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Molecular breeding

About: Molecular breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2120 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56908 citations.


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TL;DR: The comlexity of salt tolerant mechanism and the prospect of Salt tolerant molecular breeding were discussed and the progress in four aspects of this field including harmfulness of salinity, mechanism of salt toleration, cloning of salt tolerance related genes and breeding of saltolerance transgenic crops were reviewed.
Abstract: Salinity is one of the major constrains in crop p roduction all over the world. Trying to understand the mechanism of salt toleran ce and breeding of salt tolerant transgenic plant is a hot point in plant scienc e. The progress in four aspects of this field including harmfulness of salinity, mechanism of salt tolerant, cloning of salt tolerant related genes and breeding of salt tolerant transgenic crops were reviewed. The comlexity of salt tolerant mechanism and the prospect of salt tolerant molecular breeding were discussed.

1 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The genetic and genomic resources are summarized and suggested for the molecular breeding in Brassica crop and the technical efficiency and analysis speed of the PCR-based markers become more preferable for many form of Brassica genome study.
Abstract: As a scientific curiosity to understand the structure and the function of crops and experimental efforts to apply it to plant breeding, genetic maps have been constructed in various crops. Especially, in the case of Brassica crop, genetic mapping has been accelerated since genetic infor- mation of model plant Arabidopsis was available. As a result, the whole B. rapa genome (A genome) sequencing has recently been done. The genome sequences offer opportunities to develop molecular markers for genetic analysis in Brassica crops. RFLP markers are widely used as the basis for genetic map construction, but detection system is inefficiency. The technical efficiency and analysis speed of the PCR-based markers become more preferable for many form of Brassica genome study. The massive sequence informative markers such as SSR, SNP and InDels are also available to increase the density of markers for high- resolution genetic analysis. The high density maps are invaluable resources for QTLs analysis, marker assisted selection (MAS), map-based cloning and comparative analysis within Brassica as well as related crop species. Additionally, the advents of new technology, next-generation technique, have served as a momentum for molecular breeding. Here we summarize genetic and genomic resources and suggest their applications for the molecular breeding in Brassica crop.

1 citations

DOI
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: Conventional breeding, distant hybridization, genetic inheritance and QTLs mapping of horticultural traits along with tissue culture aspects in bitter gourd are discussed.
Abstract: Bitter gourd is valuable for its nutrients and medicinal properties, but neglected in terms of genetic inheritance and molecular breeding. Single plant selection, mass selection, pedigree selection and bulk population improvement methods are commonly used in bitter gourd. Heterosis breeding (F1 hybrids) is a new approach by using gynoecious and precautious gynoecious lines. Rootstock breeding is another area to address biotic and abiotic stresses in bitter gourd. Scanty information is available on the use of molecular markers including random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), simple sequence repeats (SSR) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR). Reduced representation sequencing (RRS) methodologies like restriction-associated DNA tag sequencing (RAD-seq) analysis and genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technology used to map gynoecy and other economic traits. The SNP marker TP_54890 found at a distance of 3.04 cM to gynoecious (gy-1) locus on linkage group 12. This marker will be extremely useful in MAS for the rapid development of new varieties and hybrids in bitter gourd. The draft genome sequence (285.5 Mb ~84%) of bitter gourd will act as a reference genome for future genomic studies. The availability of advanced molecular tools will complement conventional breeding used to accelerate genetic gain in bitter gourd. This chapter discusses conventional breeding, distant hybridization, genetic inheritance and QTLs mapping of horticultural traits along with tissue culture aspects in bitter gourd.

1 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper summarized the important research progress of Prunus mume genomics and molecular biology in recent 10 years, mainly including germplasm resource classification, genomic projects, genetic map, important ornamental traits and stress resistance, cultivation and promotion demonstration of new cold resistant cultivars.

1 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202383
2022153
2021156
2020143
2019169
2018137