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Molecular breeding

About: Molecular breeding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2120 publications have been published within this topic receiving 56908 citations.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review summarizes recent developments in the molecular breeding of flowers, indicates novel traits and strategies, and discusses some of the problems that must be tackled before transgenic ornamental plants can reach the marketplace.

59 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was concluded that three main problems in the current breeding of rice blast resistance are availability of few R (resistance) genes that confer resistance to both seedling and panicle blast, the resistance effect of pyramided lines is not the result of a simple accumulation of resistance spectrum, and only a few R genes have been successfully used for molecular breeding.

59 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A wide variety of transcriptome data being generated in plants is discussed, which includes developmental stages, abiotic and biotic stress, effect of altered gene expression, as well as comparative transcriptomics, with a special emphasis on microarray and RNA‐seq.
Abstract: The transcript pool of a plant part, under any given condition, is a collection of mRNAs that will pave the way for a biochemical reaction of the plant to stimuli. Over the past decades, transcriptome study has advanced from Northern blotting to RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), through other techniques, of which real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and microarray are the most significant ones. The questions being addressed by such studies have also matured from a solitary process to expression atlas and marker-assisted genetic enhancement. Not only genes and their networks involved in various developmental processes of plant parts have been elucidated, but also stress tolerant genes have been highlighted. The transcriptome of a plant with altered expression of a target gene has given information about the downstream genes. Marker information has been used for breeding improved varieties. Fortunately, the data generated by transcriptome analysis has been made freely available for ample utilization and comparison. The review discusses this wide variety of transcriptome data being generated in plants, which includes developmental stages, abiotic and biotic stress, effect of altered gene expression, as well as comparative transcriptomics, with a special emphasis on microarray and RNA-seq. Such data can be used to determine the regulatory gene networks, which can subsequently be utilized for generating improved plant varieties.

58 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: The present chapter deals with three important legumes i.e. groundnut or peanut, chickpea and pigeonpea, which are key components in the diets of resource-poor people of the semi-arid tropic (SAT) regions of the world and offer the possibility of accelerating molecular breeding for abiotic and biotic stress tolerances in the legume crops.
Abstract: Grain legumes are important crops for providing key components in the diets of resource-poor people of the semi-arid tropic (SAT) regions of the world. Although there are several grain legume crops grown in SAT, the present chapter deals with three important legumes i.e. groundnut or peanut (Arachis hypogaea), chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan). Production of these legume crops are challenged by serious abiotic stresses e.g. drought, salinity as well as several fungal, viral and nematode diseases. To tackle these constraints through molecular breeding, some efforts have been initiated to develop genomic resources e.g. molecular markers, molecular genetic maps, expressed sequence tags (ESTs), macro-/micro- arrays, bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), etc. These genomic resources together with recently developed genetic and genomics strategies e.g. functional molecular markers, linkage-disequilibrium (LD) based association mapping, functional and comparative genomics offer the possibility of accelerating molecular breeding for abiotic and biotic stress tolerances in the legume crops. However, low level of polymorphism present in the cultivated genepools of these legume crops, imprecise phenotyping of the germplasm and the higher costs of development and application of genomic tools are critical factors in utilizing genomics in breeding of these legume crops.

58 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Inter–gene pool introgressions illustrate multiple admixture events and the breeding history of beans and provide a valuable tool for molecular marker development.
Abstract: Common bean ( L.) is the most important grain legume for human consumption and is a major nutrition source in the tropics. Because bean production is reduced by both abiotic and biotic constraints, current breeding efforts are focused on the development of improved varieties with tolerance to these stresses. We characterized materials from different breeding programs spanning three continents to understand their sequence diversity and advance the development of molecular breeding tools. For this, 37 varieties belonging to , (A. Gray), and L. were sequenced by whole-genome sequencing, identifying more than 40 million genomic variants. Evaluation of nuclear DNA content and analysis of copy number variation revealed important differences in genomic content not only between and the two other domesticated species, but also within , affecting hundreds of protein-coding genomic regions. A large number of inter-gene pool introgressions were identified. Furthermore, interspecific introgressions for disease resistance in breeding lines were mapped. Evaluation of newly developed single nucleotide polymorphism markers within previously discovered quantitative trait loci for common bacterial blight and angular leaf spot provides improved specificity to tag sources of resistance to these diseases. We expect that this dataset will provide a deeper molecular understanding of breeding germplasm and deliver molecular tools for germplasm development, aiming to increase the efficiency of bean breeding programs.

58 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202383
2022153
2021156
2020143
2019169
2018137