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Monsoon

About: Monsoon is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16087 publications have been published within this topic receiving 599888 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relationship between the seasonal evolution of the monsoon circulation and the associated synoptic disturbance activity and explored the cause of this variation, particularly through the relationship of rainfall variation in the southern part of East Asia is basically developed by the sequential passages of the mei-yu rainband in early summer.
Abstract: Rainfall variation of the East Asian summer monsoon has long been believed to be caused by the transition of weather regimes in company with the evolution of monsoon circulation. However, this claim was neither comprehensively analyzed nor convincingly demonstrated. Four datasets [Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP) rainfall, NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data, Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) 6-h surface analysis maps, and Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) 6-h tropical cyclone tracks] were used to depict the climatology of the monsoon rainfall variation and to explore the cause of this variation, particularly through the relationship between the seasonal evolution of the monsoon circulation and the associated synoptic disturbance activity. The monsoon life cycle in the southern part of East Asia is basically developed by the sequential passages of the mei-yu rainband in early summer, the western Pacific subtropical high in midsummer, and the tropical cyclone activit...

185 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the alkenone-derived sea-surface temperature (SST) records and a coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) were used to investigate Holocene climate variability in the North Pacific and North Atlantic realms.

185 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: It is shown that every season with excess rainfall/drought during 1979-2002 can be 'explained' in terms of favourable/unfavourable phase of either this oscillation or the ENSO or both.
Abstract: Comparison of the evolution of the normal summer monsoon of 2003 with the unanticipated drought of 2002 led to this investigation of the role of the deep convection in the atmosphere (deep cloud systems) over the equatorial Indian Ocean We find that the link of the Indian monsoon to events over the equatorial Indian Ocean is as important as the well-known link to the dramatic events over the Pacific (El Nino Southern Oscillation; ENSO) Over the equatorial Indian Ocean, enhancement of deep convection in the atmosphere over the western part is generally associated with suppression over the eastern part and vice versa We call the oscillation between these two states, which is reflected in the pressure gradients and the wind along the equator, the Equatorial Indian Ocean Oscillation (EQUINOO) We show that every season with excess rainfall/drought during 1979-2002 can be 'explained' in terms of favourable/unfavourable phase of either this oscillation or the ENSO or both In particular, in the monsoon season of 2002 while the ENSO phase was unfavourable but weak, the phase of the EQUINOO was highly unfavourable and a large deficit occurred in the monsoon rainfall

185 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors integrated observations from space-borne sensors, namely MODIS and CALIPSO, together with ground sunphotometer measurements, to infer dust loading in the pre-monsoon aerosol build-up over source and sink regions in northern India.
Abstract: [1] Each year, prior to the onset of the Indian Summer Monsoon, the Gangetic Plains (GP), bounded by the high-altitude Himalayan mountains, are strongly influenced by the transport of dust outbreaks originating in the northwestern desert in India (known as the Thar Desert). Dust particles constitute the bulk of the regional aerosol loading which peaks annually during the pre-monsoon season. This paper integrates observations from space-borne sensors, namely MODIS and CALIPSO, together with ground sunphotometer measurements, to infer dust loading in the pre-monsoon aerosol build-up over source and sink regions in northern India. Detailed aerosol characterization from the synergetic observational assessment suggests that the two pre-monsoon seasons of 2007 and 2008 were strikingly contrasting in terms of the dust loading over both the Thar Desert and the GP. Further analysis of aerosol loading and optical properties, from the entire record of MODIS and sunphotometer observations, reveals that the 2007 pre-monsoon season was an unusually weak dust-laden period. Our findings suggest the plausible role of the immediately preceding excess winter monsoon rainfall in the suppressed dust activity during the 2007 pre-monsoon season.

185 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The data suggest that significant shifts in monsoon rainfall have occurred in concert with changes in the Northern Hemisphere temperatures and the discharges of the Himalayan rivers, suggesting a plausible role of climate change in shaping the important chapters of the history of human civilization in the Indian subcontinent.
Abstract: The vast Indo-Gangetic Plain in South Asia has been home to some of the world’s oldest civilizations, whose fortunes ebbed and flowed with time—plausibly driven in part by shifts in the spatiotemporal patterns of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall. We use speleothem oxygen isotope records from North India to reconstruct the monsoon’s variability on socially relevant time scales, allowing us to examine the history of civilization changes in the context of varying hydroclimatic conditions over the past 5700 years. Our data suggest that significant shifts in monsoon rainfall have occurred in concert with changes in the Northern Hemisphere temperatures and the discharges of the Himalayan rivers. The close temporal relationship between these large-scale hydroclimatic changes and the intervals marking the significant sociopolitical developments of the Indus Valley and Vedic civilizations suggests a plausible role of climate change in shaping the important chapters of the history of human civilization in the Indian subcontinent.

185 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20231,221
20222,355
2021922
2020757
2019749
2018727