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Showing papers on "Methanogen published in 1987"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that acetone is degraded by a coculture of an eubacterium and an acetate-utilizing methanogen and that acetate is the only intermediate transferred between both.
Abstract: An anaerobic enrichment culture degraded 1 mol of acetone to 2 mol of methane and 1 mol of carbon dioxide. Two microorganisms were involved in this process, a filament-forming rod similar to Methanothrix sp. and an unknown rod with round to slightly pointed ends. Both organisms formed aggregates up to 300 micron in diameter. No fluorescing bacteria were observed indicating that hydrogen or formate-utilizing methanogens are not involved in this process. Acetate was utilized in this culture by the Methanothrix sp. Inhibition of methanogenesis by bromoethanesulfonic acid or acetylene decreased the acetone degradation rate drastically and led to the formation of 2 mol acetate per mol of acetone. Streptomycin completely inhibited acetone degradation, and neither acetate nor methane was formed. 14CO2 was incorporated exclusively into the C-1 atom of acetate indicating that acetone is degraded via carboxylation to an acetoacetate residue. It is concluded that acetone is degraded by a coculture of an eubacterium and an acetate-utilizing methanogen and that acetate is the only intermediate transferred between both. The energetical problems of the eubacterium converting acetone to acetate are discussed.

133 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the decomposition of shredded municipal refuse was studied in 19 drums (208 l). Gas production and composition were monitored for two years, and the authors found that the addition of old, anaerobically degraded refuse as a seed of anaerobic bacteria and the neutralization of the refuse were the two techniques which stimulated methane production.

86 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The rate of methanogenesis by a substrate depleted methanogenic culture immobilised on reticulated polyurethane foam particles became increasingly inhibited at −S>300 mM.
Abstract: The rate of methanogenesis by a substrate depleted methanogenic culture immobilised on reticulated polyurethane foam particles became increasingly inhibited at −S>300 mM. (−S=Reactor substrate concentration). Inhibition was duplicated by the sequential addition of metabolically inert sorbitol to cultures 40–60 mins after initiating methane production with formate (−S<300 mM).

7 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that, in the technology of meethanogenic conversion of wastes, besides the acidogenic and methanogenic stages, a third stage, for digestion of the biomass formed is required, otherwise the biomass can account for 25% of the substrate C supplied.

5 citations


DOI
01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of temperature on acetate removal rates within a methanogen attached biofilm reactor was studied theoretically and experimentally, and the relations between removal rates and the non-dimensional parameters which specified treatment characteristics were also examined.
Abstract: The effect of temperature on acetate removal rates within a methanogen attached biofilm reactor was studied theoretically and experimentally . A mathematical biofilm model was developed considering the dependencies of substrate diffusion and decomposition rates on temperature , furthermore the relations between removal rates and the non—dimensional parameters which specified treatment characteristics were also examined. Isothermal experiments on mesophilic acetate treatments were carried out, and the non—dimensional parameters, i.e. biofilm property(Ms) and operation parameter (Pes), were obtained. Then, non-isothermal experiments were executed, and the variations of the acetate removal rates with temperature were examined and analized by using the present model . The following results were obtained . (1) Treatment characteristics of acetate were evaluated accurately in a range of 15•`37•Ž by using the normalized biofilm property(Ms), operation parameter (Pes) and the activation energy(ƒ¢E) of substrate decomposition rate. (2) The effect of temperature on acetate removal rates differed with organic loading rates , but the activation energy(AE) was regarded as a constant value of 12 .1 kcal /mol. (3) Acetate was converted to methane at a yield of 0 .91 mol-CH4/mol-Ace except when the temperature was less than approximately 10•Ž. KEYWORDS; Biofilm reactor, Biofilm model, Diffusion, Methanogenesis , Acetate 1.ま え が き 近 年 、 嫌気 性(メ タ ン発酵)生 物 膜 処理 法 が活 性 汚泥 法の 代替 法 と して 注 目 され、 種 々 の廃 水 に対す る適 応 性 あ る いは操 作条 件 な どの 処 理 性 能 に 関す る検 討 が 行 われ て い る。1)2)4)6)7) 嫌 気 性 処 理 にお ける有 機 物 分 解 は、酸生 成 過程 とメタン生 成 過程 か らな る逐 次反 応 とみな す ことがで き、3)4) 処 理 性 能 は各 過 程 の有 機 物 除 去 速 度 に依 存 す る。 よ って、合 理的 な 処理 性能 の評 価 を行 うた め に は、各 過 程 の有機 物 除去 速 度 の検 討 が 必 要で あ る。 また、有 機物 除 去 速度 は生 物付 着量 の増 加 につ れ 膜 内 の物質 拡散 速 度 に影 響 され 、8)除去 速 度 の検 討 に際 して は膜 内 の拡 散 現 象 に対 す る定 量 的 な 評 価 も必 要 で あ る。9)-12)さらに、 有 機 物 除去 速 度 は処 理 温 度 に 大 き く影響 され る こ とか ら、5)-7)各過程 の除去 速度 に対す る温 度 の影 響 を解 析 す る こ と も重要 で あ る。 しか しなが ら、嫌 気 性 生 物膜 法 に関 す る これ まで の研 究 の多 くは種 々 の操 作 条件 にお け る全過 程 の総 括 的 な 処 理速 度 を検 討 した もので 、各 過 程 の有 機物 除 去速 度 と拡 散速 度 との関 係 及 び これ らの 関係 と処 理 温度 と の 関係 を検 討 した 研 究 はあ ま りみ られな い。 著 者 らは先 に、嫌 気 性 生物 膜 法 の 処 理特 性 に関す る基礎 的研 究 と して、中温 域(37°C)に お ける メ タ ン菌 固着 膜 の 酢酸 除 去 速 度 と膜 内の 拡 散 速 度 につ い て解 析 し、処 理 特 性 の検 討 を 行 った。10)-12) よ って、 本 研 究 は、先 の 生 物膜 モデル10)11)13)を展開 し、 メタン菌 固 着膜 の酢 酸 除 去速 度 及 び膜 内 の拡 散 速 度 に 及 ぼす 処理 温 度 の 影響 につ い て 理 論 的 及 び実 験 的検 討 を行 っ た。 *群 馬大学工学部建設工学科 (Dept. of Civil Erg., Gunma University.)

2 citations