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Mitotic index

About: Mitotic index is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3914 publications have been published within this topic receiving 101766 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the antigenotoxic potential and proliferative effects of phloridzin on human lymphocytes were explored by employing chromosome aberration, micronucleus and comet assays.
Abstract: Phytochemicals have a vast number of properties contributing to human health by acting on numerous different mechanisms. Phloridzin, a phytochemical mainly found in Malus species, possesses diverse biological activities including anti-diabetic and antioxidative activities. Here, our aim is to explore antigenotoxic potential and proliferative effects of phloridzin on human lymphocytes in vitro by employing chromosome aberration, micronucleus and comet assays. Mitomycin C, both an anticancer and genotoxic agent, was utilized to induce genotoxicity. Phloridzin significantly suppressed the genotoxic effects of mitomycin C at 125-500 µg/mL concentrations in all assays used (p < 0.05). We also revealed that phloridzin and mitomycin C combination had a significantly negative effect on mitotic index (p < 0.05), whereas in general, gender differences did not play a role in manifestation of neither antigenotoxic nor antiproliferative activities of the combination.These results suggest that phloridzin is an antigenotoxic compound and its consumption may interfere with the activity of anticancer drugs that exert their effects based on genotoxic mechanisms.
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It can be said that SAX has no aneugenic, mutagenic and clastogenic effects at daily doses in in vitro studies on human lymphocytes in this study.
Abstract: Saxagliptin (SAX) is an oral drug that is a hypoglycemic (between an anti-diabetic agent) dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor. In this study, cytotoxic, genotoxic effects and DNA damage of SAX on human lymphocytes were investigated. For this purpose, Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis (SCGE), Micronucleus (MN) and Mitotic Index (MI) tests were used. Based on the daily doses of SAX, 0.017, 0.035, 0.07, 0.14 µg/mL concentrations used for the study. SAX significantly reduced the MI only at the highest concentration (0.14 µg/mL) for 24 hours, and 0.07- and 0.14-µg/mL concentrations for 48 hours. SAX did not cause a statistically significant change in MN frequency (except for concentration 0.14 µg/mL). In the SCGE test, a statistically significant increase of comet tail length was observed at 0.07- and 0.14-µg/mL concentrations. SAX did not cause a statistically significant change in comet tail moment and tail intensity (except for concentration 0.14 µg/mL). As a result, SAX caused statistically differences in the SCGE, MI and MN tests only at the highest concentrations that are not recommended commercial use (except for tail length, 0.035 µg/mL). When the results of all these studies are evaluated together, it can be said that SAX has no aneugenic, mutagenic and clastogenic effects at daily doses in in vitro studies on human lymphocytes.
Book ChapterDOI
09 Jun 2023
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated the effect of polluted water on pollination biology, cytotoxicity, root apical meristem cells in onion and reported a significant (p < 0.05) in the mitotic index in polluted water as compared to normal water.
Abstract: Numerous genes in flowering plants, including onion (Allium cepa L.) govern morphological character differences in structure, shape, orientation, weight and number, etc. arising from their assortment and recombination due to pollination. Pollination in onion flower occurs mainly by insects (91%) and wind (9%), with gravity also contributing to the pollination process. The hybrid vigour seeds through cross pollination as an essential input in enhancing crop productivity. The present study reveals that an onion plant generally takes around 63 days to attain flowering position, and complete flowering condition in 70–72 days, which include 15–18 days for sprouting of the green hollow fleshy shoots along with about 45 days to complete the peduncle formation on the top small part of the bud. A. cepa L. takes around 160 days to produce mature seeds with life cycle completion. The onion bulb roots are used for the last 50 years to study chromosomal behaviour as an indicator of environmental water pollution. The presence of different impurities and heavy metals in the polluted water causes reduction in reproductive capacity of cells due to the occurrence of peculiarity from the normal mitotic cell division in onion . Cytotoxicity influences all morphological characters, including root growth retardation, mitotic index, chromosomal aberration, etc. Thus, the present investigation explores the effect of pollutant water on pollination biology, cytotoxicity, root apical meristem cells in onion. We report a significant (p < 0.05) in the mitotic index in polluted water as compared to normal water.
Posted ContentDOI
17 Apr 2023
TL;DR: In this paper , Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an FDA-approved oral drug shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimutagenic effects via activating Nrf2 antioxidant pathway.
Abstract: Background and Purpose Doxorubicin is a broad-spectrum antineoplastic agent; however, however, its genotoxic/cytotoxic effects limit its clinical application. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an FDA-approved oral drug shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimutagenic effects via activating Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. The present study aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of DMF against doxorubicin-induced chromosomal and DNA damage in rat bone marrow cells. Experimental Approach Wistar Albino rats of both sexes were administered DMF orally (15mg/kg once daily for 14 days) alone or with doxorubicin which was injected as a single dose (90 mg/kg at day 14) to induce toxicity. The blood samples were collected 24 hours after doxorubicin’s injection from all groups to measure the serum levels of MDA, GSH, SOD, and GPx1 and bone marrow was harvested to assess chromosomal aberration, micronucleus, and comet assays. Key Results The rats in the doxorubicin-only group exhibited a significant decrease in mitotic index and depleted GSH and antioxidants enzymes serum levels with a significant elevation in MDA serum level, % DNA in Tail, micronucleus appearance and chromosomal aberrations compared to the control group; DMF pretreatment prior to doxorubicin exposure, significantly-reduced % DNA in Tail, micronucleus appearance, and chromosomal aberrations, improved mitotic index, restored GSH level and antioxidant enzymes activity compared doxorubicin-only group. Conclusion and Implication This study revealed that DMF alone has no DNA-damaging or clastogenic activities; DMF has protective effects against the genotoxicity induced by doxorubicin; thus, DMF might be a potential chemoprotective agent against doxorubicin-induced toxicity in cancer chemotherapy
Proceedings ArticleDOI
22 May 1995
TL;DR: Under certain irradiation parameters, low power He-Ne laser irradiation was found to change the mitotic rate in the basal layer of intact corneal epithelium.
Abstract: The effect of repeated low power He-Ne laser on rabbit's corneal epithelium was studied after 3 daily sessions. Under certain irradiation parameters, low power He-Ne laser irradiation was found to change the mitotic rate in the basal layer of intact corneal epithelium. Three daily irradiations for 3 or 10 minutes increased the mitotic index while 30 minutes irradiations decreased it.© (1995) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202377
2022144
202138
202059
201951
201859