Showing papers on "Methanol published in 1970"
96 citations
TL;DR: The results showed that the oxygen in methanol was derived exclusively from gaseous oxygen in both micro-organisms, and control experiments confirmed that there was negligible incorporation of the oxygen atom from water into meethanol.
Abstract: 1. Experimental conditions have been found in which small amounts of methanol (approximately 2.5mm) accumulated when washed cell suspensions of methane-grown Pseudomonas methanica and Methanomonas methanooxidans were incubated with methane+oxygen mixtures in Warburg flasks. 2. The methanol formed could be separated completely from water by fractional distillation through glass helices followed by gas chromatography using 20% polyethylene glycol 400 on a Celite 545 support. 3. By using (18)O-enriched oxygen gas the abundance of (18)O in the methanol formed from oxidation of methane was measured with a Perkin-Elmer 270 combined gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer. The results showed that the oxygen in methanol was derived exclusively from gaseous oxygen in both micro-organisms. 4. Control experiments using [(18)O]water in incubation mixtures confirmed that there was negligible incorporation of the oxygen atom from water into methanol.
85 citations
TL;DR: Pyrazole, previously reported to inhibit ethanol oxidation in the rat, also effectively blocks the in vivo metabolism of methanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and isobutanol.
Abstract: Pyrazole, previously reported to inhibit ethanol oxidation in the rat, also effectively blocks the in vivo metabolism of methanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and isobutanol. A variety of oximes and amides are also effective inhibitors of ethanol metabolism. These various inhibitors may prove important in the elucidation of several facets of alcohol metabolism and also may have application in the treatment of methanol poisoning and in the reduction of the sequelae of the disulfiram-ethanol reaction syndrome in man.
73 citations
TL;DR: Kinetic results have shown that turnover numbers × sec −1 × active site −1 are very similar for all three enzymes, and the specificity of all three enzyme with respect to methanol is therefore identical.
67 citations
TL;DR: When heated with toluene-p -sulphonic acid in the presence of methanol or dioxan, methyl linoleate gives mainly isomeric methyl octadecadienoates (∼ 22%) and 1,4-epoxides (tetrahydrofurans, ∼ 44%).
63 citations
TL;DR: The reaction was studied by incubation of fatty acid with S-adenosylmethionine-methyl-14C and isolation of the labeled ester and some methyl ester was formed when phospholipids were added to the incubation mixture, presumably because lipase action liberated fatty acids which could serve as substrates.
58 citations
45 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the acidities of some fluorinated hydrocarbons, R F H, have been estimated by polarographic method by using electrochemical data on electrochemical reduction of (R F ) 2 Hg have been correlated with rate constants of hydrogen isotopic exchange in R FH in methanol.
44 citations
30 citations
TL;DR: Pseudomonas sp.
Abstract: Pseudomonas sp. MS is capable of growth on a number of compounds containing only C1 groups. They include trimethylsulphonium salts, methylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine. Although formaldehyde and formate will not support growth they are rapidly oxidized by intact cells. Methanol neither supports growth nor is oxidized. A particulate fraction of the cell oxidizes methylamine to carbon dioxide in the absence of any external electron acceptor. Formaldehyde and formate are more slowly oxidized to carbon dioxide by the particulate fraction, although they do not appear to be free intermediates in the oxidation of methylamine. Soluble NAD-linked formaldehyde dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase are also present. The particulate methylamine oxidase is induced by growth on methylamine, dimethylamine and trimethylamine, whereas the soluble formaldehyde dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase are induced by trimethylsulphonium nitrate as well as the aforementioned amines.
30 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Pyrazole has no effect on the catalase-peroxidative system but exerts a pronounced inhibition of liver alcohol dehydrogenase and ethanol oxidation in vivo, and the inhibitory effect of Pyrazole on methanol oxidation is more marked in the monkey, where alcohol dehydrogensase is the major catalyst for methnol oxidation.
Abstract: Pyrazole has no effect on the catalase-peroxidative system but exerts a pronounced inhibition of liver alcohol dehydrogenase and ethanol oxidation in vivo . Methanol oxidation is decreased by pyrazole in the rat, where a role of liver alcohol dehydrogenase has not previously been established. However, the inhibitory effect of Pyrazole on methanol oxidation is more marked in the monkey, where alcohol dehydrogenase is the major catalyst for methanol oxidation.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of Mrs. Fernande Tinelli in these studies.
TL;DR: In this article, a nonaqueous titration method was developed for the determination of total carbon in silicate and carbonate rocks, stony meteorites and metallurgical samples by a high-frequency induction furnace.
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple technique for measuring the intensity of polarized light reflected from an electrode is described, and results for the adsorption on platinum of oxygen, hydrogen, halides, methanol, formaldehyde and formic acid are discussed.
Abstract: A simple technique for measuring the intensity of polarized light reflected from an electrode is described. Results for the adsorption on platinum of oxygen, hydrogen, halides, methanol, formaldehyde and formic acid are discussed. The method is particularly sensitive for oxygen and halides and the optical properties of the former can be determined within limits.
TL;DR: In this article, the radiation-induced chain oxidation of ethanol and methanol by hydrogen peroxide in deaerated aqueous solutions has been investigated, and it was shown that with ethanol as the oxidizable substrate, the yields are independent of peroxide concentration in the range 5'×'10−2' to 5 '×' 10−3'M and linearly dependent on ethanol concentration in a range 0.085 to 0.85'M.
Abstract: The radiation-induced chain oxidation of ethanol and methanol by hydrogen peroxide in deaerated aqueous solutions has been investigated. In each case the alcohol is oxidized to the corresponding aldehyde and hydrogen peroxide is reduced in equivalent yield. With ethanol as the oxidizable substrate the yields are independent of peroxide concentration in the range 5 × 10−2 to 5 × 10−3 M and linearly dependent on ethanol concentration in the range 0.085 to 0.85 M. In contrast, the oxidation of methanol is first order in hydrogen peroxide, independent of methanol concentration up to 2.0 M and shows a simple square root dependence on dose rate. The differences are explained by consideration of the participation of two different radicals derived from ethanol, CH3ĊHOH and ĊH2CH2OH, whereas only one radical, ĊH2OH, is formed from methanol.
TL;DR: In this paper, the oxidation of methanol on molybdenum trioxide (with its lattice oxygen only) was investigated by means of a mass spectrometer, and a change of the oxidation mechanism due to the lowering of the valency of Mo6+ to Mo4+ was suggested.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discussed the preparation of METHYL sterculate and the preparation of DIACID CHLORIDE of 9,10*CARBOXYMETHANO)-9-OCTADECENOIC ACID.
Abstract: THIS INVENTION RELATES TO THE PREPARATION OF METHYL STERCULATE AND THE PREPARATION OF A NEW INTERMEDIATE, THE DIACID CHLORIDE OF 9,10*CARBOXYMETHANO)-9-OCTADECENOIC ACID. METHYL STEAROLATE AND DIAZOACETE ESTER REACT IN THE PRESENCE OF COPPER BRONZE TOFOMR METHYL 9,10-CARBETHOXYMETHANO)-9-OCTADECENOATE (70%). SAPONIFICATION FOLLOWED BY TREATMENT WITH OXALYL CHLORIDE GIVES THE CORRESPONDING BIS-ACID CHLORIDE. EXPOSURE TO ANHYDROUS ZINC CHLORIDE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE LEADS TO LOSS OF CARBON MONOXIDE AND TO GENERATION OF A CYCLOPROPENIUM IONACID CHLORIDE INTERMEDIATE. AFTER ESTERIFICATION WITH METHANOL, THE RESULTING CYCLOPROPENIUM ION-ESTER IS REDUCED WITH SODIUM BOROHYDRIDE TO GIVE METHYL STERCULATE. A NUMBER OF PROCEDURES ESTABLISHED THE IDENIFY AND HOMOGENEITY OF THE PRODUCT. THE OVERALL YIELD IS IN THE ORDER OF 30%.
TL;DR: The structure and conformation of 1,6:2,3-Dianhydro-4-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-DL-ribohexopyranose have been confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Abstract: 1,6:2,3-Dianhydro-4-deoxy-β-DL-ribo-hexopyranose (1), a product obtained from acrolein dimer (3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-carboxaldehyde), has been converted to 1,6-anhydro-4-deoxy-3-O-methyl-β-DL-xylo-hexopyranose (2) by reaction with acidic methanol or sodium methoxide in methanol. The structure and conformation of 2 have been confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The reaction of 2 with methanol in the presence of Amberlite IR-120 (H+) gave a 2:1 mixture of the α and β isomers of methyl 4-deoxy-3-O-methyl-DL-xylo-hexopyranoside (3) from which the individual α and β isomers of the di-p-nitrobenzoates could be obtained as crystalline solids. Conversion of 3 to the corresponding di-O-p-toluenesulfonates 4, followed by selective reduction of these diesters with LiAlH4 gave a mixture of the α and β isomers of methyl 4,6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl-2-O-p-toluenesulfonyl-DL-xylo-hexopyranoside (5). Reaction of 5 with sodium methoxide in methanol gave a 2:1 mixture of the α and β isomers of methyl 4,6-dideoxy...
TL;DR: In this paper, a bimolecular mechanism for the reesterification of methanol, 1-propanol, and 2,2-dimethylpolypropane was investigated.
TL;DR: In this article, low temperature ozonolysis of methyl podocarpate in methanol with methylene chloride results in the formation in high yield of 8β-hydroperoxy-8α-hydroxy-(13→ 17)-pentanorlabd-9(11)-en-12,19-dioic acid 19-methyl ester 8'→'12-lactone 4.
Abstract: Low temperature ozonolysis of methyl podocarpate in methanol – methylene chloride results in the formation in high yield of 8β-hydroperoxy-8α-hydroxy-(13 → 17)-pentanorlabd-9(11)-en-12,19-dioic acid 19-methyl ester 8 → 12-lactone 4. Ozonolysis followed by hydrogen peroxide work-up gives the lactone-acid 14a, whilst ozonolysis followed by reduction with sodium borohydride gives keto-acid 3a and lactones 16 and 17 derived from peroxide 4 together with δ-lactone 19 possessing all 18 carbon atoms of methyl podocarpate. The lactone 16 is shown to possess an 8β-configuration by application of the nuclear Overhauser effect.
TL;DR: The applicability of silicone-rubber ion-selective electrodes was studied in mixtures of distilled water with methanol, ethanol, propanol, or isopropanol as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: In this article, 2,4-DNP of l-butyl-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrole-2-aldehydes (I or II) was detected.
Abstract: d-Glucose and butyl-, ethyl-, or methyl-amine were reacted at 100°C or 70°C in an aqueous or methanol solution neutralized with acetic acid to obtain browning reaction products, and the formation of N-substituted 5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrole-2-aldehydes in the reaction was investigated.At first, the reaction products were treated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent and the resulting 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones (2,4-DNPs) were fractionated by column chromatography to isolate crystalline 2,4-DNPs. When the products obtained from d-glucose and butylamine were treated with the reagent consisting of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, sulfuric acid, water and either ethanol or methanol, 2,4-DNP of l-butyl-5-(ethoxymethyl or meth-oxymethyl)pyrrole-2-aldehyde (I or II) was isolated. In this formation ethanol or methanol was considered to be directly involved. On the other hand, 2,4-DNP of 5-hydroxymethyl derivative (III) was not detected, even when the reagent containing water alone as a solvent was used.Secondly, in or...
Patent•
08 Sep 1970
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a method to remove carbon dioxides from gases containing such by contacting said gases with a solution of a monoalkyl amine, a dialkyl amine or an alkanol amine in methanol at below about 0 DEG C. wherein said amine is present in solution in a concentration of 0.005 to 0.3 mol percent.
Abstract: Removal of carbon dioxides from gases containing such by contacting said gases with a solution of a monoalkyl amine, a dialkyl amine, an alkanol amine or an alkylene diamine in methanol at below about 0 DEG C. wherein said amine is present in solution in a concentration of 0.005 to 0.3 mol percent.
TL;DR: In this paper, the current-time curves obtained potentiostatically, the rate constants of the oxidation of methanol, ethanol and formic acid in 1 M KOH at 22°C were calculated.
TL;DR: The effects of varying pressure (100-700 mmHg), temperature (20-370°C) and dose (up to 7 × 1019 eV/g) on G(H2) and G(N2) in γ-irradiated ammonia gas have been studied as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The effects of varying pressure (100–700 mmHg), temperature (20–370°C) and dose (up to 7 × 1019 eV/g) on G(H2) and G(N2) in γ-irradiated ammonia gas have been studied. From the effects of additives, propene, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, methanol, isopropanol, cyclohexane, propane, nitric oxide, hydrazine on these yields, and assuming plausible reaction mechanisms, values of primary yields have been calculated. GH2= 0.70±0.02, Ge= 3.4±0.6, GH= 7.0±0.6, GNH2+2GNH= 11.9±0.1.
TL;DR: In this article, a first-order reaction of the solvated free electron and geminate-electron yields have been determined to be 1.05 and 3.1.
Abstract: Electron scavenging in liquid methanol and ethanol has been examined as a function of 14CH3Br and SF6 concentration in the region from 10−5 to 0.3 M. The empirical scavenging model previously proposed for hydrocarbons can be successfully extended to alcohols if a competitive first‐order reaction of the solvated free electron is included. Solvated free‐electron and geminate‐electron yields have been determined to be 1.05 and 3.1. Analysis of the data from competitive experiments leads to an estimation of the absolute rate constants for reaction of solvated electrons with CH3Br, CH3Cl, SF6, N2O, and acetone in methanol and ethanol and to an estimation of the half‐life of the solvated free electrons in both solvents. The present results in ethanol can be correlated with the observations of Thomas and Bensasson on the nanosecond decay of solvated electrons in terms of an ion‐pair lifetime distribution function similar to that applicable to hydrocarbon radiolysis.
Patent•
17 Feb 1970
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the tendency of a 93 to 100% ALCOHOLyZed POLYVINYL ALCOOL are reduced by heating at a temperature of 70 to 190*C.
Abstract: THE COLD WATER SOLUBLES CONTENT AND/OR THE COLD WATER IMBIBING TENDENCY OF A 93 TO 100% ALCOHOLYZED POLYVINYL ALCOHOL ARE REDUCED BY HEATING AT A TEMPERATURE OF 70 TO 190*C. PREFERABLY 90 TO 150*C., A DISPERSION OF THE POLYVINYL ALCOHOL IN A LIQUID SOLVENT COMPRISING 30 TO 100% METHANOL, 0 TO 13% WATER AND 0 TO 45% OF A 2-5 CARBON MONOHYDRIC ALCOHOL, METHYL ACETATE, ACETONE, ETHYLENE GLYCOL DIMETHYL ETHER, TOLUENE, METHYLENE CHLORIDE, OR THE LIKE. SUCH HEAT TREATMENT IMPROVES THE COLD WATER SLURRYING PROPERTIES OF THE POLYVINYL ALCOHOL AND INCREASES THE ROOM TEMPERATURE WATER RESISTANCE OF COATINGS AND FILMS PREPARED FROM THE POLYVINYL ALCOHOL.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that there is no difference between anhydrous ethanol and methanol as solvents, but that the presence of traces of water in ethanol (but not METHANOL) strongly inhibits complex formation.