Topic
Methylglyoxal
About: Methylglyoxal is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2844 publications have been published within this topic receiving 102037 citations. The topic is also known as: acetylformaldehyde & pyruvaldehyde.
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TL;DR: Although an enzyme system capable of converting acetone into acetol has not been detected, the inclusion of acetol in the pathway is supported by the results of studies with whole cells and [14C]acetone.
Abstract: Four Gram-positive bacteria have been isolated from separate soil samples by enrichment culture with acetone as sole source of carbon. Whole cells of all strains grown on acetone rapidly oxidized acetone, acetol and methylglyoxal, and three of the four also oxidized isopropanol. The patterns of induced enzymes in cell extracts are compatible with the oxidation sequence: isopropanol → acetone → acetol → methylglyoxal → pyruvate. Although an enzyme system capable of converting acetone into acetol has not been detected, the inclusion of acetol in the pathway is supported by the results of studies with whole cells and [14C]acetone. The proposed pathway of acetone metabolism is contrasted with evidence for an alternative, but not fully understood, pathway used by Mycobacterium vaccae JOB5.
100 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that resveratrol has potential in reducing glycation in foods and retarding carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzyme activities and trapping MGO capability.
100 citations
TL;DR: This research qualifies α-amino-β-mercapto-β,β-dimethyl-ethane as a promising pharmacophore for the development of related α-dicarbonyl scavengers as therapeutic agents to protect cells against carbonyl stress.
100 citations
TL;DR: The decrease of glyoxalase I expression with increasing AD stage might be one reason for methylglyoxal-induced neuronal impairment, apoptosis, and AGE formation in plaques and tangles.
99 citations
TL;DR: Proline and betaine mitigated salt stress through reduction of H2O2 accumulation during short-term incubation and via reduction of the accumulation of H 2O2 and MG during long-term adventation.
Abstract: Efficient detoxification of the reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide (NO) and methylglyoxal (MG), provides protection against NaCl-induced damage in plants. To elucidate the protective mechanisms of proline and glycinebetaine (betaine) against NaCl stress, intracellular levels of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), superoxide (O(2)(-)), NO, and MG were investigated in tobacco Bright Yellow-2 cells. The Levels of H(2)O(2), O(2)(-), NO and MG were higher in the short-term and long-term NaCl-stressed cells than in the non-stressed cells, whereas the O(2)(-) level was higher in the long-term stressed cells. Exogenous proline and betaine decreased the H(2)O(2) level in both the short-term and the long-term NaCl-stressed cells and the MG level in the long-term NaCl-stressed cells, but did not change the O(2)(-) or NO levels. Under salt stress, both proline and betaine increased the transcription levels of glutathione peroxidase, which can contribute to the reduction of H(2)O(2). In conclusion, proline and betaine mitigated salt stress via reduction of H(2)O(2) accumulation during short-term incubation and via reduction of the accumulation of H(2)O(2) and MG during long-term incubation.
99 citations