Topic
Monsoon
About: Monsoon is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16087 publications have been published within this topic receiving 599888 citations.
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TL;DR: The South China Sea is poorly understood in terms of its marine biota, ecology and the human impacts upon it, and anthropogenic impacts, such as over-exploitation of resources and pollution, are anticipated to be huge although, in reality, relatively little is known about them.
457 citations
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14 Mar 2014
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the effect of the Tibetan Plateau (Qinghai-Xizang) on the Monsoon and its association with major weather events in China.
Abstract: One: The Summer Monsoon in East Asia. Two: The Winter Monsoon in East Asia. Three: The Short-Range Fluctuations of Monsoons and Their Association with the Major Weather Events in China. Four: The Medium and Long-Range Fluctuations of Monsoons and Their Association with Floods and Droughts over China. Five: Effects of the Tibetan Plateau (Qinghai-Xizang) on the Monsoon. Six: Heat, Moisture and Energy Budgets over the Monsoon Regions of China and Some Aspects of Monsoon Dynamics.
454 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the antecedent and subsequent atmospheric conditions over the conterminous United States relative to the onset of monsoon precipitation over the southwestern United States, which typically begins in early July.
Abstract: Key features of the U.S. summer precipitation regime are examined within the context of the evolving North American monsoon system. The focus is on the antecedent and subsequent atmospheric conditions over the conterminous United States relative to the onset of monsoon precipitation over the southwestern United States, which typically begins in early July. The onset of the monsoon in this region is determined using a precipitation index, based on daily observed precipitation for a 31-yr (1963–94) period. Lagged composites of the observed precipitation and various fields from the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis for the period 1979–94 provide a comprehensive picture of atmospheric conditions during the evolution of the U.S. warm season precipitation regime. The summer precipitation regime is characterized by an out-of-phase relationship between precipitation over the Southwest and the Great Plains–northern tier and an in-phase relationship between precipitation over the Southwest and the East Coast. Changes i...
452 citations
TL;DR: The analysis of the All-India summer monsoon (June to September) rainfall for the period 1871 to 1978 has been made in order to understand the interannual and long-term variability of the monsoon.
Abstract: Analysis of the All-India summer monsoon (June to September) rainfall for the period 1871 to 1978 has been made in order to understand the interannual and long-term variability of the monsoon. On a country level, India receives 85.31 cm mean monsoon rainfall which is 78%; of the annual rainfall. The coefficient of variation of monsoon rainfall at the country level is 9.5%;. The highest and lowest rainfall country level were observed in the years 1961 and 1877 respectively, the range being 41 cm about 48%; of the long term average. There are 13/9 years of large-scale deficit/excess in the 108-yr period. There is a continuous rise in the 10-yr mean rainfall from 1899 to 1953. There are four major climatic rainfall periods in the series. Correlogram and spectrum analysis showed significant 14-yr and 2.8-yr cycles respectively in 108-yr series; however detailed examination indicated that these cycles have developed during the last 30 yr of the data period.
451 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new East Asian winter monsoon index, which reflects the 300-hPa meridional wind shear associated with the jet stream, was defined to describe the seasonal mean winter temperature over Korea, Japan, and eastern China.
Abstract: A new East Asian winter monsoon index, which reflects the 300-hPa meridional wind shear associated with the jet stream, was defined to describe the variability of the winter monsoon in midlatitude East Asia. This index represents very well the seasonal mean winter temperature over Korea, Japan, and eastern China. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction‐National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis data from 1958 to 2001 were used to examine the composite structures of strong and weak winter monsoons based on this index. The composite strong winter monsoon is characterized by an enhanced upper-level jet stream south of Japan, a strengthened midtropospheric East Asian trough, a stronger than normal Aleutian low and Siberian high, and increased low-level northeasterlies along the Russian coast. This composite structure suggests that a cold winter in Korea and Japan depends critically on processes that control the pressure gradients between the Aleutian low and the Siberian high. Power spectral analysis of the index shows significant peaks occurring in 3‐4, 6‐8, and around 18 yr. The decadal peak is primarily due to a prominent cold period from 1980 to 1986 versus a warm period from 1987 to 1993. The regressed sea level pressure field for the interannual component resembles the composite strong winter monsoon pattern, whereas the sea level pressure pattern for the decadal component bears close similarity to that of the Arctic Oscillation. These conditions in the winter monsoon are associated with excess snowfall in October over the Siberian high, northeastern China, and far eastern Russia. The sensitivity experiments with the Seoul National University general circulation model suggest that the change in snow depth in autumn over the Siberian high and northeastern China may lead to the variability of the winter monsoon intensity. The teleconnection analysis confirms that development of the Siberian high and/or the Aleutian low is associated with an enhanced East Asian winter monsoon; the Arctic Oscillation is closely related to the winter monsoon intensity on the decadal time scale.
451 citations