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Molecular breeding

About: Molecular breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2120 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56908 citations.


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Book ChapterDOI
TL;DR: The current miRNA-based plant engineering approaches are described, and their advantages and challenges are also stated.
Abstract: microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small, endogenous, noncoding RNAs, are uncovered to play greatly expanded roles in a variety of plant developmental processes by gene silencing through inhibiting translation or promoting the degradation of target mRNAs. In virtue of their ability to inactivate either specific genes or entire gene families, artificial miRNAs function as dominant suppressors of gene activity when brought into a plant. Moreover, artificial target mimics are applied for the reduction of specific miRNA activity. Consequently, miRNA-based manipulations have emerged as promising new approaches for the improvement of crop plants. This action includes the development of breeding strategies and the genetic modification of agronomic traits. Herein, we describe the current miRNA-based plant engineering approaches, and their advantages and challenges are also stated.

7 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The developed Bph18 marker will be highly useful in molecular breeding applications of BPH-resistant breeding programmes and can be used as alternative resistance gene sources and also as resource for novel BPH resistance genes.
Abstract: Brown planthopper (BPH) is the most devastating insect pest in rice-growing areas. Information on availability of BPH resistance alleles and their sources enhances BPH-resistant breeding programmes. In this study, 260 highly diversified rice cultivars or breeding lines were screened for the presence of five major BPH resistance genes (Bph10, Bph13, Bph18, Bph20 and Bph21) using gene-specific markers. The analysis revealed that 137 of the 260 cultivars possess at least one BPH resistance gene. Bph10 was predominant while Bph20 was the least distributed. Moreover, two and three different resistance gene combinations were found in the cultivars. Molecular markers play an important role in molecular breeding programmes. A tightly linked PCR-based co-dominant Bph18 marker was developed, which is cost effective and time effective and simpler than available Bph18 CAPS marker (7312.T4A). We strongly believe that the identified BPH-resistant cultivars can be used as alternative resistance gene sources and also as resource for novel BPH resistance genes. The developed Bph18 marker will be highly useful in molecular breeding applications of BPH-resistant breeding programmes.

7 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors comprehensively summarize a large number of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with grain yield in maize and sorghum and placed great emphasis on discussing 22 fine-mapped QTLs and 30 functionally characterized genes.
Abstract: Grain size, grain number per panicle, and grain weight are crucial determinants of yield-related traits in cereals. Understanding the genetic basis of grain yield-related traits has been the main research object and nodal in crop science. Sorghum and maize, as very close C4 crops with high photosynthetic rates, stress tolerance and large biomass characteristics, are extensively used to produce food, feed, and biofuels worldwide. In this review, we comprehensively summarize a large number of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with grain yield in sorghum and maize. We placed great emphasis on discussing 22 fine-mapped QTLs and 30 functionally characterized genes, which greatly hinders our deep understanding at the molecular mechanism level. This review provides a general overview of the comprehensive findings on grain yield QTLs and discusses the emerging trend in molecular marker-assisted breeding with these QTLs.

7 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202383
2022153
2021156
2020143
2019169
2018137