Molecular breeding

About: Molecular breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2120 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56908 citations.

Wheat scab ear rot and seedling resistance molecular marker

Abstract: The invention belongs to the field of plant disease resistance breeding and particularly relates to the preparation and use of a wheat scab ear rot and seedling resistance molecular marker. The molecular marker is characterized in that: independently designing a pair of primers to amplify a wheat genome to form a special fragment of a CYP909C1 gene; and preparing the wheat scab ear rot and seedling resistance molecular marker by using the specific fragment of the gene. Tests show that the relative expression of the gene is closely related to the Fusarium head blight resistance and seedling resistance of plants. In the invention, by simply a molecular marker, the wheat scab ear rot and seedling resistance level of different wheat varieties in seedling stage and flower stage. The molecular marker of the invention can be used for screening wheat scab seedling and ear rot resistance materials and molecular breeding.

Applications of ALS (acetolactate synthase) mutant type protein based on gene editing technology and ALS mutant type protein gene in plant breeding

Abstract: The invention discloses a rice ALS (acetolactate synthase) mutant type protein, a mutant type gene and applications of the rice ALS mutant type protein and the mutant type gene. The amino acid sequence of the ALS mutant type protein has following mutation: the 628-poisiton amino acid corresponding to the amino acid sequence of rice ALS has the mutation. The invention further discloses a breeding method of creating herbicide-resistant rice by gene editing. The CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology is used for editing the ALS gene for the first time, a T-DNA-knockout new material with the stably inherited herbicide resistant characteristic can be obtained in the T2 generation through offspring screening, and basic agronomic traits of the new material have no obvious change. Compared with breeding based on chemical mutagenesis, hybrid transform breeding and the like, the orderly improved molecular breeding technology based on gene editing has the advantages of being rapid, accurate, efficient and the like, and by means of combination with gene function marked genotype selection, breeding efficiency can be greatly increased and breeding progress is substantially accelerated.

Wheat unreduced gamete gene molecular marker and application thereof

Abstract: The invention discloses a wheat unreduced gamete gene UG1 molecular marker which belongs to the field of wheat molecular breeding. The molecular marker which is Xgpw1146 has a genetic distance of 0.88cM with the wheat unreduced gamete gene UG1. The invention also discloses an application of the molecular marker in wheat breeding and a method for applying the molecular marker in culturing wheat breeds. The molecular marker provided by the invention is closely linked with the unreduced gamete gene UG1, and can be used for carrying out molecular-marker-assisted selection for the unreduced gamete gene UG1. Therefore, unreduced gamete gene UG1 selection efficiency can be greatly improved, and doubled haploid breeding efficiency can be promoted. With the molecular marker and the application provided by the invention, problems such as complicated process, large work load, and low efficiency of unreduced gamete gene selection by using a traditional method are overcome.