Molecular breeding

About: Molecular breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2120 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56908 citations.

Recent progression and future perspectives in Cotton genomic breeding.

Abstract: Upland cotton is an important global cash crop for its long seed fibers and high edible oil and protein content. Progress in cotton genomics promotes the advancement of cotton genetics, evolutionary studies, functional genetics, and breeding, and has ushered cotton research and breeding into a new era. Here, we summarize high-impact genomics studies for cotton from the last ten years. The diploid Gossypium arboreum and allotetraploid Gossypium hirsutum are the main focus of most genetic and genomic studies. We next review recent progress in cotton molecular biology and genetics, which builds on cotton genome sequencing efforts, population studies, and functional genomics, to provide insights into the mechanisms shaping abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, plant architecture, seed oil content, and fiber development. We also suggest the application of novel technologies and strategies to facilitate genome-based crop breeding. Explosive growth in the amount of novel genomic data, identified genes, gene modules, and pathways is now enabling researchers to utilize multidisciplinary genomics-enabled breeding strategies to cultivate "super cotton", improving multiple traits synergistically. These strategies must rise to meet urgent demands for a sustainable cotton industry. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Agricultural Biotechnology: Engineering Plants for Improved Productivity and Quality

Abstract: Agricultural biotechnology is an area of agricultural science implementing various molecular techniques to improve the plant yield, quality, and disease resistance. In this chapter, some of the useful key concepts using genetic manipulation and modern plant breeding techniques are discussed to enhance the efficiency of plant breeding for plant productive mechanism and quality. The genetic engineering could be achieved through gene isolation, validation, and gene transfer techniques that are highlighted. The advanced plant breeding technique called molecular breeding represents a new technology that offers more advantages through molecular marker–assisted selection. These are the useful techniques for the selection of new desired characteristics for the nutritional improvement and stress resistance. The risk assessment and socioeconomic impacts pertaining to molecular breeding are generally discussed.

Breeding and Genomic Approaches towards Development of Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Chickpea

Abstract: Chickpea is an important leguminous crop with potential to provide dietary proteins to both humans and animals. It also ameliorates soil nitrogen through biological nitrogen fixation. The crop is affected by an array of biotic and abiotic factors. Among different biotic stresses, a major fungal disease called Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (FOC), is responsible for low productivity in chickpea. To date, eight pathogenic races of FOC (race 0, 1A, and 1B/C, 2-6) have been reported worldwide. The development of resistant cultivars using different conventional breeding methods is very time consuming and depends upon the environment. Modern technologies can improve conventional methods to solve these major constraints. Understanding the molecular response of chickpea to Fusarium wilt can help to provide effective management strategies. The identification of molecular markers closely linked to genes/QTLs has provided great potential for chickpea improvement programs. Moreover, omics approaches, including transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics give scientists a vast viewpoint of functional genomics. In this review, we will discuss the integration of all available strategies and provide comprehensive knowledge about chickpea plant defense against Fusarium wilt.