid connection inverters have fairly good performance. They have high conversion efficiency and power factor exceeding 90% for wide operating range, while maintaining current harmonics THD less than 5%. Numerous large-scale projects are currently being commissioned, with more planned for the near future. Prices of both PV and balance of system components (BOS) are decreasing which will lead to further increase in use. The technical requirements from the utility power system side need to be satisfied to ensure the safety of the PV installer and the reliability of the utility grid. Identifying the technical requirements for grid interconnection and solving the interconnect problems such as islanding detection, harmonic distortion requirements and electromagnetic interference are therefore very important issues for widespread application of PV systems. The control circuit also provides sufficient control and protection functions like maximum power tracking, inverter current control and power factor control. Reliability, life span and maintenance needs should be certified through the long-term operation of PV system. Further reduction of cost, size and weight is required for more utilization of PV systems. Using PV inverters with a variable power factor at high penetration levels may increase the number of balanced conditions and subsequently increase the probability of islanding. It is strongly recommended that PV inverters should be operated at unity power factor.

923 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a switched inductor (SL) Z-source inverter is proposed to enlarge voltage adjustability, which employs a unique SL impedance network to couple the main circuit and the power source.
Abstract: On the basis of the classical Z-source inverter, this paper presents a developed impedance-type power inverter that is termed the switched inductor (SL) Z-source inverter. To enlarge voltage adjustability, the proposed inverter employs a unique SL impedance network to couple the main circuit and the power source. Compared with the classical Z-source inverter, the proposed inverter increases the voltage boost inversion ability significantly. Only a very short shoot-through zero state is required to obtain high voltage conversion ratios, which is beneficial for improving the output power quality of the main circuit. In addition, the voltage buck inversion ability is also provided in the proposed inverter for those applications that need low ac voltages. Similar to the classical Z-source inverter, the proposed concepts of SL Z-source inverter can be applied to various applications of dc-ac, ac-ac, dc-dc, and ac-dc power conversion. A detailed topology analysis and a generalized discussion are given. Both simulation and experimental results verify the analytical results.

546 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) power system with high voltage gain is proposed, and the steady-state model analysis and the control strategy of the system are presented.
Abstract: A grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) power system with high voltage gain is proposed, and the steady-state model analysis and the control strategy of the system are presented in this paper. For a typical PV array, the output voltage is relatively low, and a high voltage gain is obligatory to realize the grid-connected function. The proposed PV system employs a ZVT-interleaved boost converter with winding-coupled inductors and active-clamp circuits as the first power-processing stage, which can boost a low voltage of the PV array up to a high dc-bus voltage. Accordingly, an accurate steady-state model is obtained and verified by the simulation and experimental results, and a full-bridge inverter with bidirectional power flow is used as the second power-processing stage, which can stabilize the dc-bus voltage and shape the output current. Two compensation units are added to perform in the system control loops to achieve the low total harmonic distortion and fast dynamic response of the output current. Furthermore, a simple maximum-power-point-tracking method based on power balance is applied in the PV system to reduce the system complexity and cost with a high performance. At last, a 2-kW prototype has been built and tested to verify the theoretical analysis of the paper.

468 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an adaptive perturb and observe (P&O) method is proposed to track the maximum power point (MPPT) in photovoltaic (PV) systems.
Abstract: The optimisation of energy generation in a photovoltaic (PV) system is necessary to let the PV cells operate at the maximum power point (MPP) corresponding to the maximum efficiency. Since the MPP varies, based on the irradiation and cell temperature, appropriate algorithms must be utilised to track the MPP. This is known as maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Different MPPT algorithms, each with its own specific performance, have been proposed in the literature. A so-called perturb and observe (P&O) method is considered here. This method is widely diffused because of its low-cost and ease of implementation. When atmospheric conditions are constant or change slowly, the P&O method oscillates close to MPP. However, when these change rapidly, this method fails to track MPP and gives rise to a waste of part of the available energy. An adaptive P&O method is proposed in this study that has faster dynamics and improved stability compared to the traditional P&O. The MPPT algorithm was set up and validated by means of numerical simulations and experimental tests, confirming the effectiveness of the method.

409 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The proposed single-phase H-bridge multilevel converter for PV systems governed by a new integrated fuzzy logic controller (FLC)/modulator offers improved performance over two-level inverters, particularly at low-medium power.
Abstract: Converters for photovoltaic (PV) systems usually consist of two stages: a dc/dc booster and a pulsewidth modulated (PWM) inverter. This cascade of converters presents efficiency issues, interactions between its stages, and problems with the maximum power point tracking. Therefore, only part of the produced electrical energy is utilized. In this paper, the authors propose a single-phase H-bridge multilevel converter for PV systems governed by a new integrated fuzzy logic controller (FLC)/modulator. The novelties of the proposed system are the use of a fully FLC (not requiring any optimal PWM switching-angle generator and proportional-integral controller) and the use of an H-bridge power-sharing algorithm. Most of the required signal processing is performed by a mixed-mode field-programmable gate array, resulting in a fully integrated System-on-Chip controller. The general architecture of the system and its main performance in a large spectrum of practical situations are presented and discussed. The proposed system offers improved performance over two-level inverters, particularly at low-medium power.

406 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
20 May 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a survey of recent Grid Codes and regulations for grid connected PV systems is presented, focusing on grid interface requirements, power quality concerns and anti-Islanding (AI) issues regarding PV systems connected to low voltage (LV) and medium voltage (MV) levels of the network.
Abstract: The challenge to bring down the cost of produced photovoltaic (PV) power had a major impact on the PV market and in consequence the grid operators experienced higher and higher PV power penetration. The growing share of this decentralized generation plants started to affect the grid stability and Distribution System Operators (DSOs) had to keep the safety and reliability of the network under strict rules and regulations. The aim of the paper is to realize a survey of recent Grid Codes (GC) and regulations for grid connected PV systems. The focus is on grid interface requirements, power quality concerns and Anti-Islanding (AI) issues regarding PV systems connected to low voltage (LV) and medium voltage (MV) levels of the network.

402 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper presents a maximum power point tracking approach for a photovoltaic system using the dividing rectangles algorithm, which is capable of searching for global maximum and possesses a fast tracking speed.
Abstract: This paper presents a maximum power point tracking approach for a photovoltaic system using the dividing rectangles algorithm. The new approach overcomes some weaknesses of the existing methods such as the perturb and observe method as it is capable of searching for global maximum. This is particularly important for a system that is partially shaded. To validate the performance of the proposed scheme, experimental studies have been conducted. The results have shown that the proposed approach is robust and possesses a fast tracking speed.

336 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an extremum seeking (ES) controller that utilizes the natural inverter ripple is designed and tested on a simulated solar array with a grid-tied inverter.
Abstract: This study develops a maximum power point tracking algorithm that optimizes solar array performance and adapts to rapidly varying irradiance conditions. In particular, a novel extremum seeking (ES) controller that utilizes the natural inverter ripple is designed and tested on a simulated solar array with a grid-tied inverter. The new algorithm is benchmarked against the perturb and observe (PO) method using high-variance irradiance data gathered on a rooftop array experiment in Princeton, NJ. The ES controller achieves efficiencies exceeding 99% with transient rise-time to the maximum power point of less than 0.1 s. It is shown that voltage control is more stable than current control and allows for accurate tracking of faster irradiance transients. The limitations of current control are demonstrated in an example. Finally, the effect of capacitor size on the performance of ripple-based ES control is investigated.

330 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
04 Jul 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a single-phase inverter for distributed generation systems requiring power quality features, such as harmonic and reactive power compensation for grid-connected operation, is proposed, where the inverter controls the active power flow from the renewable energy source to the grid and also performs the nonlinear load current harmonic compensation keeping the grid current almost sinusoidal.
Abstract: Power electronic converters are commonly used for interfacing distributed generation systems to the electrical power network. This paper deals with a single-phase inverter for distributed generation systems requiring power quality features, such as harmonic and reactive power compensation for grid-connected operation. The idea is to integrate the DG unit functions with shunt active power filter capabilities. With the proposed approach, the inverter controls the active power flow from the renewable energy source to the grid and also performs the non-linear load current harmonic compensation keeping the grid current almost sinusoidal. The control scheme employs a current reference generator based on Sinusoidal Signal Integrator (SSI) and Instantaneous Reactive Power (IRP) theory together with a repetitive current controller. Experimental results obtained on a 4 kVA inverter prototype demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solution.

301 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an optimal sizing methodology based on an energy approach is described and applied to grid-connected photovoltaic systems taking into account the PV module technology and inclination, the inverter type and the location.

273 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a T-S fuzzy observer is developed to reduce the number of measured signals and a fuzzy direct MPPT controller is proposed to achieve asymptotic MPPT control in which the observer and controller gains are obtained by separately solving two sets of linear matrix inequalities.
Abstract: This paper presents maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control for stand-alone solar power generation systems via the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy-model-based approach. In detail, we consider a dc/dc buck converter to regulate the output power of the photovoltaic panel array. First, the system is represented by the T-S fuzzy model. Next, in order to reduce the number of measured signals, a T-S fuzzy observer is developed for state feedback. Then, a fuzzy direct MPPT controller is proposed to achieve asymptotic MPPT control, in which the observer and controller gains are obtained by separately solving two sets of linear matrix inequalities. Different from the traditional MPPT approaches, the proposed T-S fuzzy controller directly drives the system to the maximum power point without searching the maximum power point and measuring insolation. Furthermore, when considering disturbance and uncertainty, robust MPPT is guaranteed by advanced gain design. Therefore, the proposed method provides an easier implementation form under strict stability analysis. Finally, the control performance is shown from the numerical simulation and experimental results.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The development of the grid co-ordination rule and the scheme for improvement in power quality norms as per IEC-standard on the grid has been presented.
Abstract: Injection of the wind power into an electric grid affects the power quality. The performance of the wind turbine and thereby power quality are determined on the basis of measurements and the norms followed according to the guideline specified in International Electro-technical Commission standard, IEC-61400. The influence of the wind turbine in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are-the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation and these are measured according to national/international guidelines. The paper study demonstrates the power quality problem due to installation of wind turbine with the grid. In this proposed scheme STATic COMpensator (STATCOM) is connected at a point of common coupling with a battery energy storage system (BESS) to mitigate the power quality issues. The battery energy storage is integrated to sustain the real power source under fluctuating wind power. The STATCOM control scheme for the grid connected wind energy generation system for power quality improvement is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK in power system block set. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme relives the main supply source from the reactive power demand of the load and the induction generator. The development of the grid co-ordination rule and the scheme for improvement in power quality norms as per IEC-standard on the grid has been presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 2010-Energy
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present experimental results from the operation of a test bench constituted of a Grid-connected hybrid system, which includes wind and photovoltaic (PV) physical emulators, battery energy storage, load and a controlled interconnection to the Low Voltage (LV) grid.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
25 Jul 2010
TL;DR: It is shown how distributed control of reactive power can serve to regulate voltage and minimize resistive losses in a distribution circuit that includes a significant level of photovoltaic (PV) generation.
Abstract: We show how distributed control of reactive power can serve to regulate voltage and minimize resistive losses in a distribution circuit that includes a significant level of photovoltaic (PV) generation. To demonstrate the technique, we consider a radial distribution circuit with a single branch consisting of sequentially-arranged residential-scale loads that consume both real and reactive power. In parallel, some loads also have PV generation capability. We postulate that the inverters associated with each PV system are also capable of limited reactive power generation or consumption, and we seek to find the optimal dispatch of each inverter's reactive power to both maintain the voltage within an acceptable range and minimize the resistive losses over the entire circuit. We assume the complex impedance of the distribution circuit links and the instantaneous load and PV generation at each load are known. We compare the results of the optimal dispatch with a suboptimal local scheme that does not require any communication. On our model distribution circuit, we illustrate the feasibility of high levels of PV penetration and a significant (20% or higher) reduction in losses.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A “smart” microcontroller-based power management system with online power stage efficiency optimization and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is presented, experimentally evaluated using a new, more accurate four-quadrant rectenna model and circuit realization.
Abstract: For many years, wireless RF power transmission has been investigated as a viable method of power delivery in a wide array of applications, from high-power space solar power satellites to low-power wireless sensors. However, until recently, efficient application at the low sub-milliwatt power levels has not been realized due to limitations in available control circuitry. This paper presents a “smart” microcontroller-based power management system with online power stage efficiency optimization and maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The system is experimentally evaluated using a new, more accurate four-quadrant rectenna model and circuit realization that enables rigorous testing of the power management system for a wide range of rectenna arrays and power characteristics. Hardware results are presented with online optimization over a converter input power range from 10 μW to 1 mW. Results are also shown based on the application of harvesting RF power from a nearby cellular tower, where the power management system collects up to seven times more energy when compared to a direct battery connection.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental comparison of two algorithms developed in order to maximize the output power from a photovoltaic (PV) system for the same given set of conditions is presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new stand-alone wind-PV hybrid generation system is proposed for application to remote and isolated areas that can provide high efficiency with the use of maximum-power-point tracking methods.
Abstract: With ever-increasing concerns on energy issues, the development of renewable energy sources is becoming more and more attractive. This paper first reviews both the wind power and photovoltaic (PV) power generation techniques and their maximum-power-point tracking (MPPT) methods. Then, a new stand-alone wind-PV hybrid generation system is proposed for application to remote and isolated areas. For the wind power generation branch, a new doubly excited permanent-magnet brushless machine is used to capture the maximum wind power by using online flux control. For the PV power generation branch, a single-ended primary inductance converter is adopted to harness the maximum solar power by tuning the duty cycle. The experimental results confirm that the proposed hybrid generation system can provide high efficiency with the use of MPPT.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper describes a new maximum-power-point-tracking (MPPT) method focused on low-power (<; 1 W) photovoltaic (PV) panels, and the static and dynamic performance is theoretically analyzed, and design criteria are provided.
Abstract: This paper describes a new maximum-power-point-tracking (MPPT) method focused on low-power (<; 1 W) photovoltaic (PV) panels. The static and dynamic performance is theoretically analyzed, and design criteria are provided. A prototype was implemented with a 500-mW PV panel, a commercial boost converter, and low-power components for the MPPT controller. Laboratory measurements were performed to assess the effectiveness of the proposed method. Tracking efficiency was higher than 99.6%. The overall efficiency was higher than 92% for a PV panel power higher than 100 mW. This is, in part, feasible due to the low power consumption of the MPPT controller, which was kept lower than 350 μW. The time response of the tracking circuit was tested to be around 1 s. Field measurements showed energy gains higher than 10.3% with respect to a direct-coupled solution for an ambient temperature of 26°C. Higher gains are expected for lower temperatures.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
04 Nov 2010
TL;DR: A local control scheme that dispatches reactive power from each PV inverter based on local instantaneous measurements of the real and reactive components of the consumed power and the real power generated by the PVs is suggested.
Abstract: High penetration levels of distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation on an electrical distribution circuit may degrade power quality due to voltage sags and swells caused by rapidly varying PV generation during cloud transients coupled with the slow response of existing utility compensation and regulation equipment Fast-reacting, VAR-capable PV inverters may provide the necessary reactive power injection or consumption to maintain voltage regulation under difficult transient conditions As side benefit, the control of reactive power injection at each PV inverter provides a new tool for distribution utilities to minimize the thermal losses in circuit We suggest a local control scheme that dispatches reactive power from each PV inverter based on local instantaneous measurements of the real and reactive components of the consumed power and the real power generated by the PVs Using one adjustable parameter per circuit, we balance the requirements on power quality and desire to minimize thermal losses The performance of the proposed control scheme is evaluated via numerical simulations of realistic rural lines in several generation/consumption scenarios Simultaneous improvement of both the power quality and the magnitude of losses is observed for all the scenarios, even when the renewable generation in excess of the circuit own load

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the voltage regulation problem is addressed with a detailed analysis that starts with the modelling of the PV array and the converter, followed by study, design, simulation and practical experiments of three closed-loop control strategies for the buck converter.
Abstract: This study deals with the regulation of the output voltage of photovoltaic (PV) arrays. As a case study, the DC-DC buck converter is used as an interface between the PV array and the load, but other types of converters can be used for the same purpose. The input voltage of the converter is controlled in order to regulate the operating point of the array. Besides reducing losses and stress because of the bandwidth-limited regulation of the converter duty cycle, controlling the converter input voltage reduces the settling time and avoids oscillation and overshoot, making easier the functioning of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods. The voltage regulation problem is addressed with a detailed analysis that starts with the modelling of the PV array and the converter. This analysis is followed by study, design, simulation and practical experiments of three closed-loop control strategies for the buck converter. Control stability and implementation considerations are presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a novel maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT) algorithm for grid-connected wind energy generation systems (WEGS) is presented, which is a rapid tracking algorithm that uses the fact that the value of?s,? an intermediate variable, especially defined for the purpose, remains constant ( =sMPP ) for a given WEGS at the MPP irrespective of the wind velocity.
Abstract: This paper presents a novel maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT) algorithm for grid-connected wind energy generation systems (WEGS). This is a rapid tracking algorithm that uses the fact that the value of ?s,? an intermediate variable, especially defined for the purpose, remains constant ( =sMPP ) for a given WEGS at the MPP irrespective of the wind velocity. The value of sMPP is known in advance. The algorithm works in two stages. In the first stage, it uses large steps to quickly drive the operating point to lie within a narrow band with limits smax and smin. In the second stage, exact MPP is tracked using the ?perturb and observe? method. No extra hardware or measurements (sensors) are required compared to the existing algorithms. Hence, the cost is not increased. Application of the proposed algorithm to an example WEGS shows that the time taken by the system to reach MPP is much smaller compared to most of the existing algorithms. A prototype matrix converter has been developed for grid interfacing and the proposed MPPT scheme has been implemented in conjunction with Venturini and space-vector-modulation-based switching schemes. All the results of this study are presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The paper presents an algorithmic technique to accurately track the maximum power point (MPP) of a PV array using an APPSO, which uses only one pair of sensors to control multiple PV arrays and results in lower cost and higher accuracy.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an analytical model of a photovoltaic (PV) power system for studying the effects of partial shading and different orientation of PV modules is presented, although limited to the case of series PV modules and composed of complicated non-linear implicit functions.
Abstract: Analytical modelling of a photovoltaic (PV) power system for studying the effects of partial shading and different orientation of PV modules is presented. The proposed analytical model, although limited to the case of series PV modules and composed of complicated non-linear implicit functions, allows several important electrical characteristics of a PV system, such as I - V curve, open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, maximum power and reverse voltage, to be investigated and presented in two- and three-dimensional graphs to provide in-depth physical interpretation of the issue.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
Jawad Ahmad1
25 Oct 2010
TL;DR: An MPPT circuit in which the sampling interval of the PV array voltage, and the sampling period have been shortened is proposed, which is suitable for low cost photovoltaic applications.
Abstract: In this paper a fractional open circuit voltage based maximum power point tracker (MPPT) for photovoltaic (PV) arrays is proposed. The fractional open circuit voltage based MPPT utilizes the fact that the PV array voltage corresponding to the maximum power exhibits a linear dependence with respect to array open circuit voltage for different irradiation and temperature levels. This method is the simplest of all the MPPT methods described in the literature. The main disadvantage of this method is that the PV array is disconnected from the load after regular intervals for the sampling of the array voltage. This results in power loss. Another disadvantage is that if the duration between two successive samplings of the array voltage, called the sampling period, is too long, there is a considerable loss. This is because the output voltage of the PV array follows the unchanged reference during one sampling period. Once a maximum power point (MPP) is tracked and a change in irradiation occurs between two successive samplings, then the new MPP is not tracked until the next sampling of the PV array voltage. This paper proposes an MPPT circuit in which the sampling interval of the PV array voltage, and the sampling period have been shortened. The sample and hold circuit, which samples and holds the MPP voltage, has also been simplified. The proposed circuit does not utilize expensive microcontroller or a digital signal processor and is thus suitable for low cost photovoltaic applications.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the performance of PV inverters under unbalanced voltage sags was investigated and three different control algorithms for calculating the continuous values of the control parameters were proposed to give adjustable power quality characteristics that cannot be achieved with previous control schemes.
Abstract: The power quality of a three-phase photovoltaic (PV) inverter drastically deteriorates in the presence of grid faults with unbalanced voltages. A ripple in the injected power and an increase in the current harmonic distortion are the main noticeable adverse effects produced by this abnormal grid situation. Several grid-fault control schemes are nowadays available for operating under unbalanced grid voltage. These control schemes usually have extreme power quality characteristics. Some of them have been conceived to completely avoid power ripple during unbalanced voltage sags, but at an expense of high current harmonic distortion. With other schemes, the harmonic distortion is totally eliminated but at an expense of high ripple in the injected power. This paper further explores the performance of PV inverters under unbalanced voltage sags. It has three theoretical contributions: 1) a generalized control scheme, which includes the aforementioned grid-fault controllers as particular cases; 2) a control strategy based on the use of continuous values for the control parameters. This original approach gives adjustable power quality characteristics that cannot be achieved with the previous control schemes; 3) three different control algorithms for calculating the continuous values of the control parameters. These contributions are experimentally validated with a digital signal processor-based laboratory prototype.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
04 Nov 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of a complex smart grid control scheme using simulation to model both the communication network and the power system is presented. Butts et al. use simulation to evaluate the effect of communication failures as a function of the radio frequency (RF) transmission power level.
Abstract: Our analysis of a complex Smart Grid control scheme uses simulation to model both the communication network and the power system. The control scheme uses a wireless communication network to activate distributed storage units in a segment of the electrical grid to compensate for temporary loss of power from a solar photovoltaic (PV) array. Our analytical model of the communication network provides a means to examine the effect of communication failures as a function of the radio frequency (RF) transmission power level. We use these results in an open source event-driven simulator to determine the impact on the electrical power system.

01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: Comparisons are presented between two most popular algorithms technique which is incremental conductance algorithm and perturb and observe algorithm for performance evaluation on energy point.
Abstract: These techniques vary in many aspects as simplicity, digital or analogical implementation, sensor required, convergence speed, range of effectiveness, implementation hardware, popularity, cost and in other aspects. This paper presents in details comparative study between two most popular algorithms technique which is incremental conductance algorithm and perturb and observe algorithm. Three different converter buck, boost and cuk converter use for comparative in this study. Few comparison such as efficiency, voltage, current and power out put for each different combination has been recorded. Multi changes in irradiance, temperature by keeping voltage and current as main sensed parameter been done in the simulation. Matlab simulink tools have been used for performance evaluation on energy point. Simulation will consider different solar irradiance and temperature variations.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the performance characteristics of a directly connected photovoltaic (PV) pumping system and a scheme utilizing a constant voltage maximum power point tracking algorithm are compared.
Abstract: This paper presents a comparative investigation of the performance characteristics of a directly connected photovoltaic (PV) pumping system and a scheme utilizing a constant voltage maximum power point tracking algorithm. A simple and accurate model is developed for each individual component of the system based on its measured characteristics and the system is simulated numerically. System performance is analyzed and energy utilization efficiency is calculated for different weather conditions. A detailed comparison identifying the advantages and drawbacks of each technique is presented. Experimental results obtained using a 1080-Wp PV array connected to a 1-kW permanent magnet dc motor-centrifugal pump set show very good agreement with the numerical simulation of the systems.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 2010-Energy
TL;DR: In this article, a Wilcoxon radial basis function network (WRBFN) with hill-climb searching (HCS) MPPT strategy is proposed for a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) with a variable-speed wind turbine.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller with an adaptive compensation control is first proposed for a microscale wind power generation system (WPGS) based on the adaptive control, the dynamic response is improved and more wind energy can be captured during wind velocity variations.
Abstract: In this paper, a novel maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller with an adaptive compensation control is first proposed for a microscale wind power generation system (WPGS) Based on the adaptive control, the dynamic response is improved and more wind energy can be captured during wind velocity variations For cost and reliability consideration, no mechanical sensors are used in this proposed WPGS A single-stage ac-to-dc converter is then proposed to replace the traditional two-stage converter and incorporate the MPPT control for achieving higher efficiency and lower total harmonic distortion (THD) To further improve the efficiency of the converter, a quasi-synchronous rectification (QSR) algorithm is proposed to control the active switches for reducing the conduction loss of the body diodes The analytic closed form duty ratios of the corresponding active switches are also derived for easy implementation Furthermore, a prototype system is constructed and the proposed MPPT controller and QSR algorithm are both implemented using a DSP, namely, TMS320F2812 Some experimental results are given to verify the validity of the proposed microscale WPGS It is found that the total output energy can be increased by 13% for the microscale WPGS