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Mortar

About: Mortar is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 25024 publications have been published within this topic receiving 218739 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The scientific basis of this exceptional service record is explored through computed tomography of fracture surfaces and synchroton X-ray microdiffraction analyses of a reproduction of the standardized hydrated lime–volcanic ash mortar that binds decimeter-sized tuff and brick aggregate in the conglomeratic concrete.
Abstract: The pyroclastic aggregate concrete of Trajan’s Markets (110 CE), now Museo Fori Imperiali in Rome, has absorbed energy from seismic ground shaking and long-term foundation settlement for nearly two millenia while remaining largely intact at the structural scale. The scientific basis of this exceptional service record is explored through computed tomography of fracture surfaces and synchroton X-ray microdiffraction analyses of a reproduction of the standardized hydrated lime–volcanic ash mortar that binds decimeter-sized tuff and brick aggregate in the conglomeratic concrete. The mortar reproduction gains fracture toughness over 180 d through progressive coalescence of calcium–aluminum-silicate–hydrate (C-A-S-H) cementing binder with Ca/(Si+Al) ≈ 0.8–0.9 and crystallization of stratlingite and siliceous hydrogarnet (katoite) at ≥90 d, after pozzolanic consumption of hydrated lime was complete. Platey stratlingite crystals toughen interfacial zones along scoria perimeters and impede macroscale propagation of crack segments. In the 1,900-y-old mortar, C-A-S-H has low Ca/(Si+Al) ≈ 0.45–0.75. Dense clusters of 2- to 30-µm stratlingite plates further reinforce interfacial zones, the weakest link of modern cement-based concrete, and the cementitious matrix. These crystals formed during long-term autogeneous reaction of dissolved calcite from lime and the alkali-rich scoriae groundmass, clay mineral (halloysite), and zeolite (phillipsite and chabazite) surface textures from the Pozzolane Rosse pyroclastic flow, erupted from the nearby Alban Hills volcano. The clast-supported conglomeratic fabric of the concrete presents further resistance to fracture propagation at the structural scale.

84 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to characterize the mortar of the Roman Colosseum and a Roman cistern from Albano Laziale.

84 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the suitability of marble waste as a fine aggregate in lean mortar mixes was investigated and it was found that by incorporating marble waste from 25% to 50%, maximum benefits could be derived in terms of reduced water requirement, improved mechanical performance and enhanced durability, while at 50% substitution the water requirement to attain the required workability fell by 6% and compressive strength increased from 2.84 MPa to 7.04 MPa.

84 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a state-of-the-art regarding experimental programs on concrete and masonry samples confined by Fiber Reinforced Mortar (FRM) and subjected to pure compressive test is preliminary reported.

84 citations


Network Information
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20242
20231,804
20223,038
20211,143
20201,529
20191,628