Topic
Molecular breeding
About: Molecular breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2120 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56908 citations.
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TL;DR: Complete whole-genome resequencing analysis of radish provides evolutionary insights into domestication-related genetic selection in radish as well as identification of gene candidates with the potential to act as trait-related markers for background selection of elite lines in molecular breeding.
Abstract: This study provides high-quality variation data of diverse radish genotypes. Genome-wide SNP comparison along with RNA-seq analysis identified candidate genes related to domestication that have potential as trait-related markers for genetics and breeding of radish. Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is an annual root vegetable crop that also encompasses diverse wild species. Radish has a long history of domestication, but the origins and selective sweep of cultivated radishes remain controversial. Here, we present comprehensive whole-genome resequencing analysis of radish to explore genomic variation between the radish genotypes and to identify genetic bottlenecks due to domestication in Asian cultivars. High-depth resequencing and multi-sample genotyping analysis of ten cultivated and seven wild accessions obtained 4.0 million high-quality homozygous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)/insertions or deletions. Variation analysis revealed that Asian cultivated radish types are closely related to wild Asian accessions, but are distinct from European/American cultivated radishes, supporting the notion that Asian cultivars were domesticated from wild Asian genotypes. SNP comparison between Asian genotypes identified 153 candidate domestication regions (CDRs) containing 512 genes. Network analysis of the genes in CDRs functioning in plant signaling pathways and biochemical processes identified group of genes related to root architecture, cell wall, sugar metabolism, and glucosinolate biosynthesis. Expression profiling of the genes during root development suggested that domestication-related selective advantages included a main taproot with few branched lateral roots, reduced cell wall rigidity and favorable taste. Overall, this study provides evolutionary insights into domestication-related genetic selection in radish as well as identification of gene candidates with the potential to act as trait-related markers for background selection of elite lines in molecular breeding.
18 citations
TL;DR: Developments in plant functional genomics and in detailing the phenotypic effect of genes and alleles both through research in target species and through inference from results from model species will further refine the delivery of new forage cultivars.
Abstract: A range of molecular breeding technologies have been developed for forage plant species including both transgenic and non-transgenic methodologies. The application of these technologies has the potential to greatly increase the range of genetic variation that is available for incorporation into breeding programs and its subsequent delivery to producers in the form of improved germplasm. Further developments in plant functional genomics and in detailing the phenotypic effect of genes and alleles both through research in target species and through inference from results from model species will further refine the delivery of new forage cultivars.
17 citations
TL;DR: This review highlights recent advances in genetic improvement, particularly molecular breeding for salinity tolerance of cotton, and suggests that future research should focus on the development of specific cotton cultivars with high salt tolerance through a combination of traditional breeding and molecular technology.
Abstract: Soil salinity is a great threat to cotton production worldwide. Plant adaptation to environmental stresses involves the expression of specific stress-related genes. Consequently, engineering genes that protect and maintain the function and structure of cellular components can enhance tolerance to salinity stress. Engineered cotton plants have been reported to perform much better than their wilt plants either in greenhouse or field conditions under salinity stress. However, engineered cotton with improved salt-tolerance is still far behind the requirements of commercial production due to its limited salinity tolerance or poor agronomic performance. This review highlights recent advances in genetic improvement, particularly molecular breeding for salinity tolerance of cotton. It is suggested that future research should focus on the development of specific cotton cultivars with high salt tolerance through a combination of traditional breeding and molecular technology.
17 citations