Topic
Morality
About: Morality is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 22623 publications have been published within this topic receiving 545733 citations. The topic is also known as: moral & morals.
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DOI•
02 Jan 2014TL;DR: A comprehensive theory of morality must explain how moral reasoning, in conjunction with other psychosocial factors, governs moral conduct as mentioned in this paper, which is a process in which multidimensional rules or standards are used to judge moral conduct.
Abstract: A comprehensive theory of morality must explain how moral reasoning, in
conjunction with other psychosocial factors, governs moral conduct. Social cog
nitive theory adopts a cognitive interactionist perspective to moral phenomena.
Within this conceptual framework, personal factors in the form of moral thought
and affective self-reactions, moral conduct, and environmental factors all operate
as interacting determinants that influence each other bidirectionally. Moral think
ing is a process in which multidimensional rules or standards are used to judge
conduct. Situations with moral implications contain many decisional ingredients
that may be given lesser or greater weight depending upon the standards by
which they are cognitively processed and the particular constellations of events
in given moral predicaments. There are some culturally universal features to the
developmental changes of standards of conduct and the locus of moral agency.
These commonalities arise from basic uniformities in the types of biopsycho
social changes that occur with increasing age in all cultures. A theory of morality
requires a broader conception than is provided by rationalistic approaches cast in
terms of skill in abstract reasoning. Moral conduct is motivated and regulated
mainly by the ongoing exercise of self-reactive influence. Self-regulatory mecha
nisms, therefore, form an integral part in the conception of moral agency in
social cognitive theory. Development of self-regulatory capabilities does not
create an invariant control mechanism within a person. Self-reactive influences
do not operate unless they are activated, and there are many psychosocial pro
cesses by which self-sanctions can be selectively activated and disengaged from
transgressive conduct. Mechanisms of moral disengagement also play a central
role in the social cognitive theory of morality.
1,252 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1978
TL;DR: This book questions the relationship between psychology and morality as well as exploring the concept of human intentionality, and argues that intentional attributes such as desires, goals, beliefs and knowledge are purely mechanistic.
Abstract: A collection of 17 essays exploring the central issues of the philosophy of the mind, and human interaction with psychology and evolutionary biology. This book questions the relationship between psychology and morality as well as exploring the concept of human intentionality. It argues that intentional attributes such as desires, goals, beliefs and knowledge are purely mechanistic. The author also considers the meaning of mental imagery, sensations, pain and other puzzling aspects of consciousness. Central to the discussion of the book is the question of whether psychology can support a vision of humans as moral agents, free to choose what they do and responsible for their actions.
1,209 citations
TL;DR: The idea of speculative reason has been used to resist the moral concept of freedom of choice for a long time as discussed by the authors, and to attack the moral concepts of freedom and, if possible, render it suspect.
1,142 citations
TL;DR: In contrast with special rights, which constitute a justification peculiar to the holder of the right for interfering with another's freedom, general rights are asserted defensively, when some unjustified interference is anticipated or threatened, in order to point out that the interference is unjustified.
Abstract: There is of course no simple identification to be made between moral and legal rights, but there is an intimate connection between the two, and this itself is one feature which distinguishes a moral right from other fundamental moral concepts. The words droit, diritto, and Recht, used by continental jurists, have no simple English translation and seem to English jurists to hover uncertainly between law and morals, but they do in fact mark off an area of morality which has special characteristics. In contrast with special rights, which constitute a justification peculiar to the holder of the right for interfering with another's freedom, are general rights, which are asserted defensively, when some unjustified interference is anticipated or threatened, in order to point out that the interference is unjustified. The assertion of general rights directly invokes the principle that all men equally have the right to be free; the assertion of a special right invokes it indirectly.
1,128 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the nature of autonomy, science, and morality, and the value of autonomy in the context of behavior control and design, and conclude that more choice is better than less.
Abstract: Preface Acknowledgments Part I. Theory: 1. The nature of autonomy 2. The value of autonomy 3. Moral autonomy 4. Autonomy, science, and morality 5. Is more choice better than less? Part II. Practice: 6. Consent, representation, and proxy consent 7. Autonomy and informed consent 8. Paternalism: some second thoughts 9. The serpent beguiled me and I did eat: entrapment and the creation of crime 10. Behaviour control and design Epilogue Bibliography Index.
1,125 citations