Topic
Morpholine
About: Morpholine is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5411 publications have been published within this topic receiving 51063 citations. The topic is also known as: diethylene imidoxide & diethylene oximide.
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TL;DR: Production of P450Mor as an N‐terminal His‐tag fusion protein enabled the purification of this protein in its spectral active form, which has previously not been possible for wild‐type P450mor.
Abstract: The P450mor system from Mycobacterium sp. strain HE5, supposed to catalyse the hydroxylation of different N-heterocycles, is composed of three components: ferredoxin reductase (FdRmor), Fe3S4 ferredoxin (Fdmor) and cytochrome P450 (P450mor). In this study, we purified Fdmor and P450mor as recombinant proteins as well as FdRmor, which has been isolated previously. Kinetic investigations of the redox couple FdRmor/Fdmor revealed a 30-fold preference for the NADH-dependent reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and an absolute requirement for Fdmor in this reaction, compared with the NADH-dependent reduction of cytochrome c. The quite low Km (5.3 ± 0.3 nm) of FdRmor for Fdmor, measured with NBT as the electron acceptor, indicated high specificity. The addition of sequences providing His-tags to the N- or C-terminus of Fdmor did not significantly alter kinetic parameters, but led to competitive background activities of these fusion proteins. Production of P450mor as an N-terminal His-tag fusion protein enabled the purification of this protein in its spectral active form, which has previously not been possible for wild-type P450mor. The proposed substrates morpholine, piperidine or pyrrolidine failed to produce substrate-binding spectra of P450mor under any conditions. Pyridine, metyrapone and different azole compounds generated type II binding spectra and the Kd values determined for these substances suggested that P450mor might have a preference for more bulky and/or hydrophobic molecules. The purified recombinant proteins FdRmor, Fdmor and P450mor were used to reconstitute the homologous P450-containing mono-oxygenase, which was shown to convert morpholine.
19 citations
TL;DR: The antibacterial activities of the compounds against G(+) and G(−) bacteria and their antifungal activities against yeast strains were scrutinized and indicated that 4a and 5a were the most active compounds, especially to yeast strains.
Abstract: The Cl substitution reactions of octachlorocyclotetraphosphazene, N4P4Cl8, with one equimolar amount of (4-fluorobenzyl)diamines (1–3) affords mono(4-fluorobenzyl)spirocyclotetraphosphazenes (4–6) as minor products. However, the reactions of N4P4Cl8 with two equimolar amounts of (4-fluorobenzyl)diamines (1–3) leads to the formation of mono (4–6), 2-trans-6-bis (7–9, as major products) and 2-cis-6-bis (4-fluorobenzyl)spirocyclotetraphosphazenes (10–12). The 2-cis-6-bis compounds (10 and 12) were separated and purified using column chromatography as minor products, whereas compound 11 could not be isolated. The mono-spiro (4–6) and 2-trans-6-bis-spiro (7–9) cyclotetraphosphazenes were reacted with excess pyrrolidine in THF to afford the fully substituted hexapyrrolidino (4a-6a) and tetrapyrrolidino (7a-9a) products in high yield. Compound 9 was also reacted with piperidine, morpholine and 1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4,5]decane (DASD) to obtain the tetraamino products (9b, 9c and 9d), respectively, due to its very high yield. The elemental analyses, mass spectra (ESI-MS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and 1H, 13C{1H}, and 31P{1H} NMR data of the cyclotetraphosphazenes were in agreement with the suggested structures. The molecular structures of 7, 9 and 12 were established by X-ray crystallography. The antibacterial activities of the compounds against G(+) and G(−) bacteria and their antifungal activities against yeast strains were scrutinized. The results indicated that 4a and 5a were the most active compounds, especially to yeast strains. In addition, it was found that the most active compound toward DNA was 8. The cytotoxic activities of the cyclotetraphosphazenes against L929 fibroblast and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines were elucidated. Compound 8a exhibited the most toxic effects against both types of cells.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the pyrazine diiminoimides (2,3)-dicarbonitriles 2 substituted in the 5 and 6 positions with morpholine, thiomorpholine, piperidine or pyrrolidine.
Abstract: Nickel(II) octa(4-morpholinyl)- (11a) and copper(II) octa(1-pyrrolidinyl)- (11b) azaphthalocyanines have been prepared from the corresponding pyrazine diiminoimides (10). The precursor pyrazine dicarbonitriles (2) gave 6-cyanopyrazine-5-alkyl carboximidates (3-9) as stable intermediates when reacted with ammonia and catalytic amounts of sodium alkoxide in alcohols. Compounds 3-9 were converted to the diiminoimides 10 upon reflux in propanol or butanol for several hours. This unusual reaction pattern was observed for pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitriles 2 substituted in the 5- and 6-positions with morpholine, thiomorpholine, piperidine or pyrrolidine.
19 citations
TL;DR: Isophorone morpholine (or piperidine) dienamine exists in roughly 1 : 1 equilibrium of linear and cross-conjugated forms, each reacts with dienophiles to yield two different types of Diels-Alder adducts, viz., an allylic amine and a saturated ketone as discussed by the authors.
19 citations
Patent•
16 Nov 2001
TL;DR: Couplers for hair coloring compositions for oxidative dyeing of hair are compounds of the formula (1): where R1 and R2 are each individually selected from a hydrogen atom, a C 1 to C 3 alkyl group, a c 1 to c 5 mono or dihydroxyalkyl group; phenyl or benzyl optionally substituted with an alkoxy group, or R 1 and R 2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a piperazine, piperidine, imidazole, or morpholine ring as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Couplers for hair coloring compositions for oxidative dyeing of hair are compounds of the formula (1): where R1 and R2 are each individually selected from a hydrogen atom, a C1 to C3 alkyl group, a C1 to C5 mono or dihydroxyalkyl group; phenyl or benzyl optionally substituted with an alkoxy group, or R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a piperazine, piperidine, imidazole, or morpholine ring.
19 citations