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Molecular breeding
About: Molecular breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2120 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56908 citations.
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TL;DR: AMBAB (http://60.191.1.10:7777/cowpea/) is a user-friendly web server system for genomic research and breeding of asparagus bean and is valuable for general bioinformatic analyses for other plant species.
Abstract: AMBAB (http://60.191.1.10:7777/cowpea/) is a user-friendly web server system for genomic research and breeding of asparagus bean ( V. unguiculata ssp. sesquipedialis ). This system integrates multiple analytical tools including Blast, Sim4, Primer3 and e-PCR to enable an easy and effective use of the current genomic resources to assist breeding by geneticists, breeders and trained farmers. Presently, the reference genome sequences of Oryza sativa, Arabidopsis thaliana and the inhouse genome re-sequencing data of four asparagus bean accessions are available for blast search and e-PCR. Using this system, users can query an EST, unigene or genomic sequence of interest against the asparagus bean genome dataset, to retrieve the information of gene location, similarity, intron-exon junctions and more. PCR primers can subsequently be developed by using Primer3 based on the retrieved genomic sequences. If the development of a polymorphic primer is required, e-PCR will be very useful in predicting the amplicon patterns of various primers. In addition, the AMBAB system is also valuable for general bioinformatic analyses for other plant species.
01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: Sunflower breeders worldwide should commit to a greater use of wild Helianthus species in breeding for resistance to abiotic stresses as mentioned in this paper and make more use of molecular breeding techniques.
Abstract: Due to a specific structure of its main organs (root, stem, leaves, head), sunflower can be successfully grown on marginal soils and in semi-arid conditions and it is more resistant to abiotic stresses than other field crops. In sunflower breeding for resistance to abiotic stresses, the greatest progress has been made in selection for drought resistance. Breeders use over 30 different parameters in sunflower screening for drought resistance, with physiological ones being the predominant type. Best breeding results have been achieved using the phenomenon of stay-green, with the added bonus that this method incorporates into the cultivated sunflower not only drought resistance but resistance to Macrophomina and Phomopsis as well. The diversity of the wild Helianthus species offers great possibilities for increasing the genetic resistance of the cultivated sunflower towards abiotic stresses. In using wild sunflower species in sunflower breeding for drought resistance and resistance to salinity, best results have so far been achieved with H. argophyllus and H. paradoxus, respectively. In addition to the use of wild Helianthus species, sunflower breeding for abiotic stress resistance should also make more use of molecular breeding techniques. More progress has been made in sunflower breeding for heat resistance than in that for cold resistance. Specific breeding programs dealing with sunflower resistance to mineral deficiency and mineral toxicity have yet to be established. Sunflower breeders worldwide should commit to a greater use of wild Helianthus species in breeding for resistance to abiotic stresses.
Patent•
10 Aug 2016
TL;DR: In this paper, an SSR molecular marker for co-separation of cucumis sativus powdery mildew resistance major QTL was provided, which is named as SSR-N2.
Abstract: The invention provides an SSR molecular marker for co-separation of cucumis sativus powdery mildew resistance major QTL. The SSR molecular marker is named as SSR-N2. The nucleotide sequence of SSR-N2 is shown in SEQ ID NO.1. The SSR molecular marker provided by the invention is high in stability and can be adopted for simple, convenient and rapid assistant screening on single plants of cucumis sativus with powdery mildew resistance in the seedling period, basis is laid for molecular marking assistant breeding for powdery mildew resistance, and the progress of cucumis sativus powdery mildew resistance molecular breeding can be greatly accelerated. Meanwhile, by adoption of the molecular marker for co-separation, basis for clone of the cucumis sativus powdery mildew resistance major QTL is also laid.
TL;DR: It is suggested that strain improvement of A. chrysogenum by means of induction and expression of biosynthetic and regulatory genes, as well as exogenous genes, and further optimization could be applied to different aspects including CPC production enhancement and metabolic pathway elongation, etc.
Abstract: Acremonium chrysogenum, cephalosporin C (CPC) producing strain, is an important industrial microorganism. CPC is used to produce 7-ACA, a major intermediate for manufacturing of many first-line anti-infectious cephalosporin-antibiotics. The fermentation level of CPC determines the production, quality and cost of its downstream products. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the strains of A. chrysogenum. Along with the development of molecular biology, genetic manipulation technique is becoming more and more important in the field of molecular breeding. This paper reviews the latest research progresses on CPC biosynthesis and its regulation. Genetic manipulations of A. chrysogenum were summarized and concluded. We suggested that strain improvement of A. chrysogenum by means of induction and expression of biosynthetic and regulatory genes, as well as exogenous genes, and further optimization could be applied to different aspects including CPC production enhancement and metabolic pathway elongation, etc. Future direction of this field is also proposed. We believed that incorporation of comparative proteomics and genomic shuffling with molecular breeding could lead the achievements close to industry promptly.
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: This chapter overviews the main achievements of the high-resolution molecular genetic map construction, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping related to the key traits, map location of molecular markers, and identification of the key functional genes in sesame.
Abstract: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has reinforced the development of the molecular genetic research in sesame in the recent two decades. In the early stage, most sesame scientists endeavored to develop more specific DNA markers with high polymorphism and to construct the molecular genetic maps for sesame with the aid of the limited expressed sequence tag (EST) and transcriptome information. In the recent decade, a lot of sesame genome information stimulated rapid progresses in the molecular genetics analysis of important agronomic traits in sesame. In this chapter, we overview the main achievements of the high-resolution molecular genetic map construction, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping related to the key traits, map location of molecular markers, and identification of the key functional genes in sesame. Especially, several successful examples for gene location and detection of molecular markers associated with yield, seed quality, disease resistance, and other key agronomic traits in sesame are enumerated. The prospects and strategies for establishing the molecular breeding techniques in sesame are also discussed.