Methyl isobutyl ketone

About: Methyl isobutyl ketone is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2071 publications have been published within this topic receiving 26976 citations. The topic is also known as: Hexone & Isobutyl methyl ketone.

Process simulation coupled with LCA for the evaluation of liquid - liquid extraction processes of phenol from aqueous streams

Abstract: The steel industry is currently a major water pollution source, releasing high quantities of chemicals. One of the pollutants is phenol, known for its toxicity even when it is present in low concentrations. Liquid-liquid extraction employing various aromatics and cycloalkanes (i.e., benzene, toluene, cyclohexane, ethylbenzene) and ketones (i.e., methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone and mesityl oxide) as solvents, is studied in the present paper. A comparison among the seven solvents is performed based on process modelling simulation tools and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The simulations of the seven cases under study are conducted at the same wastewater flowrate of 100 tons/h, with a phenol content of 0.2 wt.% and compared using various parameters (i.e., quantity of solvent, steam and power used, quantity of solvent present in the output phenol streams). The simulation results show that the lowest quantity of solvent is registered in the phenol removal which uses cyclohexanone as solvent (e.g., 34,212.40 kg/h), followed by the case which uses mesityl oxide for the liquid-liquid extraction (e.g., 34,759.80 kg/h) and by the case involving cyclohexanone (e.g., 37,490.60 kg/h). The lowest steam consumption is registered also in the case of cyclohexanone usage (e.g., 47.56 GJ/h) while the lowest power consumption corresponds to mesityl oxide usage (e.g., 11.20 MJ/h). The simulation results are then used to perform an environmental analysis, quantified in terms of environmental key performance indicators, embedding several solvents production methods as well as various fuels. Our life cycle assessment leads to the conclusions that the most environmentally friendly design is phenol removal using cyclohexanone as a solvent, whose provision comes from cyclohexane, which in turn is produced from benzene in conjunction with steam production from natural gas. For instance, the lowest global warming potential indicator score is about 342 kg CO2 equivalents per kg of phenol, while the same indicator for the worst solvent, i.e., toluene produced using reforming technology and steam being produced using hard coal as fuel, is almost double (e.g., 341.94 kg CO2 equivalents per kg of phenol vs. 575.30 CO2 equivalents per kg of phenol). Lower values for other impact indicators are also obtained in the phenol removal using cyclohexanone as a solvent with steam being generated form natural gas (e.g., acidification potential indicator is 0.42 kg SO2 equivalents per kg of phenol, eutrophication potential is 4.21 × 10−2 kg PO43- equivalents per kg phenol, ozone depletion potential is 1.13 × 10-9 kg R11 equivalents per kg phenol).

Determination of iron in alkaline salts by ICP-AES using 1-(2-Thiazolylazo)-p-cresol (TAC) for preconcentration and separation

Abstract: The present paper describes the use of 1-(2-thiazolylazo)-p-cresol (TAC) for separation, preconcentration and determination of iron traces (ng g-1) in alkaline salts by the ICP-AES technique. The proposed method is based on the liquid-liquid extraction of the complex formed between iron(III) and 1-(2-thiazolylazo)-p-cresol (TAC). Parameters such as: TAC amount, pH effect, influence of the organic solvent on the extraction, back extraction and mineralization of the organic phase were studied. The results show that the iron(III)-TAC complex, formed in the pH range from 4.0 to 10.0, can be quantitatively extracted from saline solutions (up to 30% NaCl) using isoamyl alcohol, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform or methyl isobutyl ketone as extracting solvent. The solution for the iron determination can be obtained by a back extraction using 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid or 1 mol/L nitric acid solutions or also by mineralization of the organic phase, which was accomplished by evaporation of the organic solvent and digestion of the residue with concentrated nitric acid. The procedure was used for iron determination in several alkaline salt samples. The standard addition technique was applied and the recoveries obtained revealed that the proposed procedure has a good accuracy.

Recovery of BPA and phenol from aqueous effluent streams

Abstract: A method for simultaneously extracting and recovering 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane and phenol from aqueous effluent streams by liquid-liquid extraction using methyl isobutyl ketone.