Molecular breeding

About: Molecular breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2120 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56908 citations.

Low-phosphorus resistant gene and application thereof

Abstract: The invention relates to a low-phosphorus resistant gene and an application thereof. The invention discloses a gene which is useful to improve the capacity of plant low phosphorus resistance, that is glycerin phosphodiesterase gene. The gene can well be applied in the improvement of plant varieties to improve the resistance of the plants to the environmental stress (low phosphorus environment). The gene provides a very valuable gene resource for using transgenic technology and other molecular breeding technologies to cultivate new crop varieties which have low-phosphorus resistance and can be effectively recycled.

High-throughput sequencing in medicinal plant transcriptome studies

Abstract: Two alternative approaches, RNA-Seq and digital gene expression (DGE), to the medicinal plant transcriptome analysis are sequence-based and have become increasingly popular due to rapid developments in the high-throughput sequencing technologies. Among the high-throughput sequencing techniques, the 454 pyrosequencing and Illumina sequencing platforms are the first commercially available and relatively mature ones and thus widely used in various fields of medicinal plant transcriptome research. Metabolic pathway analysis of medicinal plants and molecular marker mining for the molecular breeding can be facilitated and accelerated by the smart use of RNA-Seq. DGE provides novel insights into the biochemical mechanisms in the medicinal plants. This review illustrates the great potential of high-throughput sequencing in the fields that are closely related to the drug discovery, drug development, and large-scale production of plant natural products and envisions its future development and applications in the medicinal plant transcriptome study.

Molecular breeding method for chicken quality

Abstract: The invention belongs to the fields of animal breeding science and molecular biology and in particular relates to a molecular breeding method for chicken quality. The method comprises the following steps of: building a high-quality white-earlobe chicken basic group; collecting blood samples of the two-week-old chickens and performing multi-locus sequence typing detection on candidate genes (GARS-AIRS-GART) which influence inosinate content and on candidate genes (A-FABP-3, Ex-FABP-3) which influence intramuscular fat content; determining favorable gene types through the nucleotide sequence variation of a plurality of candidate genes; and performing marker-assisted selection, so that genetic progress is accelerated and the breeding efficiency of the chicken quality characters is improved.

Evaluating Human Resource Capacity for Crop Breeding in National Programs in Africa and South and Southeast Asia

Abstract: Plant breeders must keep abreast of the rapid evolution of new technologies, and also implement information management strategies that efficaciously handle the ever growing amount of data required for efficient integrated breeding. Updated training for breeders is critical to build relevant human resource capacity, particularly in developing countries whose breeding programs suffer a lack of staff with diverse expertise. The CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme is leading such a capacity-building initiative. A survey was conducted among course nominees to establish a baseline of breeder level of education, knowledge and skills in analyzing data and their involvement in molecular breeding programs. The breeders were mainly from three regions: West and Central Africa, East and Southern Africa, and South and Southeast Asia, and also included a few participants from North Africa. Many of the breeders from all the regions held or were working towards a PhD. Gender balance was low, principally in West and Central Africa, where less than 15% of the breeders were women. Between 57% and 73% of the breeders surveyed in the different regions were involved in molecular breeding projects at regional or international level. The Use of multiple software tools by individual breeders for data analysis was low for breeders from all the regions, with most using 1 - 3 packages. A lack of high data-analysis capacity will be a problem in an era where integration of genomics and phenotypic data in breeding programs is essential to efficiently deliver improved cultivars.