Showing papers on "Monocular vision published in 1985"
TL;DR: It is concluded that a visual frame of reference is essential for perception of motion in depth but not for Perception of lateral movements, and it seems likely that not absolute binocular disparity but relative Binocular disparity (differences in angular distance between two or more corresponding features in the two retinal images) is a cue for perception in depth.
203 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that vision is actively responsible for both the maintenance and the elimination of fractions of the juvenile callosal connections; the elimination which normally takes place during the second postnatal month requires normal binocular vision; and activity-dependent competition between callosal and other axons can explain the role of vision.
Abstract: The number of callosally projecting neurons (callosal neurons) which can be labeled in cortical areas 17 and 18 by horseradish peroxidase (HRP), injected in the contralateral visual cortex, is reduced to about 50% of normal in cats reared with their eyelids bilaterally sutured. In the same animals the density of HRP anterogradely transported to areas 17 and 18 is also decreased. The apparent loss of callosal neurons is limited to layers III and IV (subzone a), whereas layer VI (subzone c) is unaffected. The effect is obtained after 3 months or more but not after 1 month of deprivation. Two months of visual experience following deprivation do not restitute a normal number of callosal neurons. However, 10 days of normal visual experience preceding the deprivation are sufficient to prevent the effects of the latter. Animals deprived of vision after a short period of normal visual experience and animals allowed normal vision after 1 month of visual deprivation have a more widespread distribution of callosal neurons than do normal animals; in this way they are similar to previously described cats reared with convergent or divergent strabismus, monocular enucleation, or monocular eyelid suture. The results suggest that: vision is actively responsible for both the maintenance and the elimination of fractions of the juvenile callosal connections; the elimination which normally takes place during the second postnatal month requires normal binocular vision; and activity-dependent competition between callosal and other axons can explain the role of vision.
122 citations
TL;DR: A significant loss of binocular cells was consistently found in the visual cortex of mature animals which had monocular vision for only 12 h dispersed over 6 days (2 h a day, otherwise kept in the dark) in combination with concurrent LC stimulation, interpreted as indicating that endogenous NA released from NA terminals restored susceptibility to monocular sight in the mature visual cortex.
65 citations
TL;DR: Monocular and binocular visual evoked potentials were studied as a function of modulation depth (contrast) of a counterphase sinusoidal grating stimulus.
56 citations
53 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that if a threshold correction is introduced into the obtained psychophysical functions, the described linearity zones extend to wider Lm and contrast ranges.
18 citations
TL;DR: The study of stereopsis, made possible by the invention of the stereoscope, freed binocular vision from the yoke of monocular phenomena, and Wheatstone's cognitive approach influenced Helmholtz, and thereby modern cognitive theorists.
Abstract: The study of stereopsis, made possible by the invention of the stereoscope, freed binocular vision from the yoke of monocular phenomena. Wheatstone used this freedom to determine the factors involved in the perception of size and distance, and interpreted them within a cognitive framework. He devised an adjustable stereoscope which allowed him to apply the systematic experimental procedures of physics to the phenomena of depth perception. Brewster, by contrast, tried to force the newly discovered binocular phenomena back into the mould of monocular vision, using the lever of visible direction. His interpretations of visual phenomena, be they monocular or binocular, could be reduced to the two fundamental ‘laws’ of visible direction and distinct vision. While Wheatstone's cognitive approach influenced Helmholtz, and thereby modern cognitive theorists. Brewster's interpretations, based as they were in analyses of the retinal projection, find an echo in modern direct theorists.
14 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that stereo-deficient observers are no better than stereonormals at discriminating the eye-of-origin of a monocular stimulation.
13 citations
TL;DR: Stereoblind subjects show marked monocular asymmetries in both OKN and OKAN, while normal subjects produce more balanced nystagmus, and there was no correlation between the monocular nyStagmus asymmetry and stereoacuity.
12 citations
10 citations
TL;DR: The central region of the monocular field of the better eye is more sensitive in the strabismic groups than in the normal one, and the binocular field is as sensitive instrabismus as normally; its extent is (nearly) normal.
Abstract: Monocular and binocular perimetry (without any dissociation between the two eyes) was performed by means of Goldmann kinetic perimetry in a group of normal subjects and in groups of subjects suffering from strabismus The central region of the monocular field of the better eye is more sensitive in the strabismic groups than in the normal one The binocular field is as sensitive in strabismus as normally; its extent is (nearly) normal
TL;DR: It is unreasonable to prescribe a telescope for only one eye in the patient with binocular vision; diplopia results when looking through the telescope.
Abstract: In Reply. —The only statement with which I agree is that the driver with binocular vision, while looking through a telescope with one eye and a spectacle correction with the other, sees no scotoma in a binocular field of vision. However, it is unreasonable to prescribe a telescope for only one eye in the patient with binocular vision; diplopia results when looking through the telescope. Even though it is self-evident that an individual with binocular vision wearing a telescope before one eye and a spectacle correction before the other will experience diplopia, I experimented on myself out of curiosity. My corrected vision is 20/20 OU, and I have binocular vision while looking through the ×3 bioptic telescopic spectacle (BTS) with both eyes. Experiment 1. —I wore the ×3 BTS before either my dominant or nondominant eye while wearing the spectacle correction before the other eye. I learned that I had
TL;DR: It is shown that recognition of the motion of the object and the three-dimensional structure is possible without the need for identifying the corresponding points, and the concrete computation methods to obtain the motion and the 3D structure are given.
Abstract: It is assumed that a human recognizes the movement and 3D-structure of an object based on the feature quantities and their changes extracted from the retinal images which are the projection of the three-dimensional object onto the retina. Human recognition of a moving object works as follows. First, primitive recognition takes place based on the change of feature quantity at the local areas corresponding to each small portion on the retina independently. This is local parallel information processing. Second, attention is shifted to the higher level of recognition which integrates all the local primitive recognition. This paper considers the local linear feature of the object. In other words, we consider the infinitesimal plane of the surface of the three-dimensional object, and we clarify the transformation of the two-dimensional image caused by the motion of the object. This transformation depends on both the motion of the object and the three-dimensional structure. Also, we clarify the law of the transformation of the linear features obtained from the image. Based on the above, we show that recognition of the motion of the object and the three-dimensional structure is possible without the need for identifying the corresponding points. In addition, we demonstrate the condition which the characteristic functions should satisfy, and the concrete computation methods to obtain the motion and the three-dimensional structure are given.
TL;DR: An alternative analysis is offered for human depth perception in addition to the depth cue of disparity and offers an explanation as to why a stimulus presented at one disparity sign may be mistakenly considered to possess the opposite sign.
01 Jan 1985
TL;DR: A number of observers have been requested to quantify, by the use of a color-naming technique, the eccentricity dependence of the coloured aspect of the source, consisting of a raster of eight red or green LEDs.
Abstract: An experiment is performed where is measured the effectiveness of LEDs used as coloured sources is suprathreshold perimetry. A number of observers have been requested to quantify, by the use of a color-naming technique, the eccentricity dependence of the coloured aspect of the source, consisting of a raster of eight red or green LEDs.
TL;DR: A versatile electronic device that produces simultaneous dynamic cyclopean (disparity) and monocular visual stimuli on standard monitors under real-time simultaneous but independent control.
Abstract: We present a design for a versatile electronic device that produces simultaneous dynamic cyclopean (disparity) and monocular visual stimuli on standard monitors. These stimuli consist of dynamic random-dot cinematograms with the cyclopean and monocular components under real-time simultaneous but independent control. For example, one possible stimulus consists of a horizontal sinusoidal disparity grating moving upward in the frontal plane, made from randomdot fields that move to the right at an arbitrary speed. The device can be controlled by any microcomputer with serial input/output capability.