Topic
Millisecond
About: Millisecond is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1100 publications have been published within this topic receiving 21130 citations. The topic is also known as: ms.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
846 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported the discovery of a millisecond radio pulsar in the persistent flux of an X-ray binary system, confirming theoretical expectations, but without direct proof.
Abstract: Ordinary radio pulsars1 are neutron stars with magnetic fields of ∼1012 gauss and spin periods in the range 0.1 to 3 seconds. In contrast, millisecond radio pulsars2 have much weaker fields (∼109 gauss) and faster, millisecond spin rates. For both types of pulsar, the energy driving the radio pulsations is thought to be derived from the rotation of the neutron star. The star gradually ‘spins down’ as energy is radiated away. Millisecond radio pulsars are often located in binary systems3. In a widely accepted theoretical model4,5, they started as ordinary pulsars which lost most of their magnetic field and were ‘spun up’ to millisecond periods by the accretion of matter from a companion star in an X-ray binary system. Evidence6,7,8,9,10,11 for this model has gradually mounted, but direct proof—in the form of the predicted coherent millisecond X-ray pulsations in the persistent flux of an X-ray binary has been lacking, despite many searches12,13,14,15. Here we report the discovery16 of such a pulsar, confirming theoretical expectations. The source will probably become a millisecond radio pulsar when the accretion turns off completely.
714 citations
TL;DR: A microfluidic chip for performing kinetic measurements with better than millisecond resolution and biocompatibility with RNase A, which could serve as an inexpensive and economical complement to stopped-flow methods for a broad range of time-resolved experiments and assays in chemistry and biochemistry.
Abstract: This paper describes a microfluidic chip for performing kinetic measurements with better than millisecond resolution. Rapid kinetic measurements in microfluidic systems are complicated by two problems: mixing is slow and dispersion is large. These problems also complicate biochemical assays performed in microfluidic chips. We have recently shown (Song, H.; Tice, J. D.; Ismagilov, R. F. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2003, 42, 768−772) how multiphase fluid flow in microchannels can be used to address both problems by transporting the reagents inside aqueous droplets (plugs) surrounded by an immiscible fluid. Here, this droplet-based microfluidic system was used to extract kinetic parameters of an enzymatic reaction. Rapid single-turnover kinetics of ribonuclease A (RNase A) was measured with better than millisecond resolution using sub-microliter volumes of solutions. To obtain the single-turnover rate constant (k = 1100 ± 250 s-1), four new features for this microfluidics platform were demonstrated: (i) rapid o...
696 citations
McGill University1, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation2, Swinburne University of Technology3, University of British Columbia4, National Radio Astronomy Observatory5, West Virginia University6, Lebedev Physical Institute7, University of Amsterdam8, University of Virginia9, University of Texas at Brownsville10, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill11, Massachusetts Institute of Technology12
TL;DR: In this paper, a radio millisecond pulsar (MSP) was detected in a low-mass x-ray binary (LMXB) system with an optically identified companion star.
Abstract: Radio pulsars with millisecond spin periods are thought to have been spun up by the transfer of matter and angular momentum from a low-mass companion star during an x-ray-emitting phase. The spin periods of the neutron stars in several such low-mass x-ray binary (LMXB) systems have been shown to be in the millisecond regime, but no radio pulsations have been detected. Here we report on detection and follow-up observations of a nearby radio millisecond pulsar (MSP) in a circular binary orbit with an optically identified companion star. Optical observations indicate that an accretion disk was present in this system within the past decade. Our optical data show no evidence that one exists today, suggesting that the radio MSP has turned on after a recent LMXB phase.
587 citations
TL;DR: The end of at least one cable is connected to a float and the other end exerts a tractive effort on one or a number of collecting vehicles which land on the bottom at predetermined points with respect to the point of landing of the ballast.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract The first millisecond X-ray variability phenomena from accreting compact objects have recently been discovered with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. Three new phenomena are observed from low-mass X-ray binaries containing low-magnetic-field neutron stars: millisecond pulsations, burst oscillations, and kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations. Models for these new phenomena involve the neutron star spin and orbital motion close around the neutron star, and rely explicitly on our understanding of strong gravity and dense matter. I review the observations of these new neutron-star phenomena and some possibly related phenomena in black-hole candidates, and describe the attempts to use these observations to perform measurements of fundamental physical interest in these systems.
576 citations