Showing papers on "Methacrylic acid published in 1973"

Photosensitive element comprising photopolymerizable layer and protective layer

Abstract: A photosensitive element comprising, in order, 1. A SUPPORT, 2. A LAYER OF A PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIAL AND 3. A PROTECTIVE LAYER HAVING A THICKNESS OF ABOUT 0.5 TO 20 MICRONS, SAID PROTECTIVE LAYER BEING TRANSPARENT TO ACTINIC RADIATION, SUBSTANTIALLY IMPERMEABLE TO OXYGEN, INSOLUBLE TO WATER, NON-STRIPPABLE AS AN UNSUPPORTED FILM AND COMPOSED OF A COPOLYMER HAVING A DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION OF ABOUT 100 TO 1,000 AND BEING OBTAINED BY REACTION BETWEEN A. ABOUT 10 TO 70 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF AN UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ACRYLIC ACID, METHACRYLIC ACID AND ITACONIC ACID AND B. A MIXTURE OF ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS, SAID MIXTURE COMPRISING (I) UP TO ABOUT 40 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF AT LEAST ONE ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED COMPOUND, AS A HARD COMPONENT, SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF STYRENE, ALPHA-METHYLSTYRENE, METHYL METHACRYLATE, ACRYLONITRILE AND METHACRYLONITRILE AND (II) ABOUT 50 TO 30 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF AT LEAST ONE ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED COMPOUND, AS A SOFT COMPONENT, SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF METHYL ACRYLATE, ETHYL ACRYLATE, N-PROPYL ACRYLATE, N-BUTYL ACRYLATE, 2-ETHYLHEXYL ACRYLATE AND N-OCTYL METHACRYLATE.

Process for the preparation of methacrylic acid from methacrolein

Abstract: Catalysts containing tungsten, phosphorus, vanadium, molybdenum, and promoted with at least one of the elements selected from the group selected from Sn, As, Cu, Ce, B, Cr, Fe, Ni, Co, U, Mn, Ag, Ru, Rh, Cd, Sr, In, Zn, and La have been found to be especially effective for the oxidation of unsaturated aldehydes to form the corresponding unsaturated acid.

Photopolymerizable compositions and elements and uses thereof

Abstract: Novel photopolymerizable compositions comprise an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which is a bisacryloyl derivative of p- or m-hydroxy or amino benzoic acid, a film-forming carboxylated polymeric binder and a photoactivatable polymerization initiator. These compositions are easily developed with alkaline solutions and can be used to prepare resists, printing plates, and other photomechanical images. Terpolymer binders of methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate and methacrylic acid present in proportions of from 40 to 65 percent, 20 to 45 percent and 10 to 25 percent, respectively, on a mole basis, have been found to produce resist compositions of exceptionally clean developing characteristics which are substantially free of microresidues.

Hydrophilic gel terpolymers from hydrophilic n-vinyl monomers, hydroxyalkyl acrylates or methacrylates and polymerizable unsaturated carboxylic acids

Abstract: A hydrophilic terpolymer suitable for manufacture into shaped articles, said terpolymer being substantially the polymerization product of hydroxyalkyl acrylate or methacrylate, a vinyl comonomer having a high affinity for water, e.g. N-vinyl pyrrolidone, and a polymerizable, unsaturated carboxylic acid, e.g. methacrylic or acrylic acid. The terpolymer is particularly adaptable for use as a contact lens by bringing it in contact with a buffered aqueous alkaline solution thereby affording a hydrogel having a water content between about 55-85% by weight of the total. A preferred embodiment of the invention is the polymerization product of a reaction mixture comprising 30-50% by weight of vinyl pyrrolidone, up to about 3% of a crosslinking agent such as ethylene glycol di-methacrylate, methacrylic acid amounting to about 0.25--3.5% by weight, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate which constitutes the balance.

Method for imparting pressure sensitive adhesion to velvet type fasteners

Abstract: Velvet type fasteners are imparted with pressure sensitive adhesion by applying to the respective back surfaces of the male and female pieces of a velvet type fastener, a composition consisting of: 100 parts by weight of a polymer, containing at least 65 percent mol of an ester of an acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight of glycidyl ester of an unsaturated organic acid; from 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a zirconyl salt of organic acid, and; from 0.01 to 0.1 part by weight of a volatile acid addition salt of organic amine.

Modified vinyl ester resin and pipe made therefrom

Abstract: A flexible crack-resistant and chemically resistant thermosetting vinyl ester resin is produced by co-reacting an epoxy resin, a carboxyl terminated elastomer and an unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, such as acrylic or methacrylic acid. The neat resin is miscible and copolymerizable with ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as styrene. A novel cast pipe utilizes the resin of the invention as an unreinforced crack-resistant inner lining. This abstract is neither intended to define the invention of the application which, of course, is measured by the claims, nor is it intended to be limiting as to the scope of the invention in any way.

Powder coating compositions

Abstract: A thermosetting acrylic powder coating composition which comprises an acrylic resin having glycidyl groups in the molecule and a glass transition temperature of 40degree to 85degreeC and at least one of aliphatic dibasic acids, anhydrides thereof and substances producing said dibasic acids under a curing condition; said acrylic resin being a copolymer of 1 50 to 945 weight percent of at least one alkyl esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, 2 05 to 10 weight percent of at least one of hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and 3 5 to 40 weight percent of at least one of glycidyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate; and said aliphatic dibasic acid having the formula of in which R is a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 11 carbon atoms

Pressure-sensitive adhesive and pressure-sensitive adhesive tape or drape

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive comprising as a main constituent a copolymer prepared by copolymerizing an alkyl acrylate with 2 to 6 mol% of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and 0.002 to 0.05 mol% of a polyfunctional compound having at least 2 non-conjugated carbon-to-carbon double bonds per molecule.

Hydrophilic nitrite copolymers

Abstract: A composition of matter with improved mechanical properties which contain 2 - 50 mol. percent of methacrylonitrile or acrylonitrile and 50 - 98 mol. percent of glycol monoesters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, where the glycol is selected from the group comprising ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and their mixtures. 0.1 - 30 mol. percent of the glycol monoesters may be substituted by a crosslinking agent selected from the group comprising 1,4-cyclohexanedimethyl dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexamethylene-bis-acrylamide, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, methylene-bis-acrylamide, ethylene-bis-acrylamide. Also hydrogen catalysts of compositions bonded to platinum, palladium or rhodium metal. A process for producing the matter, wherein glycol esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid are copolymerized with methacrylonitrile or acrylonitrile, if desired in the presence of a crosslinking agent.

Effects of solvent in photo-induced graft copolymerization of vinyl monomers on cellulose

Abstract: The effects of swelling of the sample and polymerization solvents were studied for photo-induced graft copolymerization of vinyl monomers on cellulose. The graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was activated by swelling of the sample or organic solvent-water solutions within a certain range of their concentrations. Though each organic solvent gave a maximum in per cent grafting and the number of grafts at about 25 vol-% concentration, the initiation reaction scarcely took place at 100% concentration; thus, the solvent itself is considered to have a negative effect. The solvents used in the experiments were all hydrophilic, such as methanol, acetone, and dioxane. The average molecular weight of the grafted PMMA differed in each solvent, indicating a different characteristic effect of solvent on the growing grafted polymer radicals. The presence of ferric ion as a sensitizer stimulated further the contributions of the sample swelling and the organic solvents to the copolymerization reaction. A similar effect was observed for styrene as for MMA, but not for acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.

Synthetic lubricant for machining and chipless deformation of metals

Abstract: Lubricants for machining, deformation of machining and cold rolling of metals. The lubricant comprises an aqueous solution of at least one of the copolymers of ethylene oxide and higher alkylene oxides having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, of the copolymers of an acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and an acrylic ester, or a polymer of polyvinylpyrrolidone and/or of polyvinyl alcohol. The lubricants are useful in any operation involving the working of metals like steel, copper and the like. They have remarkable load-bearing capacity, and are biodegradable.

Conformational studies of poly(methacrylic Acid). II. Laser-excited Raman studies of the conformational transition in aqueous solution

Abstract: The conformational transitions of atactic, syndiotactic, and isotactic poly-(methacrylic acid) in aqueous solution as a function of sodium hydroxide neutralization were investigated with laser-excited Raman spectroscopy. It was concluded that the conformational transition of the syndiotactic and atactic polymer occurs gradually over the range of approximately 20 to 50% neutralization and cannot be considered to be cooperative. However, the conformational transition of the isotactic polymer occurs over a much narrower neutralization range and may be cooperative. Raman spectra of the various stereoregular forms indicate a lack of local helical order. The Raman spectra of the polyacids also indicate no large differences in local conformation for the different stereoregular forms, a result that is in agreement with conformational energy analysis of isolated isotactic and syndiotactic chains. However, Raman spectra of the stereoregular forms of poly(sodium methacrylate) are markedly different, indicat...

Method of preparing a cationic acrylic electrodepositable interpolymer

Abstract: Cationic electrodepositable, non-gelled, carboxy-containing, thermosetting acrylic interpolymers can be prepared by interpolymerizing the following monomers: (a) from about 40 to about 94 percent by weight of an alkyl ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid; (b) from about 5 to about 25 percent by weight of an alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated amino-alkyl monomer, wherein said amino group is selected from a member of the class consisting of a secondary amine and a tertiary amine; (c) from about 1 to about 15 percent of a monoethylenically-unsaturated carboxylic acid; and (d) from 0 to about 30 percent by weight of a copolymerizable ethylenically-unsaturated monomer, where the interpolymerization is carried out in the presence of an acid-solubilizing agent, where the acid has an ionization constant greater than that of the unsaturated carboxylic acid and is present in an amount sufficient to solubilize the interpolymer. The interpolymers herein can readily be admixed with a crosslinking agent to provide compositions that will electro-deposit at the cathode to produce films which, upon curing, have desirable properties, e.g., excellent corrosion-resistance to salt, alkali, etc. These films are free of the anodic dissociation discoloration which is prevalent in anodically-deposited compositions

Vinyl urethane resins

Abstract: Improved vinyl urethane resins are disclosed. The resins are prepared by reacting a diol, a polyisocyanate, and a hydroxylterminated ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid wherein at least part of the excess functionality of the isocyanate is reduced by reaction with a diol.

Aqueous Thermosetting Acrylic Enamel Containing Metallic Flake Pigment

Abstract: The aqueous thermosetting acrylic coating composition contains 0.25-1% by weight of uniformly dispersed metallic flake pigments and has the following film-forming constituents: 1. AN ACRYLIC POLYMER OF STYRENE AND/OR METHYL METHACRYLATE, AN ALKYL ACRYLATE OR AN ALKYL METHACRYLATE OTHER THAN METHYL METHACRYLATE, A HYDROXY ALKYL ACRYLATE OR A HYDROXY ALKYL METHACRYLATE AND AN Alpha , Beta -UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACID WHEREIN THE POLYMER HAS AN ACID NUMBER OF 35-150 AND A CARBOXYL/HYDROXYL RATIO OF 1:0.2 TO 1:1.8; AND 2. A WATER-SOLUBLE OR WATER-DISPERSIBLE ALKYLATED MELAMINE FORMALDEHYDE RESIN; THE IMPROVEMENT USED WITH THIS COATING COMPOSITION COMPRISES 0.5-5% BY WEIGHT, BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF THE FILM-FORMING CONSTITUENTS, OF AN ACRYLIC COPOLYMER OF 75-95% BY WEIGHT OF AN ALKYL ACRYLATE HAVING 1-8 CARBON ATOMS IN THE ALKYL GROUP AND 5-25% BY WEIGHT OF ACRYLIC ACID OR METHACRYLIC ACID AND HAS A WEIGHT AVERAGE MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF 2,500 TO 45,000; THE NOVEL COATING COMPOSITION IS USEFUL AS AN EXTERIOR FINISH FOR AUTOMOBILE AND TRUCK BODIES.

Radiation curable compositions of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil amine compounds useful as inks and coatings and methods of curing same

Abstract: Compositions of amine derivatives of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil, which are the reaction products of an organic amine with the reaction product of epoxidized soybean oil with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and an acrylyl compound are useful as coatings and inks; photosensitizers and/or pigments can optionally be present The compositions can be cured by radiation

Dental and surgical bonding-filling material

Abstract: Dental and surgical bonding and filling material characterized by the fact that it comprises at least one polymerizable acrylic acid or methacrylic acid derivative, a vinyl polymer in powder form, and a hardening agent which is a product of the reaction between a trialkylboron and 0.3 - 0.9 mol of oxygen.

Light sensitive o-quinone diazide containing transfer composition

Abstract: A light-sensitive layer transfer material and such layer disposed on a carrier, for use in screen-printing stencils, printed circuit boards, integrated circuits, intaglio printing plates, relief printing plates, proof prints and the like, which comprises an alkali-soluble phenolic resin, such as phenol-formaldehyde novolacs, an ester or an amide of an o-naphthoquinone-diazide sulphonic acid, such as the p-cumyl phenyl ester of 1,2-naphthoquinone-2-diazide-4-sulphonic acid, etc., and an acrylic resin, such as a polymer of an alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.

Sustained release of methantheline

Abstract: A sustained release pharmaceutical composition which includes methantheline bromide and a polymer of a monomer mixture of a monoester of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol; and divinyl benzene

Process for preparing 2-hydroxyalkylacrylates and 2-hydroxyalkylmethacrylates

Abstract: 2-Hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids, such as 2-hydroxyethylacrylate and 2-hydroxethylmethacrylate, are prepared in good yield and high purity by the reaction of an alkylene oxide, such as ethylene oxide, with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid in the presence of a trivalent chromium salt, preferably the trivalent chromium salt of complexing acids, such as salicylic acids, as a catalyst. Advantageously, a minor amount of a polymerization inhibitor, such as hydroquinone, or di-Bnaphthyl-p-phenylene diamine, may be present during the reaction, if desired.

Pulverulent binders for the electrostatic powder-spraying process

Abstract: A pulverulent solvent free composition of matter suitable for use as a binder for powder lacquers particularly for automobile bodies and the like is disclosed. The powder is based on A. 40 to 98 parts by weight of copolymers with an average molecular weight of from 3,000 to 20,000 of I. 20 TO 60% BY WEIGHT OF STYRENE, Alpha -METHYL-STYRENE, OCHLOROSTYRENE, P-CHLOROSTYRENE AND/OR P-TERT.-BUTYL STYRENE; II. 30 TO 65% BY WEIGHT OF ACRYLIC ACID ALKYL ESTER WITH 1 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS IN THE ALKYL RADICAL AND/OR METHACRYLIC ACID ALKYL ESTER WITH 2 TO 12 CARBON ATOMS IN THE ALKYL RADICAL; III. 0 TO 30% BY WEIGHT OF METHACRYLIC ACID METHYL ESTER, AND IV. 3 TO 20% BY WEIGHT OF ACRYLIC ACID AND/OR METHACRYLIC ACID GLYCIDYL ESTER; B. 1 to 20 parts by weight of polycarboxylic acid and/or polycarboxylic acid anhydride, and C. 1 to 20 parts by weight of a blocked polyisocyanate.

Mixture of unsaturated polyester resins with an epoxy diacrylate and the actinic light treatment of same

Abstract: A mixture of compounds comprising an ethylenically unsaturated polyester and the reaction product of acrylic or methacrylic acid with a polyglycidyl ether of a polyalkanol or a polyphenol is subjected to actinic light to cure said mixture. The actinic light treatment may be carried out in the presence of air.

Composite films of glassine-polyolefin copolymer resins exhibiting high oxygen barrier characteristics

Abstract: Unique, flexible composite films exhibiting high oxygen barrier characteristics making them suitable for use in wrapping foods, particularly fresh foods and vegetables, are described. The composite films are prepared by melt extrusion of uniform, random copolymers of ethylene with from 2 to 20% by weight of an Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid onto one side of glassine paper. In the preferred case, ionomers are employed in which from 10 to 60% of the carboxylic acid moieties in the copolymer are uniformly ionized by association with metal ions having ionized valences of from 1 to 3. Particularly preferred are the zinc or sodium ionomers of ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymers having 5 to 15% by weight copolymerized methacrylic acid. In all cases these composite films are characterized by an average oxygen transmission rate of less than 2(cm3.mil)/(100 in.2.24 hr..atm.). Using the preferred ionomers, average oxygen transmission rates of less than 0.2 (cm3.mil)/(100 in.2.24 hr..atm.) are obtained. It is essential to the achievement of these low oxygen transmission rates that complete and uniform contact of the polyolefin copolymer or ionomer coating be obtained as measured by a peel-strength adhesion sufficiently strong to produce fiber tear in a peel test. The polyolefin copolymer film coating is preferably from about 0.5 to 2 mils in thickness.

Coating compositions containing acrylic polymers polymerized in the presence of cellulose acetate butyrate

Abstract: Coating composition containing (A) 60 - 90 percent of a copolymer of mixed alkyl esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid or mixtures thereof in a cellulose acetate butyrate solution in the presence of peroxide catalyst, and (B) 10 - 40 percent amino resin.

Pigmented masonry water repellent composition containing alkyltrialkoxy silane-alkyl orthosilicate reaction product silicone resin

Abstract: 1. A PIGMENTED WATER REPELLENT COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A WATER-BASE PAINT COMPOSITION CONTAINING A PIGMENT, AN ORGANIC RESINOUS MATERIAL SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF POLYMERS OF ACRYLIC ACID, METHACRYLIC ACID, ALKYL ESTERS OF ACRYLIC ACID, METHACRYLIC AQUEOUS SOLUTION CONTAINING FROM 20 TO 50 PERCENT BY WEIGHT OF A SILICONE RESIN BASED ON THE TOTAL WEIGHT OF THE SOLUTION, SAID SILICONE RESIN IS OBTAINED FROM THE REACTION OF FROM 1 TO 3 PARTS OF AN ALKYTRIALKOXYSILANE HAVING FROM 1 TO 6 CARBON ATOMS IN THE ALKYL GROUP WITH FROM 3 TO 1 PARTS OF AN ALKYL ORTHLTRIALKOXYSILANE HAVING FROM 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS IN EACH ALKYL GROUP AND WATER IN AN AMOUNT RANGING FROM 0.4 TO ABOUT 100 TIMES THE COMBINED VOLUME OF THE ALKYLTRIALKOXYSILANE AND THE ALKYL ORTHOSILICATE, AND AN ACID SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID, SULFURIC ACID, ETHYL HYDROGEN PHOSPHITE, DIETHYL HYDROGEN PHOSPHITE AND MIXTURES OF DIETHYL HYDROGEN PHOSPHITE AND PHOSPHOROUS ACID IN AN AMOUNT TO PROVIDE A PH OF FROM 2 TO 6, SAID WATER REPELLENT COMPOSITION CONTAINING FROM 2 TO 40 PERCENTT BY WEIGHT OF THE SILICONE RESIN BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF SAID COMPOSITION.

Sizing organic fibers

Abstract: Sizing of synthetic organic fibers with an aqueous mixture of a water dispersible salt of a copolymer of ethylene and one of acrylic or methacrylic acid and a hydrolyzable organo-functional silane to provide, after said fiber is dried, improved fiber abrasion resistance, lubricity, package release, gloss, and the like.

Macromolecular substitution reactions and polymerization in the presence of two macromolecular matrices

Abstract: A study is made of cooperative inter-chain macromolecular substitution reactions of the type of (P1P2) complex +P3⇇(P1P3) complex+P2 (where P2 and P3 are macromolecules, each of the latter being complementary to the P1 macromolecule, and forming a complex with it), taking as an example the reactions: polymethacrylic acid complex with polyethylene glycol+poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone and polymethacrylic acid complex with polyvinyl alcohol+poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone. It is shown that in aqueous solution poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone almost completely displaces the polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol from their complexes with polymethacrylic acid. In addition it is shown that the growth of polymethacrylic acid chains, during the radical polymerization of methacrylic acid in water in the presence of two matrices simultaneously, takes place only in the presence of the “stronger” matrix. In the series poly-N-vinylpyrolidone-polyethylene glycol-polyviny alcohol the first-named is the strongest matrix, and the last-named is the weakest.