Mineral absorption

About: Mineral absorption is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 346 publications have been published within this topic receiving 11296 citations.

The effect of supplemental vitamin C on performance, antioxidant capacity, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of steers fed high sulfur finishing diets

Abstract: The incorporation of ethanol industry co-products, such as dried distillers grains plus solubles, to feedlot diets in the United States may be inadvertently exposing cattle to high amounts of dietary sulfur. High sulfur diets have repeatedly been reported to decrease growth and carcass performance, health, and copper status; however, little to no information is available concerning the implications that high sulfur diets have on the antioxidant capacity or meat quality of cattle. Thus, the subsequent research trials were designed to: 1) examine the impacts of high dietary S on diet digestibility and macro and micro mineral absorption and retention, 2) determine the effect of supplementing a rumen-protected vitamin C during the entire finishing period of steers on growth performance, trace mineral status, antioxidant capacity, carcass characteristics, and meat quality, 3) determine the optimal dose of supplemental vitamin C within a high sulfur diet on growth performance, blood metabolites, carcass characteristics, and meat quality, and 4) identify the influence of timing of vitamin C supplementation during the finishing period on growth performance, plasma vitamin C and glutathione concentrations, and carcass characteristics. Within our first research objective, the consumption of a high sulfur diet for at least 28 days decreased copper, manganese, and zinc retention in steers. These trace minerals are components of antioxidant enzymes, suggesting a lesser availability of these minerals may decrease antioxidant capacity of the animal. Within our second research objective, supplementing vitamin C (10 g per steer per day) to calf-fed steers consuming a high sulfur (0.55%) diet for 149 days prevented a decline in circulating ascorbate throughout the finishing period and increased marbling scores from high Select to low Choice compared to the high sulfur, non-vitamin C supplemented steers. The inclusion of vitamin C to the high sulfur diet prevented the ratio of oxidized-to-reduced

The Influence of Nitrogen Supply on the Photosynthetic Characteristics and Water Relation in Young Barley Leaves

Abstract: The relationship between mineral nutrition and the rate of photosynthesis is very complex. In brief, a certain rate of photosynthesis is necessary to maintain the mineral element absorption by the roots, and conversely, a certain rate of mineral absorption is necessary to maintain photosynthesis (R. Brouwer, 1962). In the case of nitrogen nutrition this relationship is very clear. The RuBP carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBPCO), the main enzyme of photosynthetic CO2 fixation, contains the majority of leaf nitrogen (J.K. Bolton, R.H. Brown, 1980). Nitrogen supply affects the RuBPCO content and activity (K. Winter et al., 1982). The total volume of leaves is reduced under nitrogen deficiency (J. Pazourek, L. Natr, 1981), and hence, the transport of CO2 into chloroplasts is affected, which is evident from the change of the mesophyll and stomatal resistances to CO2 transfer. The nitrogen deficient plants exhibit a greater portion of mitochondrial respiration in light than do normal plants.

Effects of Root Environments on Mineral Composition of Vegetable Foods

Abstract: Effects of root environments on absorption of mineral nutrients in plants are examined using excised roots of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Radioisotopes and multi-compartment transport boxes [see method column] were used to understand separately absorption and translocation in cases of several ions. Effects of hydrogen ions (pH) and calcium ions (Ca+) have been studied as important factors of root environments. At pH 3, substantial ion absorption has been lost except in the case of iron. Iron absorption looks rather like adsorption, because negligible radioactive iron can be found in the outer sections of excised roots examined. At pH 3.0 where a quick adsorption or absorption of iron is found, the hydrogen ion concentration is equivalent to 1.0 mM. Even though this low pH level is fatal to plants, similar severe condition can be seen in a solution culture experiment, after the renewal of complete nutrient solution containing a few mM of ammonium, whenever ammoniumtolerant plants have grown up sufficiently. Calcium disturbed absorption of other ions as like a commonly accepted theory in the field of plant nutrition. Calcium interruption is more severe to sodium, monovalent cation, than to iron and manganese, polyvalent cations. However there is exception that an available fraction exuded into the terminal compartment through xylem is rather stable between non-and 0.5 mM calcium levels. Besides the difference of carried fractions between the non-and the low calcium treatment is not clear in the roots apart from the radio-activated tip section. The calcium effect to reduce the acid injury can be observed by its decreasing tendency in the leak of sodium or manganese during its translocation at pH 3.5.