Modernization theory

About: Modernization theory is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 14641 publications have been published within this topic receiving 232469 citations.

"From the Native's Point of View": On the Nature of Anthropological Understanding

Abstract: At the Annual Meeting in May 1974, the American Academy awarded its first Social Science Prize to Clifford Geertz for his significant contributions to social anthropology. Mr. Geertz has taught at Harvard University, the University of California at Berkeley, and the University of Chicago; in 1970 he became the first Professor of the Social Sciences at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. Mr. Geertz' research has centered on the changing religious attitudes and habits of life of the Islamic peoples of Morocco and Indonesia; he is the author of Peddlers and Princes: Social Changes and Economic Modernization in Two Indonesian Towns (1963), The Social History of an Indonesian Town (1965), Islam Observed: Religious Developments in Morocco and Indonesia (1968), and a recent collection of essays, The Interpretation of Cultures (1973). In nominating Mr. Geertz for the award, the Academy's Social Science Prize Committee observed, "each of these volumes is an important contribution in its own right; together they form an unrivaled corpus in modern social anthropology and social sciences."

Educating the Right Way: Markets, Standards, God, and Inequality

Abstract: 1. Markets, Standards, God, and Inequality. Introduction. Joseph's Story. Conservative Agendas. Mapping the Right. Contested Freedom. Marketizing the World. Restoring. Cultural Order. Church and State. Economics and religion. Managerialism. Analyzing Conservative Modernization. 2. Whose Markets, Whose Knowledge? Introduction. Neoliberalism: Schooling, Choice, and Democracy. Neoconservatism: Teaching "Real Knowledge". Authoritarian Populism: Schooling as God Wanted It. The Professional and Managerial New Middle Class: More Testing, More Often 3. Producing Inequalities: Conservative Modernization in Policy and Practice. Gritty Materialities. Right Turn. New Markets, Old Traditions. Markets and Performance. National Standards, National Curriculum, and National Testing. Creating Educational Triage. Thinking Strategically. 4. Who "No Child Left Behind" Leaves Behind: Class and Race in Audit Cultures. Introduction: What No Child Left Behind Has Given Us. Accountability and Inequality. Changing Commonsense and the Growth of Audit Cultures. New Managerialism in Class Terms. The Dispossessed and Support for Audit Cultures and Markets. On Possibilities. Workable Alternatives. Being Honest About Educational Reform. 5. Endangered Christianity. Darwin, God, and Evil. Secular Dangers. From Insiders to Outsiders. Southern Cross. 6. God, Morality, and Markets. Bringing God to the World. Politics and the Clergy. The Electronic Clergy. A Christian Nation and Free Speech. Godless Schools. We Are Not Doing Anything Different. The Structures of Feeling of Authoritarian Populism. How Can Hate Seem So Nice. Turning Straw Into Gold. 7. Away with all Teachers: The Cultural Politics of Home Schooling. Situating Home Schooling. Satan's Threat and the Fortress Home. Attacking the State. Public and Private. Conclusion. 8. Inside Home Schooling: Gender, Technology, and Curriculum. Introduction. Resources and the Realities of Social Movements. Technology and the Growth of Home Schooling. Understanding Social Movements. Technology and Doing Home Schooling. Home Schooling as Gendered Labor. Solving Contradictions. Marketing God. Emotional Labor and the Daily Life of Curriculum and Teaching in the Home. Conclusion: Children and Living the "Right" Life. 9. Righting Wrongs and Interrupting the Right. Culture Counts Contradictory Reforms. "Racing" Toward Educational Reform. Making Challenges Public. Thinking Heretically. Can Alliances be Built Across the Religious and Secular Divide?. Making Critical Educational Practices Practical. Hope as a Resource

Rising Tide: Gender Equality and Cultural Change Around the World

Abstract: The twentieth century gave rise to profound changes in traditional sex roles. However, the force of this 'rising tide' has varied among rich and poor societies around the globe, as well as among younger and older generations. Rising Tide sets out to understand how modernization has changed cultural attitudes towards gender equality and to analyze the political consequences of this process. The core argument suggests that women and men's lives have been altered in a two-stage modernization process consisting of (i) the shift from agrarian to industrialized societies and (ii) the move from industrial towards post industrial societies. This book is the first to systematically compare attitudes towards gender equality worldwide, comparing almost 70 nations that run the gamut from rich to poor, agrarian to postindustrial. Rising Tide is essential reading for those interested in understanding issues of comparative politics, public opinion, political behavior, political development, and political sociology.

Democratic Phoenix: Reinventing Political Activism

Abstract: Conventional wisdom suggests that citizens in many countries have become disengaged from the traditional channels of political participation. Commentators highlight warning signs including sagging electoral turnout, rising anti-party sentiment, and the decay of civic organizations. But are these concerns justified? This book, first published in 2002, compares systematic evidence for electoral turnout, party membership, and civic activism in countries around the world and suggests good reasons to question assumptions of decline. Not only is the obituary for older forms of political activism premature, but new forms of civic engagement may have emerged in modern societies to supplement traditional modes. The process of societal modernization and rising levels of human capital are primarily responsible, although participation is also explained by the structure of the state, the role of agencies, and social inequalities.

World at risk

Abstract: In the current phase of reflexive or second modernization, we are witnessing a dialectics of modernity: continuity of the principles and discontinuity of basic institutions of nation-state modernity. This process is leading us from the national industrial society to the world risk society. A theory of reflexive modernization consists of theorems of individualization, cosmopolitanization, and risk society. This radicalized modernity has produced world risk society. What signifies the risk society are manufactured uncertainties which tend to be intangible to our senses. The theory of world risk society as a new Critical Theory assumes three characteristics of global risks: delocalization, uncalculability, and non- compensatability. This theory also adopts eight theses regarding the inequality of global risks; the power of risk definition; risk and culture/trust; cosmopolitian politics of world risk society; a 'revolutionary subject' for climate change; global risks empowering states and civil movements; divergent (environmental/ economic/ terrorist) logics of global risks; world risk society as a boundary-transcending process. The "cosmopolitan moment" of world risk society is now set free.