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Monsoon
About: Monsoon is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 16087 publications have been published within this topic receiving 599888 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that large anomalies of the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) are also linked to the Equatorial Indian Ocean Oscillation (EQUINOO) between states with enhancement/ suppression of atmospheric convection over the western part of the equatorial Indian ocean with suppression/enhancement over the eastern part and associated changes in the anomaly of the zonal wind along the equator.
Abstract: It is well known that anomalies of the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) are linked to El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We show that large anomalies of the ISMR are also linked to the Equatorial Indian Ocean Oscillation (EQUINOO) between states with enhancement/ suppression of atmospheric convection over the western part of the equatorial Indian Ocean with suppression/enhancement over the eastern part and associated changes in the anomaly of the zonal wind along the equator. EQUINOO is the atmospheric component of the coupled Indian Ocean Dipole mode. There is a strong relation between the large anomalies of ISMR and a composite index which is a linear combination of the indices for ENSO and EQUINOO with all seasons with large deficits ( excess) characterized by small ( large) values of the index.However, the variation of ISMR within one standard deviation is more complex and does not appear to be related to the composite index.
400 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a description of the internal dynamics and boundary forcing characteristics of two major subcomponents of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM), that is, the South Asian monsoon and the East-Southeast Asian Monsoon (EAM).
Abstract: In this paper, the authors present a description of the internal dynamics and boundary forcing characteristics of two major subcomponents of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM), that is, the South Asian monsoon (SAM) and the East–Southeast Asian monsoon (EAM). The description is based on a new monsoon-climate paradigm in which the variability of ASM is considered as the outcome of the interplay of a “fast” and an “intermediate” monsoon subsystem, under the influence of “slow” external forcings. Two sets of regional monsoon indices derived from dynamically consistent rainfall and wind data are used in this study. Results show that the internal dynamics of SAM are representative of a “classical” monsoon system in which the anomalous circulation is governed by Rossby wave dynamics, where anomalous vorticity induced by an off-equatorial heat source is balanced by the advection of planetary vorticity. On the other hand, the internal dynamics of EAM are characterized by a “hybrid” monsoon system featuring m...
400 citations
398 citations
TL;DR: The magnetic susceptibility of loess and paleosol can be regarded as a proxy index of Asian monsoon variation in Central China during the last 2.5 Ma is analyzed in this article.
397 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review is presented on the proposed explanations to the observed changes in the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) during the 20th century. But it seems still unclear whether human activities and global warming are playing significant roles.
Abstract: East Asia is dominated by a typical monsoon climate The East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) exhibits considerable variability on a wide range of time scales during the 20 th century A substantial portion is the multi-decadal variability Over the recent decades, the EASM has been weakening from the end of the 1970s which results in a “southern China flood and northern China drought” rainfall pattern Understanding the mechanisms responsible for the weakening tendency has been a challenge for climate research community Examinations on the long-term change of the EASM during the 20 th century find no significant trends, indicating the pronounced weakening tendency of the EASM in recent decades is unprecedented After documenting the prominent features of the interdecadal climate transition, a review is presented in this paper on the proposed explanations to the observed changes The proposed factors include the Indian Ocean and far western Pacific warming, the tropical central-eastern Pacific warming, the weakening sensible heat source over the Tibetan Plateau, and the aerosol forcing, as well as internal variability While parts of the monsoon circulation changes can be explained in terms of the proposed mechanisms, it is still beyond the scope of our current knowledge to present a complete picture Much remains to be learned about the mechanisms that produce such multi-decadal changes in the EASM, but it seems still unclear whether human activities and global warming are playing significant roles
396 citations