Showing papers on "Morpholine published in 1990"
TL;DR: A series of ten additives were mixed with cellulose solutions in N -methyl morpholine Noxide (MMNO) to produce cellulose fibres which were tested for their properties.
77 citations
TL;DR: The structure of the urinary metabolites formed after moclobemide administration in humans was elucidated, and the pattern compared with that in the plasma was found to be qualitatively but not quantitatively similar to that observed in urine.
Abstract: The structure of the urinary metabolites formed after moclobemide administration in humans was elucidated, and the pattern compared with that in the plasma. The metabolic pathways of moclobemide were also compared with those of structurally related substances. After oral moclobemide administration, on average 95% of the dose was recovered in the urine within 4 days, with a mean of 92% being excreted during the first 12 h. The drug is extensively metabolized: less than 1 % of the dose was excreted unchanged. A total of 19 metabolites, accounting together for about 64% of the dose, was isolated and all metabolites accounting for more than 1 % of the dose were identified. Consistent with other morpholine-containing compounds, metabolic pathways of moclobemide include mainly oxidative attack on the morpholine moiety, leading to a multitude of oxidation products. Four primary metabolic reactions were identified: morpholine N-oxidation, aromatic hydroxylation, morpholine C-oxi-dation and deamination. The major metabolites in urine are 4 carboxylic acids (M7A and M7B, M8, M9) that account for 49% of the dose. Only 2 metabolites (M3, M10) were found to be hydroxylated on the aromatic nucleus. They were excreted completely as conjugates of glucuronic and/ or sulfuric acid. Conjugation in general, however, seems to be of minor importance in the overall biotransformation of the drug. The metabolite pattern in plasma was found to be qualitatively but not quantitatively similar to that observed in urine. Almost all of the main urinary metabolites were found in plasma as well. The unchanged parent compound and 2 primary oxidation products of the morpholine ring (M1, M15), which were present in urine only in trace amounts, could easily be detected in plasma.
65 citations
TL;DR: The mobile phase composition was optimized for the separation of tryptic digest fragments of human growth hormone by capillary zone electrophoresis and tricine was the most crucial for good resolution, although addition of morpholine helped to resolve closely eluting species.
55 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the kinetics of reactions of carbon dioxide with aqueous diglycolamine and morpholine solutions were studied at various temperatures and amine concentrations, using a stopped-flow technique.
49 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a ring-opening polymerization of morpholine-2,5-dione derivatives was performed in the melt using stannous octoate as an initiator.
Abstract: Polydepsipeptides with alternating -hydroxy acid and -amino acid residues were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of morpholine-2,5-dione derivatives. The polymerizations were performed in the melt using stannous octoate as an initiator. Molecular weights of the polydepsipeptides obtained ranged from 0,9 · 104 to 7,4 · 104. Morpholine-2,5-dione derivatives unsubstituted at the 6-position gave polymers with the highest molecular weights. Poly((S)-alanine-alt-glycolic acid) was semi-crystalline, whereas all other polydepsipeptides synthesized were amorphous. Morpholine-2,5-dione derivatives were synthesized by N-acylation of glycine, (S)-alanine or (S)-valine with chloroacetyl chloride or (R,S)-2-bromopropionyl bromide, followed by ring-closure of N-(2-halogenacyl)-amino acid sodium salts in the melt in 4 to 83% yield. Low yields in the cyclization reaction of N-(2-halogenacyl)-(S)-valine were accompanied by the formation of the corresponding polydepsipeptides in 13 to 46% yield, with molecular weights ranging from 3,3 · 104 to 4,9 · 104.
46 citations
Patent•
07 Feb 1990
TL;DR: In this article, the pyridazine derivatives of formula : (I) in which : -Ar represents a phenyl group substituted by R1 and R2 or a heterocyclic radical such as a pyridine group, unsubstituted or substituted by methyl, methyl or methoxy, or a thienyl group, and -R4 represents a group, with n = 0 or 1 in which X 1 represents hydrogen or methyl, -R5 represents a C1-C6 linear alkyl group, or -R6 represents a c
Abstract: OF THE DISCLOSURE The invention relates to pyridazine derivatives of formula : (I) in which : -Ar represents a phenyl group substituted by R1 and R2 or a heterocyclic radical such as a pyridyl group, unsubstituted or substituted by methyl or methoxy, or a thienyl group, unsubstituted or substituted by chlorine, methyl or methoxy ; -R1 and R2 each independently denotes hydrogen, halogen, trifluoromethyl, hydroxyl, C1-C4 alkoxy or C1-C4 alkyl ; -R3 represents linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl, C3-C7 cycloalkyl, benzyl, phenethyl or the Ar' radical, Ar' being phenyl substituted by R1 and R2 ; -R4 represents : a group, with n = 0 or 1 in which X1 represents hydrogen or methyl ; -R5 represents a C1-C6 linear alkyl group ; -R6 represents a C1-C6 linear alkyl group, or R5 and R6 also constitute with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached a heterocycle selected from morpholine, pyrrolidine or piperidine ; as well as its salts with mineral or organic acids. The above compounds are useful as drugs, notably as drugs active on the cholinergic receptors of type M1.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the reaction of five Michael-type olefins with diphenylphosphine has been carried out, and the resulting 2-diphenyl-phosphino-1-cyanocycloalkanes have been obtained by treatment of methyl-3-diphosphinopropionate with the dimethylaluminum adduct of morpholine.
30 citations
TL;DR: Optically pure (R)-(1-naphthylmethyl)succinic acid could be efficiently prepared by a combination of optical resolution and racemization of the undesired enantiomer as discussed by the authors.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a totally stereoselective formation of heterocycle 6 gives access to a chiral masked form of glyoxal in which the symmetry features of the dialdehyde have disappeared.
20 citations
Patent•
11 Oct 1990TL;DR: N-substituted-2-heterocyclic morpholine derivatives and compositions made therefrom are highly active compounds having utility as growth promotion agents for animals, bronchodilators, antidepressants and antiobesity agents as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: N-substituted-2-heterocyclic morpholine derivatives and compositions made therefrom are highly active compounds having utility as growth promotion agents for animals, bronchodilators, antidepressants and antiobesity agents.
19 citations
Patent•
31 Oct 1990
Abstract: Compositions having improved anti-plaque activity comprise a synergistic combination of a) a morpholinoamino alcohol, such as 3-(4-propylheptyl)-4-(2-hydroxyethyl) morpholine, and b) a chelating agent such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.
TL;DR: Amides as discussed by the authors showed that the reaction of chloroformamidinium chlorides with sodium cyanide in the two-phase system ether/water affords bis(di-alkylamino)malononitriles 3 with good yields.
Patent•
09 Nov 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a combination of a morpholinoamino alcohol or salt thereof, such as 3-(4-propylheptyl)-4-(2-hydroxyethyl) morpholine, and a metal salt, including the salts of divalent zinc, copper and magnesium, was proposed for anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis.
Abstract: Compositions having improved anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis activity comprise a synergistic combination of a) a morpholinoamino alcohol or salt thereof, such as 3-(4- propylheptyl)-4-(2-hydroxyethyl) morpholine, and b) a metal salt, such as the salts of divalent zinc, copper and magnesium.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported the first pK a determination of 1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-1,3-cyclopentadiene (pK a =8.32) for both the proton transfers and the nucleophilic additions.
Abstract: The kinetics of the reversible deprotonation of 1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-1,3-cyclopentadiene by OH − , piperidine, piperazine, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine, morpholine, 1-piperazinecarboxaldehyde, n-butylamine, 2-methoxyethylamine, 2-chloroethylamine, and glycinamide and of reversible nucleophilic addition of piperidine and morpholine to 1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-6-phenylfulvene have been measured in 50% Me 2 SO/50% water at 20°C. Bronsted coefficients and intrinsic rate constants have been determined for both the proton transfers and the nucleophilic additions. The significance of these intrinsic rate constants with respect to resonance effects in the tetrachlorocyclopentadienyl anions and transition-state imbalances is discussed. This paper also reports the first pK a determination of 1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-1,3-cyclopentadiene (pK a =8.32)
TL;DR: In the absence of morpholine in the influent most mycobacteria in the activated sludge retained their morpholine-degrading phenotypes, despite the fact that some of these organisms can lose this phenotype when grown under non-selective conditions.
Abstract: An activated sludge plant was established which was capable of treating an influent containing morpholine When this compound was deleted from the influent the ability of the activated sludge to degrade morpholine was reduced This reduction took the form of an increase in the length of the lag period before morpholine degradation was detected in a die-away test from 0 to ca 1000 h The decreased ability of the activated sludge to degrade morpholine was accounted for by a decline in the specific population of morpholine-degrading microbes In this activated sludge all morpholine degraders were Mycobacterium spp In the absence of morpholine in the influent most mycobacteria in the activated sludge retained their morpholine-degrading phenotypes This is despite the fact that some of these organisms can lose this phenotype when grown under non-selective conditions These results are discussed in relation to other work on the degradation of morpholine and to problems in the treatment of xenobiotic compounds in industrial effluents
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of an experimental investigation of five binary mixtures of morpholine with water and alcohols were reported, where data from volumetric measurements (T and x ) were used to compute excess volumes (V E ) and partial molar volumes at infinite dilution.
TL;DR: The title compounds (2a-d), representing α,β-didehydroalanine derivatives and reactive equivalents of pyruvic acid, have been obtained by the reaction of methyl or tert-butyl pyruvate with dimethylamine, piperidine or morpholine in the presence of arsenous trichloride.
Abstract: The title compounds (2a-d), representing α,β-didehydroalanine derivatives and reactive equivalents of pyruvic acid, have been obtained by the reaction of methyl or tert-butyl pyruvate with dimethylamine, piperidine or morpholine in the presence of arsenous trichloride. The synthesis of dimethyl 2,4-dioxopentanedioate is given as an example of the versatile reactivity of these compounds
TL;DR: The capacity to degrade morpholine exists in rivers and activated sludges from sewage works; in practice, however, the rates of degradation observed are very low and it is unlikely that significant morpholine biodegradation generally occurs in these systems.
TL;DR: In this article, the equilibrium constants for the ion-pair formation between 2,4-dinitrophenol and the following amines: pyrrolidine, piperidine, dibutylamine, di-isopropylamine and cyclohexylisoperylamine in tetrahydrofuran (THF) were measured.
Abstract: The equilibrium constants for the ion-pair formation between 2,4-dinitrophenol and the following amines: pyrrolidine, piperidine, dibutylamine, di-isopropylamine, cyclohexylisopropylamine, dicyclohexylamine, morpholine, and diethylamine, in tetrahydrofuran (THF) have been measured. The relative acidities of the same amines (except diethylamine) have been also determined, as well as the pKa-values for di-isopropylamine, cyclohexylisopropylamine, and dicyclohexylamine in THF. The results show the importance of acid–base equilibria in determining the product distribution in the carbonylation of lithium amides in THF. They also explain the role of the [amine] : [amide] ratio in determining the reaction products.
TL;DR: In this paper, the octamolybdate anion was determined to have eight condensed octahedra with 16 terminal positions, two of which were occupied by the salicylideneiminato ligands.
Abstract: The compound [MoO2(sal)2](Hsal = salicylaldehyde) reacts with n-propylamine in methanol to give [NH3Pr]2[Mo8O22(OH)4(OC6H4CHNPr-2)2]·6MeOH (1). The same complex was obtained by the reaction of ammonium paramolybdate with N-propylsalicylideneimine. The structure determined by X-ray analysis showed that the octamolybdate anion consists of eight condensed octahedra with 16 terminal positions, two of which are occupied by the salicylideneiminato ligands. The reaction of MoO2Cl2 with methionine yields the neutral complex [Mo8O20(OH)4(MetO)4]·solvent (2)(solvent = H2O or MeOH, MetO = methioninate). If the methanolic solution of (2) is neutralized with morpholine (morph) the anionic complex [Hmorph]4[Mo8O24(OH)2(MetO)2]·4H2O (3) is obtained. It has been shown by X-ray analysis that the structure of (3) is analogous to that of (1) with two MetO ligands linked to two terminal sites of the Mo8O26 core.
TL;DR: Evidence is presented which suggests that in two strains loss of the morpholine-degradative phenotype may be correlated with a decrease in the size of a very large plasmid implying deletion of the DNA encoding morpholine degradation.
Abstract: The stability of the morpholine-degradative phenotype was studied in a group of nine distinct strains of mycobacteria, all isolated from an activated sludge plant treating morpholine.
Variants incapable of morpholine degradation arose from all strains at high frequency following growth under non-selective conditions. However, strains differed with respect to the frequency at which Mor− variants arose. No spontaneous reversion to wild type could be demonstrated. Six of the nine mycobacterial strains contained plasmids, each had a different plasmid profile. The plasmid profiles of wild type and Mor− variants were compared. In no case could loss of the ability to grow on morpholine be correlated with loss of a complete plasmid. However, evidence is presented which suggests that in two strains loss of the morpholine-degradative phenotype may be correlated with a decrease in the size of a very large plasmid implying deletion of the DNA encoding morpholine degradation. The techniques employed to screen for plasmids in mycobacteria are discussed.
TL;DR: In this article, the lanthanide morpholine-4-carbodithioate complexes with the general formula (MorphH 2 )[Ln(MorphCS 2 ) 4 ]·H 2 O (morph = morpholino, Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Gd) have been prepared using anhydrous lanthanides chloride and morpholinium morpholine -4-carbodithion as reactants.
Patent•
20 Nov 1990TL;DR: Water-based coating materials containing as organic pigment at least one 1.4-diketo-3,6-diphenylpyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole or quinacridone composition are highly suitable for colouring water-based architectural and industrial coating systems.
Abstract: Water-based coating materials containing as organic pigment at least one 1,4-diketo-3,6-diphenylpyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole or quinacridone composition, the pyrrolopyrrole composition comprising a) at least one pyrrolopyrrole of the formula I and b) at least one modified pyrrolopyrrole of the above-indicated formula I with at least one group of the formula -SO3L, or the quinacridone composition comprising c) at least one quinacridone of the formula II or a solid solution thereof and d) at least one quinacridone of the above-indicated formula II with at least one group of the formula -SO3L, wherein R1 and R3 are independently of one another -H, -Cl, -Br, -CH3, -OCH3, -CN or -C6H5, R2 and R4 are independently of one another -H, -Cl, -Br or -CH3 and R5 and R6 are independently of one another -H, -Cl, -Br, -CH3 or -OCH3, and L is -H, a group of the formula or N H(R7)(R8)(R9), where M is a monovalent, divalent or trivalent metal cation, n is 1, 2 or 3, and R7, R8 and R9 are independently of one another -H, alkyl, aralkyl, C5-C6-cycloalkyl or aryl, or R8 and R9 together with the N-atom form a pyrrolidine, imidazolidine, piperidine, piperazine or morpholine radical, or R7, R8 and R9 together with the N-atom form a pyrrole, pyridine, picoline, pyrazine, quinoline or isoquinoline radical, are highly suitable for colouring water-based architectural and industrial coating systems.
TL;DR: In this article, experimental results on the binary mixtures morpholine / methanol (at 74.2 and 30.1 kPa) and morpholine/ 2-propanol ( at 70.0 and 30,0kPa) are reported: P, T, x, y data are checked for consistency and then used to calculate parameters of excess Gibbs energy (GE) models.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that benzalacetone (1) can be converted into styrene-4,β-disulfonyl dichloride (3) on treatment with an excess of chlorosulfonic acid.
Abstract: Freshly prepared benzalacetone (1) can be converted into styrene-4,β-disulfonyl dichloride (3) on treatment with an excess of chlorosulfonic acid. The yield is influenced by the work-up conditions. A number of derivatives have been prepared from 3, by reaction with nitrogen nucleophiles. Benzalpinacolone (5). which precludes enolisation-a key step in the conversion of 1 into 3, was also converted into 3 on treatment with an excess of chlorosulfonic acid. The identity of the product was confirmed by reaction with dimethylamine and morpholine, which gave the bis-sulphonamides (4) and (16) respectively. A reaction mechanism for the conversion of (5) into (3) has been proposed.
Patent•
30 Nov 1990TL;DR: A pH-neutral aqueous solution of a quinolonecarboxylic acid of the formula ##STR1## in which R 1 represents halogen, R 2 and R 3 represent hydrogen, C 1-4 -alkyl, or together the adjacent nitrogen atom form an optionally substituted morpholine or piperazine ring, R 4 represents optionally substituted C1-4-alkyl or C3-6 -cycloalkyl and X represents --N═or --CR5 ═, and R5 represents hydrogen, halogen or OH or C1
Abstract: A pH-neutral aqueous solution of a quinolonecarboxylic acid of the formula ##STR1## in which R1 represents halogen, C1-4 -alkyl or C2-4 -alkenyl, R2 and R3 represent hydrogen, C1-4 -alkyl, or together the adjacent nitrogen atom form an optionally substituted morpholine or piperazine ring, R4 represents optionally substituted C1-4 -alkyl or C3-6 -cycloalkyl, X represents --N═or --CR5 ═, and R5 represents hydrogen, halogen, OH or C1-4 -alkyl, or R4 and R5, together with the C and N atoms position between them, form a saturated 5- or 6-membered ring which can contain other hetero atoms and which is optionally substituted, the solution containing calcium ions in at least an equimolar amount relative to the quinolonecarboxylic acid and having a pH between about 6.5 and 7.5. The solution is prepared by reacting the quinolonecarboxylic acid in water with a water-soluble calcium compound in at least an equimolar ratio and subsequently adjusting the pH of the solution to a value between about 6.5 and 7.5. The solutions are especially suited for treating eggs and drinking water.
TL;DR: 1,2-Dibromocyclopentane, 5,6-dibromocyteclooctene, and 1, 2-Diamoxine are smoothly dehydrobrominated to the corresponding 1-bromocyCLoalkenes in good yield using morpholine and dimethyl sulfoxide in benzene or ethanol as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: 1,2-Dibromocyclopentane, 1,2-dibromocyclohexane, 1,2-dibromocycloheptane, 1,2-dibromocyclooctane, 1,2-dibromocyclododecane, and 5,6-dibromocyclooctene are smoothly dehydrobrominated to the corresponding 1-bromocycloalkenes in good yield using morpholine and dimethyl sulfoxide in benzene or ethanol
Patent•
14 Dec 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, the subject oil containing a specific amine (derivative), having excellent cutting and grinding performance and anticorrosive property, reduced in the deterioration of the oil due to microorganisms, elongating the service-lives of coolant solutions and permitting to reduce the using amount of oil to reduce running costs of cutting works.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide the subject oil containing a specific amine (derivative), having excellent cutting and grinding performance and anticorrosive property, reduced in the deterioration of the oil due to microorganisms, elongating the service-lives of coolant solutions and permitting to reduce the using amount of the oil to reduce the running costs of cutting works. CONSTITUTION:The objective oil contains one kind or more of amines, morpholine derivatives, piperidine, piperazine and pyrrolidine of formulas I and II (R1-R7 are H, 1-10C alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkylaryl. aralkyl, aryl, amide, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxy; R8' is 1-8C alkylene), morpholine derivatives. piperidine, piperazine, pyrrolidine and derivatives thereof. When the oil is diluted and used in a coolant, the concentration of the amine in the coolant is 0.001-1wt.%.
TL;DR: The complexes of morpholine with iodine were shown to be of the n-sigma type with a 1:1 stoichiometry, indicating that morpholine could serve as a starting point for the synthesis of novel anti-thyroid drugs.
Abstract: It has been demonstrated spectroscopically that many nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds can from charge transfer complexes with iodine. The complexes of morpholine with iodine were shown to be of the n-σ type with a 1 : 1 stoichiometry. A strong donor-acceptor interaction was found (Kc=1261±12 mol-1 at 20°C in CCl4), considerably higher than those of complexes of anomatic compounds with iodine. The high value of the formation constant for this complex indicated that morpholine could serve as a starting point for the synthesis of novel anti-thyroid drugs.
Patent•
13 Mar 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a two-phase aq.-organic system is described, in which the aq. phase has a pH or 5-10 and the pyrrolidine is an oxidising agent.
Abstract: Prepn. of substd. benzaldehydes (I) comprises the liq. phase oxidn. of a benzyl alcohol (II) using an inorganic or organic hypochlorite or hypobromite and a morpholine, pyrrolidine or piperidine deriv. (III). R1 = methyl, ethyl, F, Cl or Br; R2 = 1-12C alkyl, or 3-8C cycloalkyl or 6-12C bicycloalkyl opt. mono-, di- or trisubstd. by 1-5C alkyl; Alk=. 1-4C alkyl; Q = =N(+)=OX(-), =N-OH or =N-O; X- = anion; n = 0 or 1; Y = O, CO or =C(R3)(R4); R3, R4 = H, OH or a C- and/or O- organic gp., which can be joined to a 5- or 6- membered ring. Also claimed is the in situ prepn. of cpds. (III) from a corresp. morpholine, pyrrolidine and piperidine and an oxidising agent. Pref. the reaction is carried out in the presence of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and/or ammonium bromides. The liq. phase is a two-phase aq.-organic system, esp. one in which the aq. phase has a pH or 5-10. USE/ADVANTAGE - Cpds. (I) are intermediates for plant protectants, e.g. pyrethroid derivs. Compared with known processes the new process is industrially applicable, economical and gives cpds. (I) in high yields of up to 85%.