Topic
Mimosine
About: Mimosine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 496 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8812 citations. The topic is also known as: Leucenine & Leucaenine.
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TL;DR: In the absence of any disease in the animals, clearance has been given for the wider use of these cultures in areas where Leucaena is grown, and limited evidence suggests that the leucaena toxicity problem can be solved by the use ofThese introduced bacteria.
Abstract: Cattle and goats in Australia lack the ability to totally degrade 3-hydroxy-4(1H)-pyridone, also known as 3,4-dihydroxy pyridine (3,4 DHP), the ruminal metabolite of mimosine, a toxic aminoacid present in the leguminous shrub Leucaena leucocephala. Ruminants in Hawaii have this capacity due to the presence of micro-organisms able to rapidly degrade the DHP. A mixed bacterial population capable of rapidly degrading DHP in vitro was isolated from a goat on the island of Maui. Cultures were grown anaerobically, without added sugars, in Medium 98-5 containing DHP. Cultures at a dilution of 10(-12) from the original rumen fluid were introduced into Townsville and further sub-cultured and multiplied in vitro in strict isolation at the Oonoonba Veterinary Laboratory, Townsville. Infusion of the culture into a goat and a steer fed a 100% leucaena diet resulted in cessation of DHP excretion in the urine. After 60 days the serum thyroxine levels and thyroid size were normal and there were no clinical signs of disease. The ability of the rumen fluid to degrade DHP in vitro showed that the bacteria had become established in the rumen. In the absence of any disease in the animals, clearance has been given for the wider use of these cultures in areas where leucaena is grown. The limited evidence suggests that the leucaena toxicity problem can be solved by the use of these introduced bacteria.
223 citations
TL;DR: A new genus and species designation is proposed, Synergistes jonesii, for rumen bacteria that are able to degrade the toxic compound, 3-hydroxy-4(lH)-pyridone (3,4 DHP), that is produced in the rumen from mimosine.
218 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that mimosine inhibits cell cycle traverse in the late G1 phase prior to the onset of DNA synthesis and identifies a previously undefined reversible cell cycle arrest point.
193 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The usefulness of quercetin in studies of the regulation of late G1 phase is suggested, suggesting the possibility that the M(r) 60,000 protein induces DNA synthesis after the cell is released from a quERCetin block.
Abstract: The effect of quercetin, a flavonoid found in many plants, on the proliferation of human leukemic T-cells was analyzed. Quercetin reversibly blocked the cell cycle at a point 3-6 h before the start of DNA synthesis. Expression of the growth-related genes histone H4, cyclin A and B, and p34cdc2 was suppressed in cells blocked with quercetin. Comparison of the quercetin arrest points with those of the cell cycle inhibitors aphidicolin and mimosine revealed a temporal order of arrest points in G1 of quercetin, mimosine, and aphidicolin. Mimosine and aphidicolin did not inhibit the expression of cyclin A or p34cdc2, whereas all three reagents inhibited expression of cyclin B. Low concentrations of the protein inhibitor cycloheximide inhibited release of the quercetin but not the mimosine or aphidicolin block. A [35S]methionine-labeled M(r) 60,000 protein disappeared in quercetin-treated cells and was rapidly synthesized after removal of quercetin, suggesting the possibility that the M(r) 60,000 protein induces DNA synthesis after the cell is released from a quercetin block. These results suggest the usefulness of quercetin in studies of the regulation of late G1 phase.
191 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that 0.5 mM mimosine can induce a cell cycle arrest of human somatic cells in late G1 phase, before establishment of active DNA replication forks, which can be exploited for studying the initiation of human DNA replication in vitro.
175 citations