Molecular breeding

About: Molecular breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2120 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56908 citations.

Quantitative trait locus analysis of tolerance to temperature fluctuations in winter, fruit characteristics, flower color, and prickle-free canes in raspberry

Abstract: Despite the interest in growing raspberries (Rubus idaeus) in the southeastern USA, production is limited by the lack of cultivars adapted to the climate. One of these major climate adaptations is the ability to tolerate fluctuating winter temperatures. Perennial plants have adapted to these conditions by having high chilling requirements. Breeding efforts are underway for developing adapted cultivars, but breeding improvements in Rubus is a time-consuming process. In order to expedite the breeding process, molecular breeding tools are being developed. In this work, the cross (Rubus parvifolius × Tulameen) × Qualicum was used for the construction of a genetic linkage map and for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses of chilling requirement, prickle density, fruit color, fruit shape, fruit size, and flower color. Chilling requirements were determined by measuring bud break in chilled cuttings; all other traits were scored visually. Seven linkage groups were constructed and compared to an established Rubus map. Four regions were associated with chilling requirement, and were mostly consistent across 3 years of evaluation. For the fruit and flower color traits, significant regions were consistent across 2 years, and either one or two QTL were found. Two QTL linked to prickle density were detected; one coincided with previous studies, while the second QTL was found in linkage group 4 and co-localized with the marker for lack of prickles. This region is proposed to contain gene s for the prickle-free trait.

Present status on variability and management of Ascochyta rabiei infecting chickpea

Abstract: Ascochyta Blight (AB) of chickpea caused by the fungus Ascochyta rabiei, is a major disease in regions of cool, cloudy and humid weather conditions prevailing during the crop season. It causes huge economic losses especially during flowering and podding stage. The pathogen survives through seed infection and crop debris from season to season. Even though lot of work has been done on pathological and molecular studies but physiological specialization with respect to racial types, pathotypes (I, II, III, IV) and mating types (MAT1-1 and MAT1-2), climatic factors in disease development, genetic and physiological resistance mechanism, host plant resistance and components used in the integrated disease management has not been clearly established. Seed treatment with fungicides and bio agents is not sufficient to manage the disease but further intensive studies are needed on variability, factors supporting for infection and host mechanism to suppress the infection process and also utilization of molecular markers in breeding for disease resistance. In this review, we have tried to cover the loss and distribution of disease, existence of fungal diversity, epidemiology, host plant resistance and molecular breeding approaches for disease resistance for future research on AB.

The challenges in Marker Assisted Breeding

Abstract: This paper describes our opinion on the future of Marker Assisted Breeding. Concomitantly, it provides a comprehensive overview of the different types of application in Marker Assisted Breeding.

In vitro culture for doubled haploids: tools for molecular breeding.

Abstract: Doubled haploid (DH) techniques using immature microspores or embryos rescued in vitro following interspecific hybridization are important tools for breeding wheat and barley and for generating populations for gene mapping purposes Here, we describe methods being used for the successful production of spring wheat and barley DHs in Australia