Topic
Methanogen
About: Methanogen is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1146 publications have been published within this topic receiving 48254 citations.
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TL;DR: A ciliate common in the micro-oxic to anoxic, typically sulfidic, sediments of Santa Barbara Basin (CA, USA) is described, suggesting synergistic metabolisms in this environment.
Abstract: Marine micro-oxic to sulfidic environments are sites of intensive biogeochemical cycling and elemental sequestration, where prokaryotes are major driving forces mediating carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and metal cycles, important from both biogeochemical and evolutionary perspectives. Associations between single-celled eukaryotes and bacteria and/or archaea are common in such habitats. Here we describe a ciliate common in the micro-oxic to anoxic, typically sulfidic, sediments of Santa Barbara Basin (California, USA). The ciliate is 95% similar to Parduzcia orbis (18S rRNA). Transmission electron micrographs reveal clusters of at least three different endobiont types organized within membrane-bound sub-cellular regions. CARD-FISH and 16S rRNA clone libraries confirm the symbionts include up to two sulfate reducers (Desulfobulbaceae, Desulfobacteraceae), a methanogen (Methanobacteriales), and possibly a Bacteroidete (Cytophaga) and a Type I methanotroph, suggesting synergistic metabolisms in this environment. This case study is discussed in terms of implications to biogeochemistry, and benthic ecology.
61 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a subterranean carbon plantation that involves storing CO 2 in a geological reservoir, biologically converting the stored CO 2 to methane in situ, and harvesting the biogenic methane as a recycled energy source.
61 citations
TL;DR: A new thermophilic, acetoclastic methanogen (strain CHTI 55) was isolated from enrichment cultures on sodium acetate from a bench scale digester treating a mixture of solid wastes at 55 °C and has the characteristic appearance of Methanosarcina but it forms very large aggregates and coccoid units which are released from the clumps of organisms in old cultures.
61 citations
TL;DR: Based upon the microbial community composition and the isotopic signature of methane associated with the Cook Inlet basin site, a simplified reaction network beginning with the breakdown of coal macromolecules, followed by fermentation and methylotrophic and acetoclastic methane production is proposed.
Abstract: Filter-collected production water samples from a methane-rich gas field in the Cook Inlet basin of Alaska were investigated using whole-cell rRNA-targeted fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and 16S rRNA tag pyrosequencing. Both techniques were consistent in determining the microbial community composition, including the archaeal or bacterial dominance of samples. The archaeal community is dominated by the obligate methylotrophic methanogen genus Methanolobus as well as the nutritional generalist methanogen genus Methanosarcina, which is capable of utilizing acetate, CO2, and methyl-bearing compounds. The most-abundant bacterial groups are Firmicutes, notably of the Acetobacterium genus, and Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides species (CFBs) affiliated with the order Bacteroidales. We observed spatial variation among samples in both the percentage of members of Archaea compared to that of members of Bacteria and the dominant members of the bacterial community, differences which could not be explained with the available geochemical data. Based upon the microbial community composition and the isotopic signature of methane associated with the Cook Inlet basin site, we propose a simplified reaction network beginning with the breakdown of coal macromolecules, followed by fermentation and methylotrophic and acetoclastic methane production.
60 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that a novel Geobacter population could oxidize ethanol and employed both hydrogen transfer and DIET depending on the accessibility of conductive materials.
60 citations