Methyl isobutyl ketone

About: Methyl isobutyl ketone is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2071 publications have been published within this topic receiving 26976 citations. The topic is also known as: Hexone & Isobutyl methyl ketone.

Single-stage liquid-phase synthesis of methyl isobutyl ketone under mild conditions

Abstract: In this study, a catalyst mixture of activated Mg/Al hydrotalcite as solid base and Pd on carbon nanofibers was investigated for the single-stage liquid-phase synthesis of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) from acetone and H2 at 313 K and H2 pressures of 1–20 bar. With this catalyst system acetone and H2 are selectively converted into MIBK in a single reactor, even at 1.2 bar H2. Although the hydrogenation of one of the intermediates, mesityl oxide (MO), at 1.2 bar suffers from severe mass transfer limitations in H 2, the catalytic activity in the single-stage synthesis is stable over several hours if the steady-state concentration of MO is kept low. Under the presented conditions the dehydration reaction of diacetone alcohol to MO is rate limiting in the production of MIBK. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Studies of liquid‐induced crystallization of bisphenol a polycarbonate

Abstract: The course of liquid-induced crystallization of a bisphenol A-derived polycarbonate was investigated using acetone, methyl propyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and xylene as swelling agents. It was found that above a certain temperature, characteristic of a given polycarbonate–swelling agent system, the diffusion process takes place with the formation of a sharp boundary. The velocity of motion of the diffusion front was determined at various temperatures, and these data were then used to calculate the apparent diffusion coefficients and diffusion activation energies for the different swelling liquids employed. Moreover, a distinct separation of the diffusion and crystallization fronts was observed in the systems investigated, changes in the distance between these two fronts having been determined for various swelling temperatures. The above phenomenon was used to determine the experimental conditions making possible the characterization of a crystallization process not controlled by the diffusion of the swelling agent into the sample. The dependence of half-times of crystallization on temperature was determined based on crystallization kinetics studies performed by means of a light depolarization technique.

Determination of heavy metals in a menhaden oil after refining and hydrogenation using several analytical methods

Abstract: A series of menhaden oils collected at various stages of processing have been analyzed for zinc, cadmium, lead, copper and arsenic by wet digestion and electrothermal atomization-atomic absorption spectrophotometry (aas). The results are compared, for some metals, with 2 other methods of oil treatment: extraction with nitric acid and dilution with methyl isobutyl ketone. Both the extraction and dilution procedures appeared to measure only the loosely bound, inorganic portion of the metals: determination of the total metal content including organometallics required wet digestion. The crude oil contained the largest metal burden but successive refining steps reduced the metal content to a level which met the FAO/WHO Codex standards. Hydrogenation did not significantly alter the metal concentration in the oils.

Thermosettable resin compositions and method for forming low friction surface coatings

Abstract: An aerosol composition comprises nitrocellulose, low molecular weight PTFE and organic liquids plus dichlorodifluoromethane and is used for spraying low-friction coatings on to moving parts of doors and windowsALSO:Dispersions comprise 5 to 60% of particles of a fluorocarbon polymer having a molecular weight of 2,000 to 10,000, 40 to 95% of a thermosettable or thermoplastic resin, 0 to 30% of particles of polytetrafluoroethylene having a molecular weight above 500,000, and a solvent for the said resin, the percentages being based on the total weight of solids Specified fluorocarbon polymers are polymers and copolymers of ethylene, propylene and butylene completely substituted with fluorine or fluorine and chlorine, eg polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, and copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene with hexafluoropropylene or octafluorobutylene Specified resins are phenolic, epoxy, alkyd, polyurethane, urea, melamine, triazine, thermosetting silicone and thermosetting acrylic resins, and cellulosic and vinyl resins, chlorinated rubbers, acrylics, polycarbonates, polyalkenes, polyamides and hydrocarbon resins Many suitable resins are specified, and solvent systems which may be wholly organic or partly aqueous suitable for use therewith are described The dispersions may also comprise up to 40% by weight of the solids of lubricants, eg graphite, molybdenum disulphide, boron nitride, talc, vermiculite, cadmium chloride, tungsten disulphide, silver sulphide, metal-free phthalocyanine, lead monoxide, chromic chloride, manganous chloride and nickelous chloride The compositions may be used for coating metals, glass, wood, leather, rubber and plastics, the coatings being dried and, in the case of thermosetting resins, cured at an elevated curing temperature Examples describe compositions comprising low molecular weight tetrafluoroethylene polymers and (I) and (II) phenolformaldehyde resin, glycol monoethyl ether acetate, n-butanol, toluene and methyl isobutyl ketone; III alkylated ureaformaldehyde resin, glycol monoethyl ether, toluene and n-butanol; (IV) epoxy modified phenol-formaldehyde resin, glycol monoethyl ether acetate, toluene, n-butanol and methyl isobutyl ketone; (V) thermosetting silicone resin, glycol monoethyl ether acetate, toluene, n-butanol, trichlorotrifluoroethane and zinc octoate; (VI) soya oil modified alkyd resin, xylene, lead octoate and cobalt octoate; (VII) epoxy resin, glycol monoethyl ether, toluene, nbutanol and methyl isobutyl ketone; (VIII) thermosetting acrylic acid copolymer, glycol monoethyl ether, toluene, n-butanol and methyl isobutyl ketone; (IX) polyurethane resin, toluene and methyl isobutyl ketone; (X) phenol-formaldehyde resin, glycol monoethyl ether acetate, tolune, n-butanol, methyl isobutyl ketone and tungsten disulphide; (XI) phenol-formaldehyde resin, high molecular weight polytetrafluoroethylene, glycol monoethyl ethyl ether acetate, toluene, butanol and methyl isobutyl ketone; (XV) phenol-formaldehyde resin, graphite, glycol monoethyl ether acetate, tolune, butanol and methyl isobutyl ketone; (XVI) nitrocellulose, n-propyl acetate, butanol, toluene, and isopropanol; (XIX) cellulose acetate butyrate, toluene, denatured ethanol and methyl ethyl ketone; (XX) ethyl cellulose, xylene and methyl isobutyl ketone; (XXI) a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-maleic acid copolymer, toluene, cyclohexanone and methyl isobutyl ketone; (XXII) polyvinyl butyral, butanol, propyl acetate, propanol, toluene and trichlorotrifluoroethane; (XXIII) acrylic ester polymer, toluene and methyl isobutyl ketone; (XXIV) hydrocarbon resin, xylene and toluene; (XXV) chlorinated rubber, xylene and methyl isobutyl ketone; (XXVI) nitrocellulose, high molecular weight polytetrafluoroethylene, butanol, isopropanol, toluene and propyl acetate; (XXVII) nitrocellulose, butanol, isopropanol, toluene, propyl acetate and graphite; (XXX) nitrocellulose, isopropanol and molybdenum disulphide; (XXXI) nitrocellulose, isopropanol and graphite; and (XXXII) nitrocellulose, butanol, propanol, toluene and propyl acetateALSO:Substrates, eg of metal, glass, wood, leather, rubber and plastic, are coated eg by spraying with dispersions comprising 5-60% of particles of a fluorocarbon polymer of molecular weight 2000-10,000, 40-95% of a thermosettable or thermoplastic resin, 0-30% of particles of polytetrafluoroethylene having a molecular weight above 500,000, and a solvent for said resin, the percentages being based on the total weight of solids Examples describe the coating of steel panels and bearing races with dispersions comprising low molecular weight tetrafluoroethylene polymers and (I and II) phenol/formaldehyde resin, ethoxyethyl acetate, n-butanol, toluene and methyl isobutyl ketone; (III) alkylated urea/formaldehyde resin, ethoxyethanol, toluene and n-butanol; (IV) epoxy modified phenol/formaldehyde resin, ethoxyethyl acetate, toluene, n-butanol and methyl isobutyl ketone; (V) thermosetting silicone resin, ethoxyethyl acetate, toluene, n-butanol, trichlorotrifluoroethane and zinc octoate; (VI) soya oil modified alkyd resin, xylene, lead octoate and cobalt octoate; (VII) epoxy resin, ethoxyethanol, toluene, n-butanol and methyl isobutyl ketone; (VIII) acrylic acid copolymer, ethoxyethanol, toluene, butanol and methyl isobutyl ketone; (X) phenol/formaldehyde resin, ethoxyethyl acetate, toluene, butanol, methyl isobutyl ketone and tungsten disulphide; (XII) phenol/formaldehyde resin, ethoxyethyl acetate, toluene, butanol, methyl isobutyl ketone, together with (XI) high molecular weight polytetrafluoroethylene; (XVI) nitrocellulose, n-propyl acetate, butanol, isopropanol and toluene; (XIX) cellulose acetate butyrate, toluene, ethanol and methyl ethyl ketone; (XX) ethyl cellulose, xylene and methyl isobutyl ketone; (XXI) vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate/maleic acid copolymer, toluene, cyclohexanone and methyl isobutyl ketone; (XXII) polyvinyl butyral, butanol, propyl acetate, propanol, toluene and trichlorotrifluoroethane; (XXIII) acrylic ester polymer, toluene and methyl isobutyl ketone; (XXIV) hydrocarbon resin, xylene and toluene; (XXV) chlorinated rubber, xylene and methyl isobutyl ketone; (XXVI) nitrocellulose, high molecular weight polytetrafluoroethylene, butanol, isopropanol, toluene and propyl acetate; and (XXVII) nitrocellulose, butanol, isopropanol, toluene, propyl acetate and graphite; the coating of rubber automobile window mouldings with dispersions comprising (IX) low molecular weight polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane resin, toluene and methyl isobutyl ketone; and the coating of window channels, drawer edges and door facings with dispersions comprising (XXXII) low molecular weight polytetrafluoroethylene, nitrocellulose, toluene, propanol, butanol and propyl acetate