Showing papers on "Mental health published in 1971"
Journal Article•
261 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: Szasz as mentioned in this paper examines the similarities between the Inquisition and institutional psychiatry and shows that belief in mental illness and the social actions to which it leads have the same moral implications and political consequences as had the belief in witchcraft.
Abstract: In this seminal work, Dr. Szasz examines the similarities between the Inquisition and institutional psychiatry. His purpose is to show "that the belief in mental illness and the social actions to which it leads have the same moral implications and political consequences as had the belief in witchcraft and the social actions to which it led."
242 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors studied Chinese-American personality and mental health and found that Chinese-Americans were more likely to suffer from depression than other ethnicities. Amerasia Journal: Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 36-49.
Abstract: (1971). Chinese-American Personality And Mental Health. Amerasia Journal: Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 36-49.
222 citations
TL;DR: Certain cultural and social factors, particularly role expectations and values, are discussed as possible factors helping to account for the relationships found between life crises and psychiatric impairment.
Abstract: This is a report on relationships between life crises and psychiatric impairment in a community sample of 938 adults in New Haven, Connecticut.It is part of a longitudinal study of the population of a community mental health center catchment area. The theoretical framework for the paper finds its roots in two bodies of socio-medical literature, namely, stress research and epidemiological field studies of mental illness. The specific research question is to determine whether or not there is a relationship between the occurrence of life events, the patterning of such events and the degree of psychological impairment. As in other field studies, we discovered a significant amount of psychiatric impairment in the community. Eighteen per cent of the adults interviewed were classified as having a high symptom level (very impaired), 47 per cent as a medium symptom level (moderately impaired), and 35 per cent as a low symptom level (unimpaired). More important, we found significant relationships between these scores and the occurrence of life events in the year previous to our interview. First, the greater the degree of impairment the more likely is the individual to have experienced at least one of 62 life events for which we gathered information. Equally important, there is a very strong association between the number of events experienced and the individual's mental status: the greater the number of events reported by respondents, the greater the proportional difference between the percentage of unimpaired and the percentage of very impaired who experienced that number of events. When events are categorized according to type of social activity, changes in the respondent's social field and degree of desirability impairment are strongly and positively related to the experiencing of life crises. Finally, similar patterns are found for each of the individual life events with the exception of several biopsychosocial situations associated with the family developmental cycle.Certain cultural and social factors, particularly role expectations and values, are discussed as possible factors helping to account for the relationshipsfound above between life crises and psychiatric impairment.
198 citations
159 citations
137 citations
TL;DR: This definitive report opens with a brief, impassioned look at the tragic lack of any unified commitment to children and youth, followed by the many recommendations, which range from the impact of contemporary American society on family life and on mental health of children and Youth, to poverty and mental health, the children of minority groups, and the innovative use of human resources for human services.
Abstract: Crisis in Child Mental Health is a 500-page report to the Congress of the United States, representing three years of exhaustive study by the Joint Commission on Mental Health of Children. This definitive report opens with a brief, impassioned look at the tragic lack of any unified commitment to children and youth. In the next hundred pages are the many recommendations, followed by separate chapters of rich documentation. These subjects range from the impact of contemporary American society on family life and on mental health of children and youth, to poverty and mental health, the children of minority groups, and the innovative use of human resources for human services. The sheer range and diversity of these recommendations defies summary. This richness is at once the report's greatest strength and its gravest potential weakness. With such a broad social sweep some may be tempted to dismiss it as trying to be
117 citations
TL;DR: Mental health professionals are needed who possess both fluency in Spanish and sensitive understanding of the culture of the Mexican-American poor.
Abstract: Attitudes towards mental illness and the usage of language are related; both reflect cultural distinctions with lasting psychological involvements. Mental health professionals are needed who possess both fluency in Spanish and sensitive understanding of the culture of the Mexican-American poor.
116 citations
TL;DR: Variations by sex, age, marital status, and social class suggest that relevant differences be considered when clinical judgments of adjustment are made concerning former psychiatric patients.
Abstract: The social behavior and adjustment of 450 nonpatients, randomly drawn from the general population of a metropolitan county, were measured by a rating scale widely used in mental health research: the Katz Adjustment Scales. Variations by sex, age, marital status, and social class suggest that relevant differences be considered when clinical judgments of adjustment are made concerning former psychiatric patients. The field study relies on the reports of a close family member and focuses exclusively on current behavior. These methodologic innovations frequently confirm, but at times challenge, the results of previous studies. Results are presented with a view toward enhancing empirically defined definitions of normality.
113 citations
TL;DR: The difficulties of organizing mental health services in developing countries are made all the greater by inadequacy of information about the extent of illness and disability.
Abstract: A study to assess the nature and extent of mental disorders in a rural community was undertaken in three paras of Nasibpur village in West Bengal The high prevalence rate of 27 per 1,000 population was found, with significant variations in the rates and diagnostic patterns of mental disorders in the three population groups The planning of an adequate mental health programme is regarded as a national priority
TL;DR: Data from a mail-questionnaire study of adults in Alameda County, California, were used to replicate the essentials of Langner's analyses in the second volume of the Midtown Manhattan Study, but employing as a presumptive mental-health measure an eight-item Index of Psychological Well-Being.
Abstract: Data from a mail-questionnaire study of adults in Alameda County, California, were used to replicate the essentials of Langner's analyses in the second volume of the Midtown Manhattan Study, but employing as a presumptive mental-health measure an eight-item Index of Psychological Well-Being. The results parallel the reported Midtown associations between selected stress factors and mental health as rated by psychiatrists from extensive interview evidence. The concordant findings suggest that both the Midtown psychiatrists' ratings and the Index of Psychological Well-Being may pertain to essentially the same psychological dimension.
TL;DR: Initial interviews of psychiatric patients, obtained and typed by a LINC computer were found to be useful to psychotherapists in making psychiatric evaluations and the psychiatric patients studied seemed to be as satisfied with computerized interviews as they are with those of physicians.
Abstract: This study gathered data supporting the following conclusions about a computer-based psychiatric history system. (1) Initial interviews of psychiatric patients, obtained and typed by a LINC computer were found to be useful to psychotherapists in making psychiatric evaluations. (2) The psychiatric patients studied seemed to be as satisfied with computerized interviews as they are with those of physicians. (3) Further research is needed to adequately assess the possible therapeutic value of computerized initial interviews for patients who require only one informative, reassuring mental health clinic visit.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The Reactions of Family Systems to Sudden and Unexpected Death and Crisis Intervention in Acute Grief.
Abstract: AUTHOR Williams, W. Vail; And Others TITLE The Reactions of Family Systems to Sudden and Unexpected Death. Crisis Intervention in Acute Grief. INSTITUTION Fort Logan Mental Health Center, Denver, Colo. SPONS AGENCY National Inst. of Mental Health (DREW), Bethesda, Md. PUB DATE Sep 70 NOTE 19p.; Papers presented at the National Council on Family Relations Convention, Chicago, Illinois, October 7-10, 1970 and the 22nd Institute of. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, September, 1970
TL;DR: A ten-year follow-up of 886 shoplifters showed clear differences between women and men, with men tended to have previous convictions and to steal books (unknown in women), and the rate of admission to hospital for women shoplifting is three times higher than average.
Abstract: A ten-year follow-up of 886 shoplifters showed clear differences between women and men. Men tended to have previous convictions and to steal books (unknown in women). Of the 532 women nearly one third were foreign-born, and this group comprised 46% of offenders aged 17-30. The peak age among British women was 51-60. First offenders accounted for 80% of the women, and their reconviction rate was 11%; among those with any kind of previous conviction the rate was 50%. The rate of admission to hospital for women shoplifters is three times higher than average.
TL;DR: The relationship between onset of serious mental disorder and the occurrence of 37 crisis or stress events was studied and two markers, divorce/separation and onset of drinking in a family member, tended to precede the onset of mental disorder.
Abstract: The relationship between onset of serious mental disorder and the occurrence of 37 crisis or stress events was studied as a potential focus for a preventive community program. Seven life-events occurring within one year prior to treatment were associated with serious mental disorder: being hospitalized for mental disorder, suicidal attempt, trouble with the police, onset of heavy drinking, loss of job, divorce/separation, and a family member beginning heavy drinking. None of these risk-markers were specifically related to diagnosis, though most markers were associated with alcoholism. Only two markers, divorce/separation and onset of drinking in a family member, tended to precede the onset of mental disorder. These markers may be useful as foci for a primary prevention program. A population-wide approach to prevention of major mental disorder awaits a clearer identification of factors which can be controlled.
TL;DR: The community mental health approach unavoidably, if not deliberately, confronts and breaks down the boundaries of other deviance management systems and appropriates some of their territories.
Abstract: Every system of deviance definition and management must address three basic questions: (1) Who shall be defined as deviant and in need of management? (2) Who shall be the legitimate agents in defining and managing the deviant, and what shall be their respective roles? (3) What shall be done to or for the deviant? In contrast to both the legal and traditional mental health systems, which oifer delimited responses to these questions, the community mental health system, in both philosophy and practice, offers such all-inclusive responses that it is developing into a boundaryless system of deviance definition and management. The community mental health approach unavoidably, if not deliberately, confronts and breaks down the boundaries of other deviance management systems and appropriates some of their territories. Of particular significance are the implications of these developments for the future articulation of the legal and mental health systems.
TL;DR: Results indicated a majority had some (limited) experience with (predominantly male) homosexuals, most would use but few preferred group therapy for homosexuals, treatment goals were mixed, change of sex orientation in treatment was minor, but belief in its possibility widespread.
Abstract: A random sample of 163 professional therapists in private practice in the San Francisco Bay Area were surveyed on their attitudes toward treatment of homosexuals, diagnostic categories, and other matters. Results indicated a majority had some (limited) experience with (predominantly male) homosexuals, most would use but few preferred group therapy for homosexuals, treatment goals were mixed, change of sex orientation in treatment was minor, but belief in its possibility widespread; there was considerable disagreement with some diagnostic categories, little support for mandatory treatment, near-unanimity on liberalization of the law, widespread support for non-exclusionary employment policies.
TL;DR: In this article, a feminist interpretation of mental illness based on national statistics, mental health surveys, psychological and sociological experiments, psychological analytic theories and practices, and on an original study is presented.
Abstract: This paper presents a feminist interpretation of mental illness based on national statistics, mental health surveys, psychological and sociological experiments, psychological analytic theories and practices, and on an original study. An analysis of NIMH statistics revealed that 125,351 more women than men have been psychiatrically hospitalized from 1964-1968. From 1950-1968, 223,268 more women than men were hospitalized in state mental asylums. Female patients generally outnumber males in private treatment, and both significantly prefer a male rather than a female therapist. These facts are discussed as one of the effects of sex-role stereotyping and the oppression of women.
TL;DR: A study designed to assess stability and change in mental health over a five-year period showed a tendency toward stabilization of mental health status, and when there was change, it was usually in the direction of recovery.
Abstract: The author describes a study designed to assess stability and change in mental health over a five-year period, using 123 subjects chosen from the larger Stirling County survey sample. The results showed: 1) a tendency toward stabilization of mental health status, and 2) when there was change, it was usually in the direction of recovery. The subjects were grouped into four main types of mental health status; the differences among the groups in demographic characteristics and psychological attributes are described.
TL;DR: One that the authors will refer to break the boredom in reading is choosing crisis in child mental health challenge for the 1970s forward by abrhaham a ribicoff as the reading material.
Abstract: Introducing a new hobby for other people may inspire them to join with you. Reading, as one of mutual hobby, is considered as the very easy hobby to do. But, many people are not interested in this hobby. Why? Boring is the reason of why. However, this feel actually can deal with the book and time of you reading. Yeah, one that we will refer to break the boredom in reading is choosing crisis in child mental health challenge for the 1970s forward by abrhaham a ribicoff as the reading material.