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Membrane lipids
About: Membrane lipids is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6910 publications have been published within this topic receiving 409561 citations.
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15 Apr 1976
TL;DR: Several processes at biological membranes can be simulated by experiments with artificial lipid bilayer membranes, including the uncoupler induced proton permeability of lipid bilayers, the initiation of action potential like voltage responses in lipid membranes, and the reconstitution of active cation pumps across planar lipid bil layers or lipid vesicles.
Abstract: Several processes at biological membranes can be simulated by experiments with artificial lipid bilayer membranes. Three selected examples are discussed: The uncoupler induced proton permeability of lipid bilayers, the initiation of action potential like voltage responses in lipid membranes, and the reconstitution of active cation pumps across planar lipid bilayers or lipid vesicles.
TL;DR: Talks at the Minisymposium on “Membrane Traffic: Dynamic and Regulation” featured how Rab-and Arf-family GTPases, together with diverse phospholipids, most notably phosphoinositides, control key cell functions ranging from plasma membrane compartmentalization to organelle contacts, endosomal fission, cell motility, intracellular signaling, and cell cycle progression.
Abstract: Essentially all aspects of eukaryotic cell physiology depend on their compartmentalization and on membrane flux between these compartments mediated by small GTPases and their regulators, as well as by specific membrane lipids (Behnia and Munro, 2005 ). Talks at the Minisymposium on “Membrane Traffic: Dynamic and Regulation” featured how Rab-and Arf-family GTPases, together with diverse phospholipids, most notably phosphoinositides (Balla, 2013 ), control key cell functions ranging from plasma membrane compartmentalization to organelle contacts, endosomal fission, cell motility, intracellular signaling, and cell cycle progression.
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: All patients with Gaucher’s disease, regardless of whether they have the non-neuronopathic form (type 1) or one of the neuronopathic forms (types 2 and 3), are profoundly deficient in lysosomal glucocerebrosidase activity.
Abstract: All patients with Gaucher’s disease, regardless of whether they have the non-neuronopathic form (type 1) or one of the neuronopathic forms (types 2 and 3), are profoundly deficient in lysosomal glucocerebrosidase activity. That the activity of glucocerebrosidase from normal spleen, liver, and brain has a near absolute lipid requirement is conveniently demonstrated by extracting the enzyme preparation sequentially with a bile salt (e.g., sodium cholate) and ice-cold n-butanol (1). This process, by delipidating the enzyme, renders glucocerebrosidase inactive. The inactive enzyme from spleen of controls and patients with type 1 Gaucher’s disease can be extensively reconstituted with exogenous acidic lipids (e.g., phosphatidylserine, galactocerebroside-3-sulfate, GM1) or the bile salt sodium taurodeoxycholate (2,3). The mutant glucocerebrosidase of the more severely affected type 2 patients, either before or after sodium cholate extraction and n-butanol delipidation, cannot be activated by the inclusion of bile salts or any of the above-mentioned acidic natural membrane lipids in the assay medium.
TL;DR: In this article, the distribution of the ordering parameter of raft-like microdomains in the mitochondrial membranes of halophytes, which differ in the type of salt tolerance, was analyzed by measuring generalized polarization (GP) of the Laurdan fluorescence.
Abstract: We analyzed the distribution of the ordering parameter of raft-like microdomains in the mitochondrial membranes of halophytes, which differ in the type of salt tolerance: Salicornia perennans, Halocnemum strobilaceum, and Artemisia santonica. The packing density of the membrane lipids (lipid order) was assessed by measuring generalized polarization (GP) of the Laurdan fluorescence. In the mitochondrial membrane material of S. perennans, H. strobilaceum, and A. santonica, in the range of 15 and 25% of the sucrose density gradient, the GP distributions contain 4–6 components presumably related to the raft structures. Lipids isolated from ordered domains are enriched in sterols, cerebrosides, and saturated fatty acids; the quantitative content of raft-forming lipids depends on the salt tolerance strategy of halophytes.