Showing papers on "Methyl isobutyl ketone published in 2020"

Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Adsorptive Removal of Gaseous Aliphatic Ketones.

Abstract: Recent research endeavors have established metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as suitable platforms for the adsorptive removal of various environmental pollutants. In this regard, the sorptive performances of four MOFs (MOF-199, UiO-66, UiO-66-NH2, and Co-CUK-1) were investigated against two gaseous aliphatic ketones (methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MiBK)) at a low partial pressure (0.1 Pa). Activated carbon was utilized as a reference commercial sorbent. The 10% breakthrough volume (BTV10) values for MEK decreased in the following order: MOF-199 (4772 L atm g-1) > activated carbon (224 L atm g-1) > UiO-66-NH2 (106 L atm g-1) > UiO-66 (53 L atm g-1) > Co-CUK-1 (16 L atm g-1). In case of MiBK, the relative ordering in BTV10 was consistently maintained while showing noticeable increases in its magnitude: MOF-199 (7659 L atm g-1) > activated carbon (816 L atm g-1) > UiO-66-NH2 (304 L atm g-1) > UiO-66 (150 L atm g-1) > Co-CUK-1 (31 L atm g-1). The superiority of MOF-199 was confirmed toward the adsorptive removal of gaseous aliphatic ketones. For a binary mixture of ketones, the BTV10 values of MOF-199 were reduced considerably for MEK and MiBK (in comparison to single component sorption) such as 1579 and 3969 L atm g-1, respectively, reflecting competitive inhibition of the adsorption process. Theoretical simulations based on density functional theory (DFT) elucidated the involvement of highly favorable coordination between the carbonyl group present in ketone molecules and the uncoordinated Cu(II) sites in the MOF-199 structure (Lewis acidic centers). Interestingly, MOF-199 maintained appreciable performance toward the mixture of ketones up to 5 cycles to support its practical merit.

Solvent extraction of gold(III) with diethyl carbonate

Abstract: Diethyl carbonate (DEC) was evaluated as a green alternative to methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) and dibutyl carbitol (DBC) for the recovery of gold from copper-rich sources, such as anode slimes, by ...

Transformation of remnant algal biomass to 5-HMF and levulinic acid: influence of a biphasic solvent system

Abstract: The primary commercial product from the green microalgae Dunaliella salina is β-carotene. After extracting the lipophilic fraction containing this red-orange pigment, an algal residue remains. As the carotenogenesis is induced by light stress with simultaneous nitrogen depletion, the protein content is low and the remnant is comprised largely of storage carbohydrates. In this work, we transformed the defatted remnant directly to the platform chemicals, 5-hydroxy methyl furfural (5-HMF) and levulinic acid (LA), without previous purification or any pretreatment. The batch experiments were carried out in an autoclave under biphasic solvent conditions at 453 K for 1 h using acidic ZSM-5 zeolite as a heterogeneous catalyst. Mixtures of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK/H2O) or tetrahydrofuran (THF/H2O/NaCl) with water were used to create the biphasic reactor conditions. The biphasic reaction mixtures helped to increase the 5-HMF yield and simultaneously mitigated the formation of insoluble humins. The carbon yields of 5-HMF and of LA in the MIBK/H2O biphasic system without NaCl were 13.9% and 3.7%, respectively. The highest carbon yield of 5-HMF (34.4%) was achieved by adding NaCl to the reaction mixture containing THF/H2O. The experimentally measured partition ratios of 5-HMF between the two liquid phases were compared to the predictions calculated by the computational method COSMO-RS, which is a quantum chemistry-based method to predict the thermodynamic equilibria of liquid mixtures and the solubilities. The COSMO-RS predicted partition ratios of 5-HMF were in line with the experimentally measured ones.

Direct Catalytic Conversion of Furfural to Furan‐derived Amines in the Presence of Ru‐based Catalyst

Abstract: The production of amine intermediates from biomass is capturing increasing attention. Herein, a simple and efficient preparation of l furan-derived amines was developed [e.g., 1-(furan-2-yl)-4-methylpentan-2-amine] with high yield (up to 95 %) from (E)-1-(furan-2-yl)-5-methylhex-1-en-3-one. The catalyst used was Ru/C, and it was recyclable up to the fourth cycle. To further realize cost-efficiency, a one-reactor tandem concept was attempted. To this aim direct reaction from furfural was investigated. A high yield (74 %) towards 1-(furan-2-yl)-4-methylpentan-2-amine could be achieved starting directly from furfural in the presence of methyl isobutyl ketone, NH3 , H2 , and Ru/C catalyst.

5-HMF production from glucose using ion exchange resin and alumina as a dual catalyst in a biphasic system

Abstract: 5-HMF is a platform chemical that can be used in many applications such as biofuels, monomers, industrial feed stocks, etc. In this work 5-HMF was synthesized from glucose in a biphasic system using a batch reactor. Aluminium oxide and ion exchange resin were used as catalysts in this system. The organic solvent and aqueous solvent were methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP). The effect of operating conditions for synthesis of 5-HMF on the yield and selectivity of 5-HMF was studied including aqueous-to-organic phase ratio, NMP-to-water ratio, catalyst dosage, ratio of catalyst, and reaction time. The optimal conditions were at the reaction temperature of 120 °C and reaction time of 480 min, aqueous-to-organic phase ratio of 7 : 3, NMP-to-water ratio of 4 : 1, 0.3 g of catalyst, and the catalyst ratio of 1 : 2. The conversion of glucose, yield of 5-HMF, and selectivity of 5-HMF were 94.036%, 84.92%, and 90.48%, respectively.

Conversion of Glucose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural in a Microreactor.

Abstract: 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is one of the key bio-based platform chemicals for the production of high-value chemicals and fuels. The conventional production of 5-HMF from biomass is confronted by the relatively low yield and high production cost. In this work, the enhancement of a continuous catalytic synthesis of 5-HMF in a biphasic-dispersed flow reactor was proposed. Glucose, hydrochloric acid, and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) were used as a low-cost raw material, catalyst, and organic solvent, respectively. The main factors (reaction temperature, residence time, solvent amount, and catalyst concentration) affecting the yield and selectivity of 5-HMF were studied. The 5-HMF yield of 81.7% and 5-HMF selectivity of 89.8% were achieved at the residence time of 3 min, reaction temperature of 180°C, the volumetric flow rate of aqueous phase to organic phase of 0.5:1, and catalyst concentration of 0.15 M. The yield and selectivity of 5-HMF obtained from the biphasic system were significantly higher than that obtained from the single phase system. The superior 5-HMF production in our system in terms of operating conditions was presented when compared to the literature data. Furthermore, the continuous process for removing HCl from the aqueous product was also proposed.

Review of pervaporation and vapor permeation process factors affecting the removal of water from industrial solvents

Abstract: A recent review article (Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 94: 343–365 (2019)) identified several commercially‐available permselective materials for drying organic solvents with pervaporation (PV) and vapor permeation (V·P) separation processes. The membrane materials included polymeric and inorganic substances exhibiting a range in the performance characteristics: water permeance, water/solvent selectivity, and maximum use temperature. This article provides an overview of the factors affecting the design of PV/V·P processes utilizing these membranes to remove water from common organic solvents. Properties of the specific membrane and of the solvent substantially affect the PV/V·P separation. Equally important is the impact of operating parameters on the overall separation. To study these impacts, simplified process performance equations and detailed spreadsheet calculations were developed for single‐pass and recirculating batch PV systems and for single‐pass V·P systems. Estimates of membrane area, permeate concentration, solvent recovery, permeate condenser temperatures, and heating requirements were calculated. Process variables included: solvent type, water permeance, water/solvent selectivity, initial and final water concentrations, operating temperature (PV) or feed pressure (V·P), temperature drop due to evaporation (PV) or feed‐side pressure drop (V·P), and permeate pressure. The target solvents considered were: acetonitrile, 1‐butanol, N,N‐dimethyl formamide, ethanol, methanol, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl tert‐butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, and 2‐propanol. Published 2019. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

Densities and Viscosities of Binary Mixtures Containing Methyl Isobutyl Ketone and (C6–C10) 1-Alkanol

Abstract: In the present study, to identify the governing intermolecular interactions in the binary mixtures of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) and 1-alkanols (1-hexanol up to 1-decanol), experimental values o...

Manufacture of Platform Chemicals from Pine Wood Polysaccharides in Media Containing Acidic Ionic Liquids.

Abstract: Pinus pinaster wood samples were subjected to chemical processing for manufacturing furans and organic acids from the polysaccharide fractions (cellulose and hemicellulose). The operation was performed in a single reaction stage at 180 or 190 °C, using a microwave reactor. The reaction media contained wood, water, methyl isobutyl ketone, and an acidic ionic liquid, which acted as a catalyst. In media catalyzed with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, up to 60.5% pentosan conversion into furfural was achieved, but the conversions of cellulose and (galacto) glucomannan in levulinic acid were low. Improved results were achieved when AILs bearing a sulfonated alkyl chain were employed as catalysts. In media containing 1-(3-sulfopropyl)-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate as a catalyst, near quantitative conversion of pentosans into furfural was achieved at a short reaction time (7.5 min), together with 32.8% conversion of hexosans into levulinic acid. Longer reaction times improved the production of organic acids, but resulted in some furfural consumption. A similar reaction pattern was observed in experiments using 1-(3-sulfobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate as a catalyst.

A Novel Glass Fiber Coated with Sol–Gel Poly-Diphenylsiloxane Sorbent for the On-Line Determination of Toxic Metals Using Flow Injection Column Preconcentration Platform Coupled with Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Abstract: A novel simple and sensitive, time-based flow injection solid phase extraction system was developed for the automated determination of metals at low concentration. The potential of the proposed scheme, coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), was demonstrated for trace lead and chromium(VI) determination in environmental water samples. The method, which was based on a new sorptive extraction system, consisted of a microcolumn packed with glass fiber coated with sol–gel poly (diphenylsiloxane) (sol–gel PDPS), which is presented here for the first time. The analytical procedure involves the on-line chelate complex formation of target species with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (APDC), retention onto the hydrophobic sol–gel sorbent coated surface of glass fibers, and finally elution with methyl isobutyl ketone prior to atomization. All main chemical and hydrodynamic factors, which affect the complex formation, retention, and elution of the metal, were optimized thoroughly. Furthermore, the tolerance to potential interfering ions appearing in environmental samples was also explored. Enhancement factors of 215 and 70, detection limits (3 s) of 1.1 μg·L−1 and 1.2 μg·L−1, and relative standard deviations (RSD) of 3.0% (at 20.0 μg·L−1) and 3.2% (at 20.0 μg·L−1) were obtained for lead and chromium(VI), respec tively, for 120 s preconcentration time. The trueness of the developed method was estimated by analyzing certified reference materials and spiked environmental water samples.

Solid–Liquid Equilibrium of Lamotrigine in 12 Pure Solvents from T = 283.15 to 323.15 K: Experimental Determination and Thermodynamic Modeling

Abstract: The solubility of lamotrigine in 12 pure solvents, including 1-propanol, isopropanol, 1-butanol, isobutanol, acetone, ethyl propionate, methyl acetate, ethanol, methyl isobutyl ketone, n-pentanol, ...

One-Pot Processing of Eucalyptus globulus Wood under Microwave Heating: Simultaneous Delignification and Polysaccharide Conversion into Platform Chemicals

Abstract: Eucalyptus globulus (E. globulus) wood samples were treated in media containing acidified water and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) in order to achieve the one-pot conversion of the hemicellulosic an...

Effect of various electrolytes and other wastewater constituents on the degradation of volatile organic compounds in aqueous solution by pulsed power plasma technology

Abstract: A gas phase discharge pulsed plasma approach was employed to evaluate the effect of different electrolytes (anions such as CO32−, PO43−, SO42−, Cl− and NO3−) on the degradation of chlorobenzene Plasma degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as chloroform, chlorobenzene, toluene and MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone) in the presence of various wastewater matrices such as sulfate ion, organic matter and turbidity was studied An initial concentration of 200 mg L−1 of each of the VOCs and an input voltage of 17 kV were used The highest degradation of chlorobenzene was obtained in the presence of SO42− ions and lowest when CO32− was present in solution The increase in chlorobenzene removal efficiency in the presence of SO42− could be due to the formation of SO4˙− radicals during plasma discharge The ˙OH radical concentration decreased from 194 to 1067 μM when sulfate was increased from 0 to 8375 mM This may be due to the reaction of ˙OH with sulfate ions to form SO4˙− radicals during plasma discharge By employing tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) as a selective ˙OH scavenger, the role of SO4˙− radicals in chlorobenzene degradation was elucidated A significant positive effect of sulfate on chloroform degradation was also observed Organic matter and turbidity did not show a major effect on the degradation of selected VOCs The turbidity of solutions decreased significantly after 10 min of plasma treatment The results of the study clearly indicate the effectiveness of pulsed power plasma technology for the treatment of industrial wastewaters

Experimental Data and Thermodynamic Modeling of Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium for Valeric Acid Extraction from Aqueous Solutions with Methyl Ethyl Ketone and Methyl Isobutyl Ketone at Several Temperatures

Abstract: Liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) data for the (water + valeric acid + methyl ethyl ketone or methyl isobutyl ketone) ternary systems were measured at T = (298.2, 308.2 and 318.2) K and atmospheric p...

Preparation and Photochromic Performance of Homogeneous Phase Nitrocellulose Membrane Grafting Spirooxazine Moieties

Abstract: The synthesis of 1,3,3-trimethyl-9′-acryloxyspiro[indoline-2,3′(3H)naphtho[2,1-b][l,4]-oxazine] (AISO) was carried out by catalytic esterification of 1,3,3-trimethyl-9′-hydroxyspiro-[indoline-2,3′(3H)naphtho[2,1-b][l,4]oxazine] (SO–OH) and acrylic acid in the presence of 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP). Then, the synthesis of the target copolymer (NC-g-AISO) was was carried out by benzoyl peroxide (BPO)-induced graft copolymerization of the AISO monomer onto nitrocellulose (NC) in a homogeneous methyl isobutyl ketone medium. The structure of NC-g-AISO was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (IR) spectroscopy, 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The photochromic properties of NC-g-AISO were investigated by examining UV–Vis spectra in ethyl acetate solution and solid membrane. Compared with the AISO monomer in ethyl acetate solution, the thermal color decay stability of the colored form of NC-g-AISO in ethyl acetate solution and in solid membrane improved significantly. The thermal color decay reaction rate constants in ethyl acetate solution and membrane at 25 °C were 1.77 × 10–2 and 1.36 × 10–3 s–1, respectively, fitted using the first-order reaction equation. After ten photochromic cycles, the relative absorption intensity of the colored form of NC-g-AISO decreased by 0.85%, indicating that the NC-g-AISO membrane has good reversible photochromic behavior.

Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium and Data Correlation for Quaternary (Methyl Isobutyl Ketone + n-Pentanol + Phenol + Water) System at 101 kPa and 298.2 K: Phenol Coextraction with Synergistic Solvents

Abstract: Needle coke wastewater is rich in phenol and poses a great challenge to industrial implementation of phenol extraction because of the low extraction capacity of current industrial extractants. In t...

Separation and Purification of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone from Acetone + Isopropanol + Water + Methyl Isobutyl Ketone + Methyl Isobutyl Carbinol + Diisobutyl Ketone Mixture.

Abstract: The paper presents the results of the study of phase equilibrium in the system containing acetone, isopropanol, water, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl isobutyl carbinol, and diisobutyl ketone. Mathematical modeling in AspenPlus V.10.0 was chosen as a method of studying. Thermodymanic-topological analysis was used to analyze the structure of the VLE diagram. The technique of studying the full composition diagram based only on a two-dimensional scan (determining the presence of a three-dimensional separatric manifold and distillation regions) was presented and demonstrated on the example of five components constituent of the mixture. It is shown that, in some cases, it is sufficient to study the two-dimensional scan of the phase diagram to predict its internal structure. Two separation flowsheets based on the use of direct and sharp distillation were considered, and the operating column parameters corresponding to minimum energy consumption were determined. The sharp distillation was proved to be less energy-intensive.

Layered double hydroxide/poly(vinylpyrrolidone) coated solid phase microextraction Arrow for the determination of volatile organic compounds in water.

Abstract: Today, wide variety of adsorbents have been developed for sample pretreatment to concentrate and separate harmful substances. However, only a few solid phase microextraction Arrow adsorbents are commercially available. In this study, we developed a new solid phase microextraction Arrow coating, in which nanosheets layered double hydroxides and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) were utilized as the extraction phase and poly(vinyl chloride) as the adhesive. This new coating entailed higher extraction capacity for several volatile organic compounds (allyl methyl sulfide, methyl propyl sulfide, 3-pentanone, 2-butanone, and methyl isobutyl ketone) compared to the commercial Carboxen 1000/polydimethylsiloxane coating. Fabrication parameters for the coating were optimized and extraction and desorption conditions were investigated. The validation of the new solid phase microextraction Arrow coating was accomplished using water sample spiked with volatile organic compounds. Under the optimal conditions, the limits of quantification for the five volatile organic compounds by the new solid phase microextraction Arrow coating and developed gas chromatography with mass spectrometry method were in the range of 0.2-4.6 ng/mL. The proposed method was briefly applied for enrichment of volatile organic compounds in sludge.