Showing papers on "Methyl isobutyl ketone published in 2008"

The effects of molecular weight on the exposure characteristics of poly(methylmethacrylate) developed at low temperatures

Abstract: Poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) with various molecular weights exposed using 50keV electron beam have been investigated at subzero developer temperatures. Contrast curves for Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK):Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA)=1:3 and MIBK:IPA=1:7 developers were determined. The contrast curves for different molecular weight PMMA resists converge into a single curve at lower temperatures. At low temperatures, the line edge roughness and resolution improved. However, minimum line pitch shows no significant improvement while dose latitudes for a particular line pitch increased. It is shown that at low temperatures, linewidth resolution and periodicity are invariant for the different PMMA molecular weights (50K to 2.2M) used in this work.Poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) with various molecular weights exposed using 50keV electron beam have been investigated at subzero developer temperatures. Contrast curves for Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK):Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA)=1:3 and MIBK:IPA=1:7 developers were determined. The contrast curves for different molecular weight PMMA resists converge into a single curve at lower temperatures. At low temperatures, the line edge roughness and resolution improved. However, minimum line pitch shows no significant improvement while dose latitudes for a particular line pitch increased. It is shown that at low temperatures, linewidth resolution and periodicity are invariant for the different PMMA molecular weights (50K to 2.2M) used in this work.

Modeling of air stripping from volatile organic compounds in biological treatment processes

Abstract: The removal of volatile organic compounds from biological treatment processes occurs through several mechanisms. These include biodegradation, adsorption onto solids, and air stripping or volatilization to the atmosphere. Volatilization results in fugitive emissions to the atmosphere, which is largely uncontrolled. Recent regulations have called for increased evaluation and control of inadvertent volatile organic compounds emissions from treatment processes. The use oxygen as a parallel volatile compound is extremely useful for prediction of volatile organic compounds removal by air stripping. In this study, the simultaneous biodegradation and air stripping of volatile organic compounds, based on steady state mass balance are examined and a general approach to estimating the dominant removal mechanism is developed. A Monte Carlo simulation technique was used to estimate air stripping over a wide range of operating conditions. Several volatile organic compounds were selected for this study. The results showed the values drived from the model correspond with the experimental data for benzene, toluene, methylene chloride, trichloroethylene, and methyl isobutyl ketone.

Study on Extraction of Niobium Oxide from Columbite–Tantalite Concentrate

Abstract: The principal objective of this study is to be able to extract niobium oxide from columbite-tantalite concentrate of Thayet Kon Area in Nay Phi Taw. It is recovered from columbite-tantalite concentrate which contains 19.29 % Nb2O5.The recovery of niobium oxide from columbite-tantalite concentrate can be divided into three main sections, namely, digestion of the concentrate, recovery from the leached solution and precipitation and calcinations. The concentrate was digested with hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid. Of the various parameters that effect acidity and time were studied. In the recovery section solvent extraction process using methyl isobutyl ketone was investigated. Ammonium hydroxide was used as a precipitating agent and the precipitate was later calcined. The percentage of niobium oxide is 74%. Keywords—Calcination, Digestion, Precipitation, Solvent Extraction.

Determination of lead by hydride generation atom trapping flame atomic absorption spectrometry

Abstract: An atom trapping approach is described for the determination of lead by hydride generation flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Lead hydride (PbH4), generated on-line by reacting lead in hydrochloric acid–potassium ferricyanide medium with sodium borohydride (NaBH4), was trapped on the interior walls of a slotted T-tube under highly oxidizing flame conditions. Atomization was achieved by aspirating 50 µL of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) to the flame. Optimization of the experimental parameters for the generation and collection of lead hydride was described to achieve the highest peak height sensitivity. The detection limits were 0.075, 0.047 and 0.028 µg L−1 for 2.6, 5.2 and 7.8 mL of blank solution (n = 13), respectively. Calibration was linear up to 3.0 µg L−1 for a 30-s trapping period. The relative standard deviation was between 2 and 4%. The method was successfully applied to the determination of Pb in NIST certified reference materials, San Joaquin Soil (SRM 2709) and Apple Leaves (SRM 1515).

Separation of Paraffin Wax Using Solvent Fractionation

Abstract: In order to separate and characterize some grades of paraffin waxes from El-Ameria crude waxes (slack waxes), a one-stage fractional crystallization technique has been done to separate the paraffin waxes with different characteristics by using different solvents and solvent mixtures at ambient temperature of 20°C and fixed dilution and washing solvent ratios (S/F) of 4:1 and 2:1 by weight, respectively. The fractionating solvents used are n-hexane, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), dioxane, ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate as a single solvent and a mixture of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) containing benzene (B) and toluene (T) as a mixed solvent. The resulting data revealed that dioxane and n-hexane solvents are not suitable for fractional crystallization of slack waxes, and the most suitable solvents for separating paraffin waxes with the standard specifications are ethyl and butyl acetates, MIBK, and the mixture of MEK, B, and T (60:20:20 by weight, respectively).

Methyl isobutyl carbinol mixture and methods of using the same

Abstract: Methods and compositions for separating materials are provided. The present invention provides a method of separating a first material from a second material such as mixing the first material and the second material in a slurry with a beneficiation composition. The beneficiation composition can comprise methyl isobutyl carbinol mixture derived from a methyl isobutyl ketone and/or methyl isobutyl carbinol manufacturing process. Additionally air bubbles can be provided in the slurry to form bubble-particle aggregates with the first material and the bubble-particle aggregates can be allowed to be separated from the second material.

Viscosity of the Tributyl Phosphate + Methyl Isobutyl Ketone + Phosphoric Acid System

Abstract: In this paper, kinetic viscosities of the phosphoric acid + tributyl phosphate + methyl isobutyl ketone, and + aviation kerosene systems with the content of P2O5 in the range of (0 to 17) % and tem...

Prediction of pKa Values of Extractant Using Novel Quantitative Structure–Property Relationship Models

Abstract: The dissociation equilibrium constant (pKa) of an extractant is one of the main factors determining the reactive extraction behavior. A quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) was investigated for predicting the pKa of some pure extractants and the apparent basicity (pKa,B) of three typical mixture solvents, trioctylamine (TOA)/hexane, TOA/1-octanol, and TOA/methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). Novel QSPR models for the pKa of a pure extractant and the pKa,B of a mixture solvent were set up. The novel QSPR models include the concentration of extractant in the solvent and three kinds of molecular connectivity indices of extractant and diluent. The calculated values from the models of the pure extractant and mixture solvents show good consistency with experimental values.

Liquid-Liquid Equilibria for the Ternary System Water + Methyl Isobutyl Ketone + tert-Butyl Alcohol at Several Temperatures

Abstract: Liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) data for a ternary system water + methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) + tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) were experimentally measured at atmospheric pressure over a temperature range of (287.65 to 333.35) K. The consistency of experimental tie-line data has been tested with Othmer−Tobias and Bachman correlations. Binary interaction parameters of NRTL and UNIQUAC models were regressed to correlate the experimental data. It is concluded that UNIQUAC and NRTL equations are reliable to fit the experimental data with the average root-mean-square deviations of 0.87 % and 0.70 %, respectively.

An alkali ion source based on graphite intercalation compounds for ion mobility spectrometry

Abstract: A variety of alkali cation emitters were developed as the ion source for ion mobility spectrometry. The cation emitters were constructed based on alkali ion graphite intercalation compounds (GICs). The compounds were prepared by fusing alkali salts with ground graphite. In order to produce alkali ions, the compounds were loaded on a filament and heated to red. Reactant ions of the form alk+ ions were observed for the alkali salts NaCl, KCl⋅LiCl, CsCl and SrCl. In addition to Na+ ions, K+ ions were observed at the beginning of thermionic emission from Na-GIC. This is due to the low ionization potential of potassium that exists in trace amounts in sodium salts. In addition to the potassium ion, Na+ was observed in the case of LiCl salt. The Na+ and K+ peaks originating from impurities totally disappeared after about 40 min. However, the thermionic emission of the main ion of the corresponding salt lasted for several days. No negative ions were observed upon reversing the drift field. Selected organic compounds (methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone and tetrahydrofuran) were also ionized via alkali cation attachment reaction. Distinct ion mobility patterns were observed for different substances using one type of alkali reactant ion. However, the ion mobility pattern for a given substance changed when a different alkali reactant ion was used. Ammonia and amines were not ionized when this source was used.

Application of Niobium Compounds Towards the One-Step Synthesis of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK) via Catalytic Distillation

Abstract: ion regeneration reaction Acetone MO

Method for cleaning apparatus for producing aqueous pigment dispersion

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for cleaning an apparatus for producing an aqueous pigment dispersion in which even when two or more aqueous pigment dispersions are produced on an industrial scale using one production apparatus, fouling attached on the apparatus for producing an aqueous pigment dispersion can be promptly removed when the apparatus is cleaned.SOLUTION: This method for cleaning an apparatus for producing an aqueous pigment dispersion containing an acid-type water-insoluble polymer as a dispersant comprises: a 6-12C organic solvent cleaning step of cleaning a part of the apparatus with which the aqueous pigment dispersion is brought into contact with a cleaning agent containing a 6-12C glyceryl ether, and/or an alkali-based solution cleaning step of cleaning the part with a cleaning agent comprising an alkali-based solution containing methyl ethyl ketone or methyl isobutyl ketone, and an alkali agent.

Isolation and kinetic characteristics of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) degrading microorganisms

Abstract: From a biofilter bed used for cleaning the MIBK-doped air, nine bacteria strains decomposing this substance, being used as the only source of carbon and energy, were isolated. The most active strains were identified as Rhodococcus globerulus, Gordonia terrae, Gordonia bronchialis and Bacillus subtilis. The rate of MIBK decomposition by these microorganisms was tested within its concentration ranging from approx. 0.1 to 3 g m. They degraded MIBK at a maximum rate ranging from approx. 15 to approx. 50 g m·h. The highest biodegradation rate in suspension (EC), i.e. 163 g m·h, was observed in Gordonia terrae. The number of micoorganisms reached the value of 10 cfu in 1 cm of liquid culture.

Ketones of Four Or Five Carbons

Abstract: A ketone is an organic compound containing a carbonyl group (CO) attached to two carbon atoms and can be represented by the general formula Several billion pounds of ketones are produced annually for industrial use in the United States. Those with the highest production volumes include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, isophorone, mesityl oxide, and acetophenone. Common methods used to manufacture ketones include aliphatic hydrocarbon oxidation, alcohol dehydration with subsequent oxidation, dehydrogenation of phenol, alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon oxidation, and condensation reactions. Ketones are used because of their ease of production, low manufacturing cost, excellent solvent properties, and desirable physical properties such as low viscosity, moderate vapor pressure, low to moderate boiling points, high evaporation rates, and a wide range of miscibility with other liquids. The low-molecular-weight aliphatic ketones are miscible with water and organic solvents, whereas the high-molecular-weight aliphatic and aromatic ketones are generally immiscible with water. Most ketones are chemically stable. The exceptions are mesityl oxide, which can form peroxides, and methyl isopropenyl ketone, which polymerizes. Most ketones are generally of low flammability. Ketones are commonly used in industry as solvents, extractants, chemical intermediates, and, to a lesser extent, flavor and fragrance ingredients. Ketones have also been reported in the ambient air, in wastewater treatment plants, and in oil field brine discharges. Keywords: 3-Butyne-2-one; diacetyl; environmental samples; ketone; methyl ethyl ketone; methyl isopropenyl ketone; methyl isopropyl ketone; methyl-n-propyl ketone; 3-pentyne-2-one; 2,4-pentanedione

Method for synthesizing N-(1-nitrile-1,2-dimethyl propyl)-2-(2,4-dichloro phenoxyl)propionamide

Abstract: The invention provides a method for synthesizing an N-(1-nitrile group-1, 2- dimethyl propyl)-2-(2, 4- dichlorobenzene ROO) propanamide which is prepared by condensing 2, 3- dimethyl-2-amino nbr and substituted phenoxy carboxylic acid shown as a formula (II). The 2, 3- dimethyl-2-amino nbr is prepared by the following steps that: Methyl isobutyl ketone, prussiate and ammonium salt are taken as raw materials and react under the action of a phase transfer catalyst in an organic solvent at a temperature of between 20 and 80 DEG C so that the 2, 3- dimethyl-2-amino nbr is obtained. The method has simple process, low cost of raw materials, high yield coefficient of products and little pollution of 'three wastes'.

Curable composition and cured product thereof

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a curable composition which is excellent in applicability and is capable of forming a coating film (coating) with a high hardness and a scratch resistance on surfaces of various substrates, and a cured product thereof. SOLUTION: The curable composition comprises (A) a particle (Aa) which essentially comprises silica, has a number average particle size of 30-200 nm and is surface-treated with an organic compound (Ab) having a polymerizable unsaturated group, (B) a compound having at least three (meth)acryloyl groups within the molecule and (C) an organic solvent. The proportion of the silica particle (Aa) in the component (A) is ≥30 mass% against 100 mass% total solid content of the composition, and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) accounts for ≥50 mass% of the component (C). COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Investigation of chromium(III) acetylacetonate as a calibration reference material for atomic absorption spectroscopy

Abstract: It is shown that chromium(III) acetylacetonate meets the requirements of calibration reference materials: it is homogeneous, soluble in water and organic solvents, and its solutions are stable. Chromium(III) acetylacetonate has been successfully used as a calibration reference material in the analysis of chromium in iron-base alloys. The procedure involves chromium acetylacetonate extraction using methyl isobutyl ketone followed by direct atomic absorption analysis of the organic extract. The detection limit of the procedure is 10 ng g−1.

Colorimetric determination of nanomolar concentrations of silicate in natural waters after liquid- liquid extraction using methyl isobutyl ketone

Abstract: A sensitive solvent extraction method for the determination of nonamolar concentrations of silicate in natural waters is developed. According to the traditional aqueous silicate method,silicomolybdenum blue formed by the reaction between silicate and ammonium molydate and reduced by metol-sulfite reagent is extracted by methyl isobutyl ketone. The absorbance can be enhanced substantially up to 10-folds. The detection limit of silicate is 8 nmol/dm3,which is one tenth smaller than the traditional method,with the precision of 4.0% at a silicate level of 50 nmol/dm3 and 3.2% at a silicate level of 6 μmol/dm3. Comparing the calibration curves in the distilled water and seawater,it can be seen that the salt effect also exists in the extraction method. However,the salt effect is a linear function of the salinity and can be corrected by simple calibration. The proposed method is successfully applied to the determination of silicate in natural waters. Natural concentrations of arsenate,arsenite and phosphate cause negligible interference.

METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE COMBUSTION OVER Pt/Al2O3 CATALYST

Abstract: Catalytic combustion of methyl isobutyl ketone in diluted air streams over Pt/Al2O3 commercial catalyst was experimentally investigated. The experiments were carried out at space velocities between 180 000 – 600 000 cm 3 / (gcat·h) and ketone concentrations in the range of 900 – 2600 ppmv. On the studied domain of working parameters, carbon monoxide was not detected, although some organic intermediates were formed (especially acetic acid). Their presence was detected in the product mixture much behind the temperature corresponding to complete conversion of MIBK. The results evidenced that, depending on the gas flowrate, complete combustion to carbon dioxide occurs at temperatures of minimum 350 o C.

A novel process for the preparation of crystalline magnesium salt of (s)-omeprazole di hydrate

Abstract: Disclosed herein is process for preparation of crystalline form of (S)-5-methoxy-2-[[(4- methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridinyl)-methyl]sulfinyl]-1H-benzimidazolemagnesium dihydrate which comprises: dissolving (S)-Omeprazole potassium in dimethyl formamide; reacting with magnesium chloride hexa hydrate; removing the salts from the mixture; and precipitating the (S)-Omeprazole magnesium di hydrate crystalline form by adding anti solvent. The anti-solvent used in the above process is selected from the group consisting of ketones such as acetone or methyl isobutyl ketone; esters such as ethyl acetate, and ethers like methyl tertiary butyl ether.

Production of methyl isobutyl ketone and catalyst therefor

Abstract: A catalyst material having excellent stability, reaction activity and selectivity to produce continuously methyl isobutyl ketone from acetone at high selectivity and high yield for a long time is provided, a method for preparing the catalyst material is provided, and a method for synthesizing methyl isobutyl ketone by using the catalyst material is provided. An ion exchange resin catalyst is represented by the formula, Pd(s)M1(b)M2(c)/porous sulfonated cation exchange resin, wherein: Pd denotes palladium; M1 denotes one or more components selected from nickel(Ni), cobalt(Co), and silver(Ag); M2 denotes one or more components selected from copper(Cu), gold(Au), and ruthenium(Ru) as improver components; and (a), (b) and (c) denote weight percents of the respective metal components based on the dry weight of a porous cation exchange resin, where (a) is 0.3 to 1.5 wt.%, (b) is 0.005 to 0.5 wt.%, and (c) is 0 to 0.5 wt.%. A preparation method of an ion exchange resin catalyst represented by a formula is characterized in that the ion exchange resin catalyst is prepared by ion-exchanging the H^+ type porous sulfonated cation exchange resin with palladium component after primarily ion-exchanging an H^+ type porous sulfonated cation exchange resin with a metal component selected from M1 and M2 suggested in the formula, Pd(s)M1(b)M2(c)/porous sulfonated cation exchange resin, wherein: Pd denotes palladium; M1 denotes one or more components selected from nickel(Ni), cobalt(Co), and silver(Ag); M2 denotes one or more components selected from copper(Cu), gold(Au), and ruthenium(Ru) as improver components; and (a), (b) and (c) denote weight percents of the respective metal components based on the dry weight of a porous cation exchange resin, where (a) is 0.3 to 1.5 wt.%, (b) is 0.005 to 0.5 wt.%, and (c) is 0 to 0.5 wt.%.

Cleaning composition of alluminum form and cleaning method

Abstract: A cleaning composition for an aluminum mold is provided to remove a concrete compound attached to an aluminum mold used in various buildings and structures and an organic release coating layer at the same time, while not adversely affecting the human body. A cleaning composition for an aluminum mold comprises 20-60 wt% of nitric acid, 38.7-74.0 wt% of water, 0.2-1.0 wt% of a metal anti-corrosive agent, 1-10 wt% of an organic coating layer removing agent, and 0.1-1.0 wt% of a surfactant. The metal anti-corrosive agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of cyclohexylamine(C6H13N), aniline(C6H7N) and 1,2,3-benzotriazole(C6H5N3). The organic coating layer removing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of toluene(C7H8), xylene(C8H10), isopropanol(C3H8O), n-butanol(C4H10O), cyclohexanone(C6H10O), methyl ethyl ketone(C4H8O), methyl isobutyl ketone(C6H12O), ethyl acetate(C4H8O2), butyl acetate(C6H12O2), 2-ethoxyethyl acetate(C6H12O3), ethylene glycol monoethyl ether(C4H10O2), ethylene glycol monobutyl ether(C6H14O2), propylene glycol monomethyl ether(C4H10O2) and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate(C5H10O3).

Process for the preparation of diclofenac epolamine

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for the preparation of the salt diclofenac epolamine comprising the following steps: a) reacting 1 -(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-2-indolinone with a base selected from sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide in an aqueous solvent, thus obtaining sodium or potassium diclofenac salt; b) dissolving the so obtained sodium or potassium diclofenac salt in a solvent- mixture comprising water and an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, isobutyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate; c) adding a strong acid to give diclofenac acid and removing the water phase; d) anhydrifying the remaining organic solvent phase; and e) adding 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-pyrrolidine.