Topic
Monsoon
About: Monsoon is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16087 publications have been published within this topic receiving 599888 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, an atmospheric stationary wave teleconnection mechanism is proposed to explain how ENSO may affect the Tibetan Plateau snow depth and thereby the south Asian monsoons.
Abstract: An atmospheric stationary wave teleconnection mechanism is proposed to explain how ENSO may affect the Tibetan Plateau snow depth and thereby the south Asian monsoons. Using statistical analysis, the short available record of satellite estimates of snow depth, and ray tracing, it is shown that wintertime ENSO conditions in the central Pacific may produce stationary barotropic Rossby waves in the troposphere with a northeastward group velocity. These waves reflect off the North American jet, turning equatorward, and enter the North African–Asian jet over the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Once there, the waves move with the jet across North Africa, South Asia, the Himalayas, and China. Anomalous increases in upper-tropospheric potential vorticity and increased wintertime snowfall over the Tibetan Plateau are speculated to be associated with these Rossby waves. The increased snowfall produces a larger Tibetan Plateau snowpack, which persists through the spring and summer, and weakens the intensity of the ...
175 citations
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TL;DR: A 550,000-year-long record of East Asian summer monsoon rainfall from Chinese loess is derived, arguing that both EASM intensity and Chinese cave δ18O are not governed by high-northern-latitude insolation, as suggested by others, but rather by low-latitudes interhemispheric insolation gradients, which may also strongly influence global ice volume via monsoon dynamics.
Abstract: Cosmogenic 10 Be flux from the atmosphere is a proxy for rainfall. Using this proxy, we derived a 550,000-year-long record of East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) rainfall from Chinese loess. This record is forced at orbital precession frequencies, with higher rainfall observed during Northern Hemisphere summer insolation maxima, although this response is damped during cold interstadials. The 10 Be monsoon rainfall proxy is also highly correlated with global ice-volume variations, which differs from Chinese cave δ 18 O, which is only weakly correlated. We argue that both EASM intensity and Chinese cave δ 18 O are not governed by high-northern-latitude insolation, as suggested by others, but rather by low-latitude interhemispheric insolation gradients, which may also strongly influence global ice volume via monsoon dynamics.
175 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a 70-year (1901-70) record of daily precipitation from 3700 stations in the country of India is carried out to search for periodicities on subseasonal time scales during the summer monsoon.
Abstract: Spectral analysis of a 70-year (1901–70) record of daily precipitation from 3700 stations in the country of India is carried out to search for periodicities on subseasonal time scales during the summer monsoon. Two statistically significant spectral peaks are found. A 40–50 day spectral peak corresponding to the Madden-Julian Oscillation is found over most of the portion of India south of 23°N. The phase of the oscillation is such that the precipitation maximum appears first over the relatively dry southeastern portion of the peninsula. Ten to 12 days later the precipitation peaks simultaneously all along the coast west of the Western Ghats and along a line running across India between 20° and 25°N. The precipitation maximum then spreads slowly northward and loses significance. Cross-spectral analysis shows strong coherence between the precipitation patterns and wind oscillations. The zonal wind oscillations at 850 and 200 mb am about 180 degrees out-of-phase equatorward of about 20°N, but in-pha...
175 citations
01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: In this article, stable oxygen and carbon analyses of rapidly accumulating sediment cores from the eastern Arabian Sea were performed to show that the excess of evaporation over precipitation (E3P) steadily appears to have decreased during the last V10 000 to V2000 years, most probably due to an increasing trend in the summer monsoon rainfall, contrary to the land-based paleoclimatic data from this region.
Abstract: Through stable oxygen and carbon analyses of rapidly accumulating sediment cores from the eastern Arabian Sea, we show that the excess of evaporation over precipitation (E3P) steadily appears to have decreased during the last V10 000 to V2000 years, most probably due to an increasing trend in the summer monsoon rainfall, contrary to the land-based paleoclimatic data from this region, which indicate onset of aridity around 4000 years ago. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that significant spatial variability in the monsoon rainfall observed today was persistent during most of the Holocene. Alternatively, the trend can be seen as an adjustment between two phases, one between V10 000 and V6000 years ago of increasing precipitation and another between 3500 and 2000 years ago after the arid episode. We also report a significant V700 year periodicity, similar to that reported recently from the South China Sea, indicating that the centennial/millennial scale response of the Indian and Chinese monsoons to high latitude forcing may be alike. fl 2000 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
175 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the influence of Southern Oscillation (SO) in Nepal monsoon rainfall is found to be very significant and a statistically significant in-phase relationship during and after monsoon but poor relation during the months prior to monsoon season.
Abstract: ¶Nepal, lying in the southern periphery of the Tibetan Plateau receives about 80% of the total annual rainfall during summer monsoon (June–September). Rainfall analysis shows that summer monsoon is more active in the southern part of Nepal but in the high Himalayas and Trans-Himalayan region other weather systems like western disturbances are also as effective as monsoon in giving rainfall. The influence of Southern Oscillation (SO) in Nepal monsoon rainfall is found to be very significant. The years with significant negative (positive) Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) have less (more) rainfall in most of the cases during the 32-year period. This relationship is also found to vary with time. The years with deficient rainfall are associated most of the times with negative departure of SOI and the composite chart during these occasions shows about 95% area of Nepal experiencing below normal rainfall. Likewise at the time of positive departure of SOI, most of the region (94%) experienced above normal rainfall. There is a good relation between SOI and rainfall over Nepal during monsoon. The correlation coefficient between Nepal monsoon rainfall and monthly SOI shows a statistically significant in-phase relationship during and after monsoon but poor relation during the months prior to monsoon season. These results suggest that monsoon plays an active and effective role on the interannual variability including SOI.
175 citations