Topic
Meiosis
About: Meiosis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 9698 publications have been published within this topic receiving 369854 citations. The topic is also known as: meiotic cell cycle & GO:0051321.
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TL;DR: Findings suggest a functional interaction between BRCA1 and Rad51 in the meiotic and mitotic cell cycles, which, in turn, suggests a role for BRC a1 in the control of recombination and of genome integrity.
1,484 citations
TL;DR: The current article reviews recent information on diverse aspects of chromosome morphogenesis, notably relationships between sisters, development of axial structure, and variations in chromatin status in an historical context.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract Meiotic chromosomes have been studied for many years, in part because of the fundamental life processes they represent, but also because meiosis involves the formation of homolog pairs, ...
1,206 citations
TL;DR: DMC1 phenotypes provide further evidence that recombination and SC formation are interrelated processes and are consistent with a requirement for DNA-DNA interactions during SC formation, and additional evidence suggests that arrest occurs at a meiosis-specific cell cycle "checkpoint" in response to a primary defect in prophase chromosome metabolism.
1,142 citations
TL;DR: Findings indicate that the ATM gene product plays an essential role in a diverse group of cellular processes, including meiosis, the normal growth of somatic tissues, immune development, and tumor suppression.
Abstract: ATM, the gene mutated in the inherited human disease ataxia-telangiectasia, is a member of a family of kinases involved in DNA metabolism and cell-cycle checkpoint control. To help clarify the physiological roles of the ATM protein, we disrupted the ATM gene in mice through homologous recombination. Initial evaluation of the ATM knockout animals indicates that inactivation of the mouse ATM gene recreates much of the phenotype of ataxia-telangiectasia. The homozygous mutant (ATM-/-) mice are viable, growth-retarded, and infertile. The infertility of ATM-/- mice results from meiotic failure. Meiosis is arrested at the zygotene/pachytene stage of prophase I as a result of abnormal chromosomal synapsis and subsequent chromosome fragmentation. Immune defects also are evident in ATM-/- mice, including reduced numbers of B220+CD43- pre-B cells, thymocytes, and peripheral T cells, as well as functional impairment of T-cell-dependent immune responses. The cerebella of ATM-/- mice appear normal by histologic examination at 3 to 4 months and the mice have no gross behavioral abnormalities. The majority of mutant mice rapidly develop thymic lymphomas and die before 4 months of age. These findings indicate that the ATM gene product plays an essential role in a diverse group of cellular processes, including meiosis, the normal growth of somatic tissues, immune development, and tumor suppression.
873 citations
TL;DR: New research has identified proteins that hold sisters together while they are aligned on the metaphase plate and shed insight into the mechanisms that dissolve sister chromatid cohesion during both mitosis and meiosis.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract The separation of sister chromatids at the metaphase to anaphase transition is one of the most dramatic of all cellular events and is a crucial aspect of all sexual and asexual reproduction. The molecular basis for this process has until recently remained obscure. New research has identified proteins that hold sisters together while they are aligned on the metaphase plate. It has also shed insight into the mechanisms that dissolve sister chromatid cohesion during both mitosis and meiosis. These findings promise to provide insights into defects in chromosome segregation that occur in cancer cells and into the pathological pathways by which aneuploidy arises during meiosis.
793 citations