Showing papers on "Mineral absorption published in 1983"
TL;DR: Results confirm findings from animal studies and previous human studies and show that, in infants, lactose has a significant and sustained promoting effect on absorption of calcium and other minerals.
Abstract: To determine if lactose promotes the intestinal absorption of calcium and other minerals by infants, metabolic balance studies were performed with infants fed two formulas nearly identical in composition except for carbohydrate. One contained only lactose and the other contained sucrose and corn starch hydrolysate. Each of six normal infants had two balance studies performed with each formula in alternating sequence. When lactose was the carbohydrate, net absorption and net retention of calcium were significantly greater than when lactose was not present in the formula. Absorptions of magnesium and manganese were also significantly enhanced by lactose. Absorptions of copper and zinc were somewhat greater (not statistically significant) when lactose was present, whereas absorption of iron was not affected. Absorption of phosphorus was not different, but urinary excretion was less when the lactose containing formula was fed and, hence, net retention of phosphorus was significantly enhanced. These results confirm findings from animal studies and previous human studies and show that, in infants, lactose has a significant and sustained promoting effect on absorption of calcium and other minerals.
164 citations
TL;DR: Eighteen wether lambs, surgically equipped with abomasal and ileal cannulae, were used in two metabolism trials and animals fed the low K diet had a negative absorption of K preintestinally with the small intestine being the main site of absorption.
Abstract: Eighteen wether lambs, surgically equipped with abomasal and ileal cannulae, were used in two metabolism trials. Two levels of dietary Mg (.1 and .2%) and three levels of K (.6, 2.4 and 4.8%, dry basis) were fed with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. Each trial consisted of a 10-d preliminary period, a 7-d collection of feed, feces and urine for determining mineral balance and a 6-d sampling of feed, abomasal and ileal fluid and feces to determine flow and site of mineral absorption. Magnesium absorption occurred before the small intestine. Feeding 2.4 and 4.8% K decreased (P less than .05) Mg absorption by 24.4 and 61.2%, respectively. Preintestinal absorption of Mg was depressed linearly with increases in dietary potassium. Larger amounts of Mg flowed to the small intestine and were excreted in the feces when the high level of Mg was fed. A net secretion of Mg into the small intestine followed by a small amount of Mg absorption in the large intestine was also found. Serum Mg was depressed 7 and 10% when diets containing 2.4 and 4.8% potassium were fed, respectively. Magnesium level did not affect K absorption or balance. Potassium absorption, retention and urinary excretion increased (P less than .05) with increasing K level. Animals fed the low K diet had a negative absorption of K preintestinally with the small intestine being the main site of absorption. Increasing K level resulted in approximately equal amounts of K being absorbed in the stomach and small intestine.
86 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that wheat bran and, in particular, the cell-wall polysaccharides of bran, are unlikely to exert a significant effect on mineral absorption in man, in amounts customarily eaten, independently of the effect of phytate present in the bran.
Abstract: The capacity of wheat bran to impair mineral absorption independent of its phytate content was studied by metabolic balance studies in man. Three breads were prepared, equivalent to white, brown and wholemeal, by adding bran in different quantities to white flour. Calcium, iron, zinc and sodium phytate were added to the loaves to make the amounts equal in all breads. Six healthy volunteers were studied for three consecutive 24-d-periods during which they ate a controlled diet, typical of that normally consumed in the UK but with 200 g bread/d. Only the type of bread changed between each dietary period. The phytate contents (mmol) of 200 g of each of the breads after baking were: white 2.3, brown 2.1 and wholemeal 2.2; non-starch polysaccharide contents (g) were: white 3.3, brown 10.9 and wholemeal 18.7. The increased amount of bran in the breads increased stool output in the expected way but no change was seen in Ca, Zn and Fe balance. Blood levels of these minerals remained unchanged. It is concluded that wheat bran and, in particular, the cell-wall polysaccharides of bran, are unlikely to exert a significant effect on mineral absorption in man, in amounts customarily eaten, independently of the effect of phytate present in the bran.
73 citations
TL;DR: Mineral utilization was studied by metabolic balance techniques in 10 healthy male volunteers fed diets containing 65 and 94 g protein, with apparent mineral absorption and balance unchanged by this modest increase in dietary protein.
54 citations
TL;DR: The data indicate that the lower fat content was the main reason for the increased mineral absorption, although the low-fat diet contained larger amounts of the minerals studied than did the high- fat diet.
Abstract: The absorption of calcium, magnesium, and zinc was studied by the metabolic balance technique at two fat intake levels in nine patients with fat malabsorption. The net absorption of all three minerals was significantly higher from the 40-g fat diet than from the 100-g fat diet. The data indicate that the lower fat content was the main reason for the increased mineral absorption, although the low-fat diet contained larger amounts of the minerals studied than did the high-fat diet.
41 citations
TL;DR: The patterns of TiO2 and 45Ca excretion were similar, indicating thatTiO2 was a good marker of unabsorbed calcium transit and lactose had a favorable effect on phosphorus absorption only in CV rats.
Abstract: For 4 weeks, 3-month old germfree (GF) and conventional (CV) rats were given a semi-synthetic diet sterilized by irradiation with or without 10% of lactose. During the 5th week, 0.2% of titanium oxide (TiO2) was added to the diet and the rats were killed at regular intervals throughout the light/dark cycle. The patterns of TiO2 and 45Ca excretion were similar, indicating that TiO2 was a good marker of unabsorbed calcium transit. The apparent absorption coefficient of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus was determined in the ileum, caecum, large intestine and faeces by the mineral/TiO2 ratio. The effects of microflora and lactose varied with the mineral and the digestive tract level studied. --In the small intestine, microflora had no effect on the apparent absorption of calcium and magnesium but did have an unfavorable influence on phosphorus absorption. Lactose increased calcium and magnesium absorption, and this increase was similar in GF and CV rats, but lactose had a favorable effect on phosphorus absorption only in CV rats. --In the caecum, microflora had an unfavorable effect on the apparent absorption of calcium and magnesium and a favorable effect on phosphorus absorption. The ingestion of lactose reduced calcium and magnesium absorption in the caecum of GF rats and phosphorus absorption in the caecum of CV animals. --In the colon, mineral absorption was not significant in either CV or GF rats receiving the lactose-free diets. Lactose ingestion caused the absorption of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus to rise significantly only in GF rats. This absorption contributed to the stronger effect of lactose on total calcium and phosphorus absorption in GF rats.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, pigs were individually housed and fed diets containing either 0, 10 or 20% wheat bran, and the results showed that the addition of 20% bran reduced dry matter and crude fiber digestibility.
Abstract: Twenty-four pigs were individually housed and fed diets containing either 0, 10 or 20% wheat bran. Digestion trials (chromic oxide indicator) were conducted when the pigs had been fed the diets for 14 days (period 1) and again after 80 days (period 2). Addition of 20% wheat bran reduced (P < 0.01) dry matter and crude fiber digestibility. Fe absorption was nonsignificantly depressed by wheat bran during period 1 but increased (P < 0.05) during period 2 while Cu absorption was depressed (P < 0.01) during period 1 but not period 2. Zn absorption was nonsignificantly depressed for the 20% wheat bran diet during period 1 but was significantly depressed (P < 0.05) for both bran diets during period 2. Apparent P absorption was increased (P < 0.01) with both bran diets. An indigestible bran fraction recovered from feces indicated that bran fiber accumulated Ca, Cu, Sr, Al and B to some extent, and Fe and Zn to a great extent. In younger animals, Fe and Cu may be the elements of greatest concern while in older an...
24 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an infant formula (BCF) containing viable cells of B. bifidum and modified Ca/P ratio modelled on the pattern of human milk was evaluated through clinical investigations.
Abstract: An infant formula (BCF) containing viable cells of B. bifidum and modified Ca/P ratio modelled on the pattern of human milk was evaluated through clinical investigations. Physiological response of infants was monitored with regard to mineral utilization in comparison with human milk and commercial formula (CCF). The retention of Ca was observed to be 56.93, 60.13 and 26.68% amongst BCF-fed, breast-fed and CCF-fed infants, respectively. Corresponding values for P were found to be 93.60, 98.60 and 84.42% respectively. Likewise, relevant values for iron were observed to be 32.50, 36.40 and 9.77% respectively. Superior absorption of minerals from BCF could be attributed to the acidic environment of intestines resulting from the proliferation of bifidus microflora, favourable Ca/P ratio and high lactose content of formula.