Showing papers on "Methyl isobutyl ketone published in 2009"

The partition of compounds from water and from air into wet and dry ketones

Abstract: Literature data on partitioning of compounds from the gas phase to ketones and from water to ketones has been collected and analyzed through the Abraham solvation equations. It is shown that for partition into both dry and wet ketones the main solvent factors that aid partitioning into the ketones are the polarizability/dipolarity, hydrogen-bond basicity and hydrophobicity (size) of the ketones. Reliable equations have been established for partitioning from the gas phase and from water to dry acetone, dry butanone, dry cyclohexanone and to wet methyl isobutyl ketone. It is further shown that partitioning into dry butanone and dry cyclohexanone leads to different equations than partitioning into the wet solvents, and that data on partitioning into the wet and dry ketones cannot be combined.

Reactive Extraction of Levulinic Acid by Amberlite LA-2 Extractant

Abstract: The production of organic acids at relatively low concentrations in aqueous solutions is typical of both electrochemical and biochemical syntheses. The recovery of these solute species can be achieved by solvent extraction, and the reactive recovery of carboxylic acids from aqueous solutions has received increasing attention. In this study the reactive extraction of levulinic acid was done at 298.15 K, and all experiments were reported on the extraction of levulinic acid by Amberlite LA-2 dissolved in five different esters (dimethyl phthalate, dimethyl adipate, dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, and diethyl carbonate), five different alcohols (isoamyl alcohol, hexan-1-ol, octan-1-ol, nonan-1-ol, and decan-1-ol) and two different ketones (diisobutyl ketone (DIBK) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK)). Furthermore, single pure solvents (not containing Amberlite LA-2) were used for physical extraction. Experimental results of batch extraction experiments were calculated and reported as distribution coeffic...

Extraction of Glycolic Acid from Aqueous Solutions by Amberlite LA-2 in Different Diluent Solvents

Abstract: In this work, extraction of glycolic acid was investigated from aqueous solutions by different organic solutions containing Amberlite LA-2, a secondary amine mixture. The extraction of glycolic acid with Amberlite LA-2 dissolved in six individiual solvents has been measured at 298.15 K. The solvents used were 1-octanol, cyclohexane, isooctane, toluene, 2-octanone, and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). The effect of different parameters on recovery of glycolic acid has been investigated. The investigated parameters were selected as solvent type, amine concentration, and initial acid concentration. To show the effect of these parameters, distribution coefficients (D), loading factors (Z), and extraction efficiency (E) are calculated. The maximum removal of glycolic acid is 79.43 % with MIBK and 0.93 mol·L−1 initial concentration of Amberlite LA-2.

Impact of ATRP initiator spacer length on grafting poly(methyl methacrylate) from silica nanoparticles.

Abstract: We quantified the impact of the carbon spacer length (CSL) of immobilized alkoxysilanes initiators on grafting poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) from the surfaces of monodisperse silica nanoparticles. PMMA was grafted using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP), a facile technique to produce well-controlled polymer brushes. The polymerizations were carried out in environmentally friendly 4:1 (v/v) methanol−water solutions at room temperature. Monoethoxysilane initiators of 3, 11, and 15 carbon spacer lengths were synthesized and characterized with 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The initiators were then used to modify the surfaces of monodisperse silica nanoparticles in methyl isobutyl ketone, producing dense initiator monolayers with site densities between 1.8−3.6 initiators/nm2. PMMA was subsequently grafted from the functionalized nanoparticles using both CuCl and CuBr catalysts. We found that polymerizations performed with CuBr were uncontrolled, whereas those with CuCl were controlled. ...

The effect of diluents on extraction of copper(II) with di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid

Abstract: The liquid–liquid extraction of copper(II) from sulfate medium with di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA, HL) at 25°C is studied with the following parameters: pH, concentration of the extractant, and the nature of diluent. The effect of the diluent using polar and nonpolar solvents in the extraction of copper(II) is discussed. The extracted copper(II) species were CuL2 in 1-octanol and methyl isobutyl ketone and CuL2 · 2HL in toluene, carbon tetrachloride, and cyclohexane. The extraction constants are evaluated for different diluents.

Convenient large-scale synthesis of D-glucaro-1,4:6,3-dilactone.

Abstract: Calcium d-glucarate was converted into d-glucaro-1,4:6,3-dilactone on 32-g, 1-kg, and 22-kg scale, using azeotropic distillation with methyl isobutyl ketone to drive the dehydration. The crystalline product was ≥99.5% pure by GC and NMR, and overall yield was as high as 72%.

Recovery of propionic acid by reactive extraction - 1. Equilibrium, effect of pH and temperature, water coextraction

Abstract: Reactive extraction is a prominent technique for recovery of carboxylic acids for dilute aqueous stream and fermentation broth. In the present paper, the effect of acid concentration, extractant concentration and type of diluent on extraction of propionic acid using tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) in methyl isobutyl ketone and 1-decanol was studied. Physical and chemical extraction experiments were conducted to study the influence of TBP in the respective diluents. TBP + MIBK was found to be an effective system with more than 25% improvement in extraction in comparison to TBP + 1-decanol, where no significant effect was obtained. The difference in solvation of TBP:acid complexes in respective diluents was explained in terms of physical properties of the diluents. Effect of pH, temperature and water coextraction was also studied using TBP in MIBK. Higher acid extraction was found when solution pH was lower than 4. The effect of temperature was not so predominant at the ranges studied (305-333 K). This suggests...

A simple and efficient synthesis of 3-substituted derivatives of pentane-2,4-dione

Abstract: A novel and efficient method of synthesis of 3-substituted derivatives of pentane-2,4-dione is proposed, wherein cheaper and easily accessible chloro derivatives are conversed into more reactive iodo derivatives. The method is based on the Finkelstein reaction for which the literature suggests highly polar organic solvents as ideal reaction media. In the presented work, the use of industrially used ketones, especially methyl isobutyl ketone, is proposed. The use of MIBK as a solvent additionally allows an azeotropic removal of water from the reaction mixture, enabling the application of moisture sensitive alkylating agents i.e. (3-chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane. The obtained products are isolated through distillation, which does however not allow the separation of C-alkylation products from O-alkylation ones. The products not containing water-sensitive substituents were isolated as copper complexes. The pure product of C-alkylation was obtained by decomposition of the copper complex with a hydrochloric acid solution and extraction of the formed ligand to an organic phase i.e. hexane. The obtained ligand can be further purified by distillation.

Simultaneous determination of airborne carbonyls and aromatic hydrocarbons using mixed sorbent collection and thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometric analysis

Abstract: Volatile organic chemicals (VOC) such as aromatics and carbonyls are ubiquitous, and have environmental and health significance. This work presents a novel analytical method for simultaneously monitoring airborne carbonyls compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons. Carbonyls were collected onto an adsorbent (Tenax TA, coated with pentafluorophenyl hydrazine (PFPH)) that reacted with carbonyl groups to form thermo-stable derivatives that are suitable for subsequent analysis by thermal-desorption and GC/MS. Aromatic hydrocarbons were collected onto Tenax TA that was packed in the same sampling tube, and analyzed using the same method as carbonyls. Six carbonyls (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone) and five aromatics (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes and styrene) were evaluated following standard test protocols. Calibration ranges were 30–200 ng per tube for most test chemicals, and 200–1000 ng per tube for formaldehyde. The analytical precision was 7% or better, and the collection efficiency, tested using a static sampling bag, was between 94 and 98%. PFPH-coated Tenax TA (for collecting carbonyls) needs to be placed in the front section of the tube, and Tenax TA in the back section (for collecting aromatics). The method detection limits of the current method ranged between 0.2 and 25 ng per tube, which corresponded to sub- to 17.2 ppbv (for formaldehyde), based on a typical 6 l sample from a sampling rate of 25 ml/min. Samples were stable for at least ten days under ambient conditions. The proposed method was also tested in the field and proved satisfactory. The proposed method is simple, feasible and has an acceptable accuracy and precision. It can thus be adopted as a reference method for making relevant measurements.

Identification and characterization of bacteria isolated under selective pressure of volatile organic compounds.

Abstract: Several bacterial strains tolerant to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were isolated from the air emissions of a typical industrial wood painting plant. Four strains that grew vigorously on a mineral salt basal medium and VOC-saturated atmosphere were identified using BIOLOG and fatty acids analysis. A 16S rDNA sequence comparison was also performed on three of the four strains. Their phylogenetic positions were respectively: MC8M6 of the genus Arthrobacter, MCEP3 of the genus Microbacterium, MCEPFL2 of the genus Rhodococcus. The fourth strain, C14, was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All the four strains showed multiple carbon sources among toluene, butyl acetate, ethoxy propyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, diaceton alcohol, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone. By identifying a particular strain, an evaluation of its risk group can be made by comparing it to each strain type within important world-wide culture collections. This is the first step required to implement correct procedures using the strains and in implementing the appropriate biosafety containment in large scale applications.

Slurry composition, method for producing slurry composition, and method for producing resin varnish

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a slurry composition with a good dispersibility, a method for producing the slurry composition, and a method for producing a resin varnish SOLUTION: The slurry composition is produced by adding a resin component and is used as a resin varnish The slurry composition further includes an organic solvent and a silica filler added to the organic solvent The organic solvent includes a first organic solvent of being a cycloalkanone and a second organic solvent different from the first organic solvent The first organic solvent is a cycloalkanone, and the second solvent is at least one selected from acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Dielectric response of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) in apolar solvents: solute-solvent interactions

Abstract: Dielectric constants of binary mixtures of MIBK, an extractant used in nuclear energy industry, with six apolar solvents ie benzene, dioxane, cyclohexane, carbon tetrachloride, p-xylene and n-heptane have been measured at 455 kHz The data are used to evaluate the Eyring’s structural parameter, G*, in these systems to assess the nature of non-specific solute-solvent interaction The value of G* is found to be influenced by the nature of the solvent

Method for extracting resorcin from resorcin-containing salt water solution

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for extracting resorcinol from a salt solution containing resorcinol, which pertains to the technical field of the extraction technique of organic intermediates The salt solution containing resorcinol and an extractant at least go through two grades of continuous countercurrent centrifugation to extract resorcinol, the salt solution containing resorcinol enters from the feed inlet of a first-stage centrifuge, the extractant enters from the feed inlet of a final-stage centrifuge, waste water separated is obtained from the outlet of the final-stage centrifuge and a resorcinol extract liquid is obtained from the feed outlet of the first-stage centrifuge; the extractant is at least one of n-butyl acetate, normal butanol, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanol or cyclohexanone at random The method solves the disadvantages of the current benzene sulfonation alkali fusion and m-phenylenediamine hydrolysis method in the after-treatment process, has large treatment capability, low equipment energy consumption, stable operation, convenient cleaning and maintenance and high extraction efficiency

Enhanced production of 6-aminopenicillanic acid in aqueous methyl isobutyl ketone system with immobilized penicillin G acylase.

Abstract: Enzymatic hydrolysis of penicillin G for production of 6-amino-penicillanic-acid (6-APA) was achieved by using penicillin G acylase as catalyst in an aqueous-methylisobutyl ketone (MIBK) system. The optimization was carried out and it was found that the best conversion was improved 10% more than the aqueous system, which was obtained at the conditions: initial pH 8.0, 5.0% (W/V) substrate (penicillin G), and temperature at 35°C, and the ratio of aqueous and organic phase was 3:1. The stability of the biocatalyst was studied at the operational conditions. After 5 cycles of semi-batch reactions, the residual activity of penicillin G acylase was 69.2% of the initial activity. There was no apparent loss of the yield of product. This process has a potential application in the industrial scale production of 6-APA because it simplifies the process effectively.

Improved preparation method of cefdinir

Abstract: PURPOSE: An improved method for preparing cefdinir which is a cephalosporin antibiotics is provided to resolve environmental problem of by-product and waste materials. CONSTITUTION: A crystalline cefdinir compound of chemical formula 1 is prepared by deprotecting cefdinir intermediate in which O-trityl of chemical formula 4 is substituted using cation exchange resin under the presence of solvent. The solvent is water, methanol or ethanol, aceonitirile, 1,4-dioxane, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone or methyl isobutyl ketone.

Improved preparation method for cinepazide maleate

Abstract: An improved preparation method of cinepazide maleate belongs to the pharmaceutical technical field. The improved preparation method is characterized in that anhydrous piperazine reacts with chloracetylpyrrolidine in absolute ethyl alcohol at room temperature to obtain 1-[(1-tetrahydropyrrolylcarbonyl)methyl]piperazine, post-treatment method is a acetone dissolution and filtration method; then the 1-[(1-tetrahydropyrrolylcarbonyl)methyl]piperazine reacts with 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl chloride at the room temperature to obtain cinepazide free alkali, an acid-binding agent used is triethylamine, and a solvent is selected from acetone or tetrahydrofuran, methyl ethyl ketone, methylbenzene, xylene, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone and the like, and the acetone is preferred; finally, the cinepazide maleate is obtained after salifying with maleic acid. The improved preparation method has the effects and benefits of using a cheap and low-toxic solvent with good safety in the process of preparing the cinepazide maleate (I), mild reaction conditions, simple operation, fewer by-products, low energy consumption and equipment requirements, higher product yield and good product quality, and being suitable for industrial production.

Market Analysis and Suggestion for Development of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK) in China

Abstract: To analyze the market situation of MIBK at home and abroad and production technology.To make some suggestions for development of MIBK in China.

Process for the preparation of clopidogrel hydrogen sulphate form 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of Form 1 of (+)-(S)-∞-(2-Chlorophenyl)-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine-5(4H)-acetic acid methyl ester hydrogen sulphate commonly known as clopidogrel bisulphate. The present invention further relates to a process for reducing the residual amount of methyl isobutyl ketone and controlling the amount of mesityl oxide in clopidogrel hydrogen sulphate Form 1 by washing with ethyl acetate. Formula (I).