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Metaphase

About: Metaphase is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6925 publications have been published within this topic receiving 291590 citations. The topic is also known as: GO:0007091 & mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The potential uses of FISH continue to increase with each new technical innovation, and one of the biggest impacts has been in the field of detection and diagnosis of human malignancies.

470 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two patients with retinoblastoma and an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 13 were studied using G-banded metaphase and prophase chromosomes and it is now possible to tentatively assign a predisposition to retinOBlastoma to deletion of a specific small region of chromosome13.
Abstract: • Two patients with retinoblastoma and an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 13 were studied using G-banded metaphase and prophase chromosomes. One patient showed several congenital defects, developmental retardation, and deletion of bands q14 and q21. The second patient showed mild developmental delay, a few minor congenital defects, and a loss of approximately half of band q14. On the basis of this study and nine others from the literature, it is now possible to tentatively assign a predisposition to retinoblastoma to deletion of a specific small region of chromosome 13. ( Am J Dis Child 132:161-163, 1978)

459 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Taylor Jh1
TL;DR: The study has led to the hypothesis that various chromosomes or parts of chromosomes have a genetically controlled sequence in duplication which may have some functional significance.
Abstract: Chromosome duplication (DNA synthesis) was studied in cultured cells of Chinese hamsters by means of autoradiography following thymidine-H(3) incorporation. The technique used was to expose an asynchronously dividing population of rapidly growing cells for a 10 minute interval to a medium with thymidine-H(3). Cells were then transferred to a medium with excess unlabeled thymidine. The population was sampled at intervals thereafter and studies made of the frequency of labeled interphases and division figures, and the patterns of labeling of specific chromosomes. The average generation time during these experiments was about 14 hours. DNA synthesis occurred during an interval of about 6 hours and stopped 2 to 3 hours before metaphase. After metaphase the chromosomes usually begin duplication again within 5 to 6 hours. Grain counting, to estimate the amount of tritium incorporated after a short contact with thymidine-H(3) and at intervals after transfer to a medium with excess unlabeled thymidine, indicated that the intracellular pool of labeled precursors was diluted within less than a minute so that further labeling would not be detected. The chromosomes labeled during the contact period retained their precise pattern of labeling through another duplication cycle and no turnover of DNA or loss of tritium was detectable. Five or 6 chromosomes of the complement have segments typically late in duplication. Two of these are the X and Y chromosomes. The long arm of the X chromosome and the whole Y chromosome are duplicated in the last half of the interval of DNA synthesis. The short arm of the X chromosome in a male strain is duplicated in the first half of the interval. In another strain (female), one X chromosome had the same timing, but the other one was all duplicated in the last half of the period of DNA synthesis. The DNA in the short arms of 2 medium sized chromosomes, as well as most of the DNA in 1 or 2 of the smallest chromosomes of the complement was replicated late. The study has led to the hypothesis that various chromosomes or parts of chromosomes have a genetically controlled sequence in duplication which may have some functional significance.

457 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that chromosome demethylation is associated with each DNA replication and suggest that a passive mechanism predominates during early development.
Abstract: DNA methylation patterns were evaluated during preimplantation mouse development by analyzing the binding of monoclonal antibody to 5-methylcytosine (5-MeC) on metaphase chromosomes. Specific chromosome patterns were observed in each cell stage. A banding pattern predominated in chromosomes at the one-cell stage. Banding was replaced at the two-cell stage by an asymmetrical labeling of the sister chromatids. Then, the proportion of asymmetrical chromosomes decreased by one-half at each cell division until the blastocyst stage, and chromosomes became progressively symmetrical and weakly labeled. Our results indicate that chromosome demethylation is associated with each DNA replication and suggest that a passive mechanism predominates during early development.

456 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A single cell was removed from each of 30 human embryos at the 6-10 cell cleavage stage three days after in-vitro fertilisation, and each male embryo was sexed from the DNA by amplification of a repeated sequence specific for the Y chromosome.

456 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202373
2022116
202182
202087
2019113
201888