Topic
Microsimulation
About: Microsimulation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2853 publications have been published within this topic receiving 43318 citations. The topic is also known as: microsimulation.
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TL;DR: Floating car data of car-following behavior in cities were compared to existing microsimulation models, after their parameters had been calibrated to the experimental data and good results were obtained with the proposed generalized force model.
Abstract: Floating car data of car-following behavior in cities were compared to existing microsimulation models, after their parameters had been calibrated to the experimental data. With these parameter values, additional simulations have been carried out, e.g., of a moving car which approaches a stopped car. It turned out that, in order to manage such kinds of situations without producing accidents, improved traffic models are needed. Good results were obtained with the proposed generalized force model.
958 citations
TL;DR: The objective of this paper is to describe the entire system at a sufficient level of detail to convey the key specification and design choices made in implementing the system.
Abstract: UrbanSim is a new urban simulation model, developed over the past several years, which is now operational in three urban areas in the United States. The model system is designed to address emerging needs to better coordinate transportation and land use planning as a result of recognition of the strong interactions between land use and transportation, increasing pressure from federal transportation and environmental legislation, and growing adoption of state growth management programs. The model system is implemented as a set of interacting model components that represent the major actors and choices in the urban system, including household moving and residential location, business choices of employment location, and developer choices of locations and types of real estate development, all subject to the influence of governmental transportation and land use policy scenarios. The model design is unusual in the degree of disaggregation of space, time, and agents, and in the adoption of a dynamic disequilibrium approach. The objective of this paper is to describe the entire system at a sufficient level of detail to convey the key specification and design choices made in implementing the system.
421 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of increasing traditional welfare to introducing in-work benefits in the 15 pre-enlargement countries of the European Union were compared, using a labour supply model encompassing responses to taxes and transfers along both the intensive and extensive margins.
Abstract: This article compares the effects of increasing traditional welfare to introducing in-work benefits in the 15 (pre-enlargement) countries of the European Union. We use a labour supply model encompassing responses to taxes and transfers along both the intensive and extensive margins, and the EUROMOD microsimulation model to estimate current marginal and participation tax rates. We quantify the equity-efficiency trade-off for a range of elasticity parameters. In most countries, because of large existing welfare programmes with high phase-out rates, increasing traditional welfare is undesirable unless the redistributive tastes of the government are extreme. In contrast, the in-work benefit reform is desirable in a very wide set of cases.
415 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss microsimulation techniques and their theoretical background as a tool for the analysis of public policies, with emphasis on tax incidence, redistribution, and poverty analysis.
Abstract: During the last 20 years, microsimulation models have been increasingly applied in qualitative and quantitative analysis of public policies. This paper discusses microsimulation techniques and their theoretical background as a tool for the analysis of public policies. It next analyses basic principles for using microsimulation models and interpreting their results, with emphasis on tax incidence, redistribution and poverty analysis. It then discusses social welfare analysis permitted by microsimulation techniques and points to the limits of present approaches and some directions for future developments.
406 citations
TL;DR: Orcutt G as discussed by the authors proposed a new type of socio-economic system, a new socioeconomic system based on the concept of a new class of socioeconomics, which he called a socio-political system.
Abstract: By permission of MIT Press reproduced below is the full text of Orcutt G (1957) ‘A new type of socio-economic system’, Review of Economics and Statistics, 39(2), 116-123.
376 citations