Molecular breeding

About: Molecular breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2120 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56908 citations.

A Primer on Genetics, Genomics and Plant Breeding

Abstract: The focus of this book, as the title indicates, is on the genetic improvement of bioenergy crops. Chapter 4 deals with the biochemistry and genetics of cell wall biosynthesis, and Chapters 7–15 focus on individual crops, with an emphasis on the breeding strategies that can be employed to improve these crops for bioenergy production. These chapters are written with the assumption the reader has basic knowledge of plant genetics and plant breeding. In order to make this book accessible to a broad audience, this primer is intended to provide basic background information on plant molecular genetics and plant breeding. The chapter is written for an audience with basic knowledge of biology and chemistry. Textbooks that offer a more detailed and extensive treatise on the various topics are referenced throughout the text. It should be possible to read the main Sections (2.2, 2.3, etc.) independently from each other.

Genetics, Genomics and Breeding of Peanut: An Introduction

Abstract: Peanut stands second to soybean in both area and production in the world among legume oilseeds crops and is grown in >100 countries. Genetic barriers "have-not allowed sharing of useful alleles from wild relatives leaving the primary gene pool with a very narrow genetic base. Improving pod yield and oil content have been the main focus, along with providing resistance/tolerance against important biotic/abiotic stresses. Realizing the ever increasing demand among consumers, productivity needs to be increased significantly without compromising the oil quality and providing defense shield against biotic and abiotic stress. It is very difficult to achieve the above milestones without integrating the modern genomics tools with conventional breeding programs. The last decade witnessed significant progress in terms of genomic resources'and molecular breeding activities. The objective of this book is to critically review the current updates on different aspects of peanut such as germplasm collections, genetics, genomics, transcriptomics, bioinformatics together with traditional and molecular breeding. The book also summarizes the success stories achieved through trait mapping and application of molecular markers in improving important traits. This chapter provides highlights of different chapters which are expected to be a good resource for young researchers, breeders and policy makers for employing better strategies towards food security.

Somatic Embryogenesis and Agrobacterium -Mediated Genetic Transformation in Rosa Species

Abstract: Rose (Rosa spp.) is not only an important ornamental plant, but also an economical crop. It contains thousands of cultivars and has been grown throughout the world. As most rose cultivars suffer from biotic and abiotic stress, it is necessary and significant to improve the ornamental or agronomic traits. Genetic engineering provides an efficient and convenient way for overcoming these problems. Somatic embryogenesis is widely utilized for plant regeneration and genetic transformation; it is also usually utilized to perform the genetic manipulation in plant molecular breeding. Up to now, somatic embryogenesis and genetic transformation have been applied successfully in many plant species including woody and herbaceous plants. There is some information reporting transgenic roses with altered flower colors, increased disease resistance, or with modified agronomic traits. This chapter discusses somatic embryogenesis, the factors influencing somatic embryogenesis, and the protocol to realize plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis in rose. The chapter also reviews Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation, the factors controlling transformation, and the overall protocol to obtain transgenic mediated by cyclic secondary somatic embryogenesis. This somatic embryogenesis and Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation may provide a feasible effective method to gene functional studies and gene engineering breeding in Rosa sp. in future.